Movie vs. History: 'The Other Boleyn Girl'

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Anne and Mary: The Boleyn Girl and the Other Boleyn Girl



How much fact and how much fiction in the movie "The Other Boleyn Girl?" It does a good job of popularizing the Tudor period, and the sets and costuming are beautiful, but whether it is more fact than fiction is debatable. It is true that there are few facts known about Anne Boleyn's early life, and even fewer about her sister Mary, but this movie manages to contradict most of those that are known.

This lens addresses only the places where the movie version contradicts the known or widely-agreed-upon facts. It is not a comprehensive history, nor a review of the book.

Was Mary Boleyn a Simple Country Girl?

The movie shows Mary desiring a quiet country life, devoted to her new husband.

In reality, Mary Boleyn lived in France for several of her teen years, at court in attendance on Mary Tudor (wife of Louis XII and sister of Henry VIII) and on Queen Claude (wife of Francis I after Louis's death). She was reputed to have had several affairs at the French court, possibly with King Francis himself.

Mary was recalled by her father to England in 1519, possibly because of her promiscuous behavior, and became a maid of honor to Catherine of Aragon, Henry's queen. Mary wed Sir William Carey, a notable courtier (not a simple merchant as portrayed in the movie), in 1520. King Henry attended their wedding. She became Henry's mistress very soon after her marriage, and there is no indication that she was unwilling.

Mary Boleyn, unknown artist

Who Was Older, Anne or Mary?

The movie shows Anne being the oldest Boleyn child.

We don't know for sure, but most likely Anne was younger. Anne and Mary were at the French court during an overlapping period, though the dates when each first came to France are sketchy. It is known that Mary returned to England first, to be married, in 1519. Anne did not return to England for her own marriage until 1522.

ALLPOSTERS.COM - 'Anne Boleyn'
Mary's earlier marriage is very strong evidence for her being eldest. In those days, younger sisters just were not married off before elder sisters. Girls had no choice but were contracted in marriage to increase family status; as the eldest girl had the most status, she was always married off first.

Also, in 1596 Mary's grandson claimed the family title of Ormonde, based on the fact that Mary was older than Anne (since their brother George died without children). In the absence of male heirs, the title would go to the eldest sister and her children, so it would have been claimed by Elizabeth as Anne's child, had Anne been older than Mary.




"Anne Boleyn"
Available at AllPosters.com

Did Anne Try to Win Henry's Favor First?

The movie shows Anne's anger that Mary won Henry's interest.

Anne was sent abroad in 1513, and was twelve or possibly younger at the time. Girls were usually sent to court at age twelve or thirteen, but her first patron, the Archduchess Margaret of Austria, commented several times on her "youthful age." In 1514, Anne was sent to France to attend first Queen Mary, then Queen Claude.

Anne remained at the French court for nearly seven years, returning to England only in 1522, two years after Mary's wedding to William Carey and her subsequent affair with King Henry.

The Other Boleyn Girl Book & DVD

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Was Mary the First Mistress of King Henry?

The movie shows Henry being devoted to Catherine until the Boleyns came along.

King Henry is known to have taken Bessie Blount, an unmarried woman who served as maid of honor to Catherine, as his mistress in 1514, years before Mary Boleyn. He acknowledged her son Henry Fitzroy, born in 1519, as his son. "Fitzroy" means "son of the king." Henry honored his illegitimate son with the title of Duke of Richmond and Somerset.

Henry was known to be unfaithful to his established mistresses as well as to his wives.




"Portrait of Henry FitzRoy"
by Hans Holbein the Younger, circa 1525

Was Mary's Son Fathered by King Henry?

The movie shows no doubt that Henry fathered Mary's son.

Possibly. Her affair with Henry ended in mid-1525, and her son was born in early March 1526. His resemblance to Henry was remarked upon, and he was widely assumed to be the king's son. However, Henry never acknowledged him so there is doubt.

Henry had acknowledged Bessie Blount's illegitimate son so the fact that he did not claim Mary's son argues against it. But there are reasons he might not have: (1) Bessie Blount was unmarried, so there was no other claimant to be the father, while Mary had a husband who could have been the father and gave the boy a legitimate name. (2) Henry was in love with Anne and may have felt awkward acknowledging a son by her sister.

Queen Elizabeth granted her cousin-possibly-brother the title
Lord Hunsdon late in his life.

"Henry Carey, Lord Hunsdon"
by Mark Gerards

Did Anne Secretly Wed Henry Percy?

The movie depicts a wedding and a wedding night.

