The TSR2 the most advanced aircraft interceptor

Ranked #1,869 in Education, #43,738 overall

About Tactical Strike/Reconnaissance 2

The TSR2, Tactical Strike/Reconnaissance aeroplane was designed as the most advanced strike aircraft in the world in the late 1960's. Capable of speeds above Mach 2, at hedgerow height, its destruction and the end of the project is one of the most controversial episodes in British aviation history. Not simply scrapped or closed down, everything to do with the project was destroyed, including setting fire to the airframes.

The prototype was limited to 80% of its engine power, but an English Electric Lightning was used as the camera plane to film its flight tests, as the Mach 2 interceptor was the only thing that could keep up. It would have outperformed the majority of modern fighter and interceptor aircraft.
Important!

"All modern aircraft have four dimensions: span, length, height and politics.
TSR.2 simply got the first three right."



- Sir Sydney Camm

The TSR2 in flight

Ungainly on the ground, the idea was that nothing could match it in flight. The cameraplane was an English Electric Lightning, the Mach 2 intercepter. During the test flights shown here the TSR was not allowed to use more than 80% engine power...

Here is the newsreel for the maiden flight of the TSR2. Sadly, the politics and thnking that destroyed it can be heard in the narration.
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The TSR2 Test flight - video

Interviews with the people who were there

The test flight video shows the original test flight where the pilot touched down a little fast. It covers the test flight program with over twenty test flights, including narration by the pilot of the Lightning who was left in the dust when TSR2 went supersonic - even though he had engaged full reheat on both engines!
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The destruction of the TSR2

In 1965 on 6th April, Harold Wilson's government closed the project, ordering the destruction of everything associated with the TSR2. It was claimed this was due to cost, but major doubts have been raised that this was the main reason and rumours of international involvement in the cancellation were rife.

Sometimes closing a project is not enough. The protoypes, the notes and the equipment to build it were destroyed in one of the most controversial episodes in British aviation history.
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The technical details for the TSR2

A summary and a book recommend



The technical details of the TSR2 are obscured by the fact it was never allowed to reach its potential. The details we do have are for one prototype that was never allowed to fly at full speed and a limited number of test flights. With the notes and details destroyed we will never know how good this plane might have been.

Type:

interceptor


Crew:

2


Max Speed:

Flown at Mach 1.5*


Service Ceiling:

54,000 feet*


Range:

1800 miles+


Engines:

2 x Bristol Olympus


Length:

89 ft


Wingspan:

37 ft


Height:

23 ft 9 inch


Weight:

55,000lbs





*these were known from the test flights - the design specs were much higher
+assumed and never tested.

Not so much of interest for the history of the plane, the book below covers the avionics systems and technical details for the BAC TSR2. For the politics behind it, Stephen Hastings' hard-to-obtain "The murder of the TSR2" gives a full view of the project's cancellation.

TSR2

Amazon Price: $31.79 (as of 05/27/2012)Buy Now

Rather than dealing with the politics behind the TSR2, this book is a technical manual.

To quote the review: "If you want to know about the state of the avionic arts in the late 1950's and early 60's, this is an excellent overview of how those incredibly complicated devices work, and work together."

The pilot's manual for the TSR2

How to fly a supersonic strike aircraft

The pilot's manual for the BAC TSR2 is available in PDF from Amazon. PDF'd from high quality photocopies, this is an interesting piece of nostalgia for pilots, as well as a sad look at what might have been.

**Update** The manuals have been withdrawn from Amazon However they are still available on CD:

Could not locate item B000ZNOJQI. Please try again.Sorry, there are no results available from Amazon.

The Killing of the TSR2 - upcoming

A BBC Radio play on the subject:
7th Jan 2010

Survivors

The TSR2 prototypes.

TSR2
TSR2 DVD
Buy from Amazon.co.uk

If orders had been carried out correctly, it seems there would have been no trace of this beautiful aircraft left in existence. However, two complete prototypes survive. Some rumours suggest they were smuggled out in crates marked "Spares" to ensure they survived the project's destruction.

XR222 is at Duxford.
XR220 is at Cosford.

Classic British Jets: TSR2 covers the history of the TSR2. The DVD is only available from Amazon.co.uk, but is region-free so will play anywhere in the world.

The murder of the TSR2 by Stephen Hastings

The definitive book on the case

Written in 1966 this book covers the politics which killed the TSR2. Hard to obtain and rarely reprinted, it was written by Stephen Hastings a Conservative MP who supported the project in the immediately aftermath of the cancellation. Ironically with hindsight his comments proved correct.


