Who is Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein (; ; 14 March 1879?18 April 1955) was a theoretical physicist. His many contributions to physics include the special and general theories of relativity, the founding of relativistic cosmology, the first post-Newtonian expansion, explaining the perihelion advance of Mercury, prediction of the deflection of light by gravity and gravitational lensing, the first fluctuation dissipation theorem which explained the Brownian movement of molecules, the photon theory and wave-particle duality, the quantum theory of atomic motion in solids, the zero-point energy concept, the semiclassical version of the Schrödinger equation, and the quantum theory of a monatomic gas which predicted Bose?Einstein condensation.

Einstein is best known for his theories of special relativity and general relativity. He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics ?for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect.?

Einstein published more than 300 scientific and over 150 non-scientific works. His non-scientific works include: About Zionism: Speeches and Lectures by Professor Albert Einstein (1930), ?Why War?? (1933, co-authored by Sigmund Freud), The World As I See It (1934), Out of My Later Years (1950), and a book on science for the general reader, The Evolution of Physics (1938, co-authored by Leopold Infeld). He is often regarded as the father of modern physics., Chapter 2, p. 41

Category: File - :Relativity3 Walk of Ideas Berlin.JPG|400px|right|thumb|3-meter-tall sculpture of Einstein's 1905 E = mc2 formula at the 2006 Walk of Ideas, Berlin, Germany

In physics, mass?energy equivalence is the concept that the mass of a body is a measure of its energy content. The mass of a body as measured on a scale is always equal to the total energy inside, divided by a constant c2 that changes the units appropriately:

::E = mc^2 \,\!

where E is energy, m is mass, and c is the speed of light in a vacuum, which is .

Mass?energy equivalence was proposed in Albert Einstein's 1905 paper, "Does the inertia of a body depend upon its energy-content?", one of his Annus Mirabilis ("Miraculous Year") Papers.. See also the English translation. Einstein was not the first to propose a mass?energy relationship, and various similar formulas appeared before Einstein's theory with incorrect numerical coefficients and an incomplete interpretation. Einstein was the first to propose the simple formula and the first to interpret it correctly: as a general principle which follows from the relativistic symmetries of space and time.

In the formula, c2 is the conversion factor required to convert from Category: :Category - :Units of mass|units of mass to Category: :Category - :Units of energy|units of energy. The formula does not depend on a specific system of units. Using the International System of Units, joules are used to measure energy, kilograms for mass, meters per second for speed. Note that 1 joule equals 1 kg·m2/s2. In unit-specific terms, E (in joules) = m (in kilograms) multiplied by (299,792,458 m/s)2. In natural units, the speed of light is set equal to 1, and the formula becomes an identity.

Albert Einstein (1879?1955) was a renowned theoretical physicist of the 20th century who is best known for his theories of special relativity and general relativity. He also made important contributions to statistical mechanics, especially his treatment of Brownian motion, his resolution of the paradox of specific heats, and his connection of fluctuations and dissipation. Despite his reservations about its interpretation, Einstein also made seminal contributions to quantum mechanics and, indirectly, quantum field theory, primarily through his theoretical studies of the photon.

'Einsteins scientific publications' are listed below in four tables: journal articles, book chapters, books and authorized translations. Each publication is indexed in the first column by its number in the Schilpp bibliography (Albert Einstein: Philosopher-Scientist, pp. 694?730) and by its article number in Einsteins Collected Papers. Complete references for these two bibliographies may be found below in the Bibliography section. The Schilpp numbers are used for cross-referencing in the Notes (the final column of each table), since they cover a greater time period of Einstein's life at present. The English translations of titles are generally taken from the published volumes of the Collected Papers. For some publications, however, such official translations are not available; unofficial translations are indicated with a § superscript. Although the tables are presented in chronological order by default, each table can be re-arranged in alphabetical order for any column by clicking on the arrows at the top of that column. For illustration, to re-order a table by subject?e.g., to group together articles that pertain "General relativity" or "Specific heats"?one need only click on the arrows in the "Classification and Notes" columns. To print out the re-sorted table, the page may be printed directly using the web-browser Print option; the "Printable version" link at the left gives only the default sorting. Collaborative works by Einstein are highlighted in lavender, with the co-author(s) provided in the final column of the table.

Einstein's many non-scientific works are not included here, to limit both the article's focus and size. The division of scientific and non-scientific works follows the Schilpp bibliography, which cites over 130 non-scientific works, often on humanitarian or political topics (pp. 730-746). Five volumes of Einstein's Collected Papers (volumes 1, 5, 8-10) are devoted to his correspondence, much of which is concerned with scientific questions. These letters are likewise not listed here, since they were not prepared for publication.

The Swiss Federal Institute of Intellectual Property (French: Institut Fédéral de la Propriété Intellectuelle, German: Eidgenössisches Institut für Geistiges Eigentum or IGE, Italian: Istituto Federale della Proprietà Intellettuale) is the federal agency in charge of intellectual property matters in Switzerland. Its seat is in Bern. The agency is in charge of patents, trademarks, industrial designs and copyright. Swiss Federal Institute of Intellectual Property, The Institute. Consulted on May 2, 2008.

The Institute was established November 15, 1888. Its official names have been: from 1888 to 1979, the "Federal Office for Intellectual Property", from 1979 to 1996, the "Federal Intellectual Property Agency", and since January 1, 1996, the "Swiss Federal Institute of Intellectual Property" (statutory federal institute with independent legal status). Swiss Federal Institute of Intellectual Property, Einstein - Frequently asked questions. Consulted on May 2, 2008.

Albert Einstein worked from 1902 to 1907 at the Institute, known at that time as the Federal Office for Intellectual Property; it was often casually referred to as "the patent office" at the time. Swiss Federal Institute of Intellectual Property, Einstein at the patent office. Consulted on May 2, 2008.

Dr. Roland Grossenbacher is the current Director of the Swiss Federal Institute of Intellectual Property. Swiss Federal Institute of Intellectual Property, Dr. Roland Grossenbacher. Consulted on May 2, 2008.