Find this book at Biblio.com



It is sometimes available through Amazon, see the spotlight below, or through Biblio, but if not, then bookfinder.com can give a list of all currently available copies: Click here

The Murder of TSR-2

Amazon Price: $159.34 (as of 05/27/2012)Buy Now
Used Price: $159.34

The definitive history of the TSR2 and its cancellation.

Release Date: 12/31/1969

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Consequences of the project

The politics


The moral of the TSR2 is that brilliance, courage and technological excellence can be defeated by buracracy, government and politics. It is not a story that any government comes off well in, while the design team's efforts are heroic. When the flight team for the second prototype found out it was cancelled (on a public radio programme) they rushed back to try and get her off the ground before she was destroyed. They were refused permission.

One of the consequences was the merger, and effective destruction, of the British Aviation Industry forced by the government of the time when it cancelled TSR2. The other consequence was that future projects such as the Tornado ended up as multi-country projects, largely to ensure that the politics that killed TSR2 could not be repeated.

The technology that designed the TSR2 was destroyed, but the lessons learned went into Concorde. It is hard not to feel the destruction of this aircraft was a crying shame that set not just British but world aviation technology back to the stage where it is still recovering.

To the current date, no plane has been designed likely to out-perform the TSR2. It was an all-round aircraft capable of bombing, interception and reconaissance roles, and in each of those roles it excelled.

For more details: Thunder and Lightings: history of the TSR2

TSR2 Limited edition model

A scale model of the TSR2

Unfortunately this is only available within the UK and Europe, but it is a stunning scale model of the ill-fated aircraft.


Airfix TSR2
Limited Edition Model

Blog Posts about the TSR2

Even now, years after its cancellation, the TSR2 provokes memories and angry responses from some of the people who worked on it.
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A documentary about the TSR2

from Metacafe

This video covers Duncan Sandys' infamous paper that virtually destroyed the British aviation industry and the forced merger of the aviation companies, that left them open to the succeeding government closing them down by killing one contract - that of the TSR2.

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Other Aviation Lenses

More lenses by tirial

I have done a number of other aviation lenses. For a full list please see my lensography at http://www.squidoo.com/tirial.

One of my lenses focuses on the English Electric Lightning, the legendary interceptor, which functioned as a cameraplane for the TSR2 tests - they didn't have anything else that could keep up!
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Photographs of the TSR2

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Important!

Resurrection?

The TSR2 project was nearly restarted in the early 80's, but the miner's strike and Falklands War resulted in this never being implemented.

Another petition was put in to 10 Downing Street on 15th December 2008.

Memorabilia

Items from eBay

For a shortlived project it inspires support in its fans, and a number of TSR2 items regularly appear on eBay. Have a look - you might find some memorabilia, a model, a book or more!
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TSR2 on Flight Simulator

Virtual flights

Flight Simulators for the TS2 are available, although now that Flight Simulator has been dropped, these may soon follow. I have not tested them, but they are included for anyone interested.

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Memories about the TSR2? Any links or resources to share? Something I missed off the lens? Please let me know here!

(Any comments welcome, but if you aren't logged in your comment will go to a moderator.)

  • jadehorseshoe Dec 24, 2011 @ 11:18 pm | delete
    Excellent Lens!
  • Derek Hindley Nov 21, 2011 @ 1:47 pm | delete
    In the early 1960's I was responsible for designing the flight computer for miltary simulators, working for a General Precision Systems in Aylesbury, a derivative of the designers of the Link Trainer. After succesfully installing the Simulator for the Lightning Mk3 test rig at Warton, I moved onto the TSR2 project. Until then all flight simulators had used special prupose analogue computers, and valve technology. The TSR2 spurred us on to the development of a digital computer using a magnetic drum, for which I wrote machine code to reflect the flight test equations defining the TSR2's perormance envelop. The simulator was almost complete and under test when the TSr2 project was cancelled. I have no idea what happened to the simulator, but fortunately, the experience gained in its development was not lost; future simulators all use digital computers for which that for the TSR2 was the forerunner.
  • TSR1989FF Feb 28, 2011 @ 11:56 pm | delete
    Impressive (& detailed) Article, apart from a couple of Typo's ("Interdicter" being "Interdictor" ) i otherwise cannot fault it.
    It's also the first time i've seen my Youtube "Tribute to a Areospace legend" video quoted on another website (not that i mind at all, quite the reverse ; )
  • ruaria Mar 20, 2009 @ 2:30 am | delete
    Such a shame the project was cancelled.

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