No. She did enter into a secret betrothal with him, which was broken off when his father refused to support it. It is unlikely that their relationship was consummated.

Did King Henry Trust Mary Over Anne?

The movie shows Henry calling on Mary to attest to Anne's character.

ALLPOSTERS.COM - 'Anne Boleyn'
Absolutely not. In fact, when Mary's first husband William Carey died in 1528, Henry promptly gave guardianship of two-year-old Henry Carey (who may have been his son) to Anne. Henry's surviving love letters to Anne indicate that he was worried about Mary's "easy virtue" (meaning she was promiscuous) and that is why he made Anne the guardian of her nephew. The child was raised at court under Anne's care.








"Anne Boleyn"
by Hans Holbein the Younger
Available at AllPosters.com

A Ten-Year Relationship

The movie really lacks a sense
of the passage of time.
Henry courted Anne
for SEVEN years;
they were married
for THREE years
before she was beheaded.

Did Henry Despise Anne by the Time of Their Wedding?

In the movie Henry never smiled at Anne once he agreed to annul his marriage.

Anne and Henry had a long courtship and a short affair before their three-year marriage. Henry first became attracted to Anne in 1526. They did not wed until seven years later in 1533. He was devoted to her for many years despite (or perhaps because of) the fact that they did not have a sexual relationship for most of that time. All evidence - including Henry's love letters to Anne - indicate that they did not have a sexual relationship until shortly before their wedding, King Henry VIII Meets Anne Boleyn, 1527when Anne became pregnant with Elizabeth.

He certainly began to lose interest in her sometime around her first or second miscarriage. His worry that she would only bear him a daughter as Catherine had, and the knowledge that he had already weathered one very messy and unpopular shed-a-wife scandal, led him to think of replacing her with another wife as well.


"King Henry VIII Meets Anne Boleyn, 1527"
Available at AllPosters.com

Did Anne Force Henry to Leave Catherine?

The movie showed Anne pushing for annulment or divorce.

This is true, at least partially. Anne certainly refused to get into his bed until he could marry her. However, it is also true that Henry was already obsessed with having a male heir and very distressed by Catherine's failure to produce a living son. Catherine was six or seven years older than Henry and suffered several miscarriages, still-births, and two short-lived sons. She also bore him Mary, who would later become Queen of England as the famous Bloody Mary.

By 1529, the doctors declared that Catherine (about age 42) would have no more children. Henry, who had studied for the priesthood at one point, began to reflect on the verses from Leviticus stating that a man who took his brother's wife would be childless. At this point, Henry was also becoming ALLPOSTERS.COM: Portrait, Possibly Catherine of Aragon
more and more enamoured of Anne Boleyn. It is possible that he had considered annulment before Anne's arrival, since he was obsessed with the idea of having a male heir. Anne's resistance to his overtures only strengthened his resolve to dissolve his first marriage.

The pope stalled on granting an annulment, and Anne stalled on getting into Henry's bed. Catherine was banished in 1531 and Anne installed in her rooms in the palace. Sometime between 1531 and 1533, Anne and Henry began a sexual relationship. Anne was soon pregnant, and Henry again had hopes of an heir. He declared his marriage null on the grounds that Catherine had been his brother's wife and therefore the marriage was unlawful, and he married Anne in secret in 1533. The break with the Catholic church was inevitable after that.

"Portrait of a Woman, Possibly Catherine of Aragon"
Available at AllPosters.com

Was Catherine's Marriage to Henry Legal?

Catherine claimed her first marriage to Arthur did not include a physical relationship.

Catherine of Aragon married Henry's elder brother Prince Arthur in 1501. She was 16; Arthur was 15 and extremely sickly. Arthur died less than six months after their wedding of the sweating sickness. ALLPOSTERS.COM: 'Marriage Trial of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon'
Catherine claimed from the very start that they had had no physical relations and that she was therefore free to wed Henry, which is likely true. Marriage to a brother's wife was illegal, and to be on the safe side the Pope granted them a dispensation (special permission) to marry.

"The Trial of the Marriage Between Henry VIII
and Catherine of Aragon Which Ends in Divorce"
Available at AllPosters.com

Other Movies About Henry VIII and His Women

Henry VIII and His Six Wives

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Did Anne Have a Miscarriage After the Birth of Elizabeth?

The movie shows Anne having a miscarriage and soon afterward losing her head.

She had at least TWO miscarriages or stillbirths and possibly more in the three years after Elizabeth's birth. She must have been desperate to produce an heir; the king already had the idea of discarding a wife who could not produce one; Catherine had died so there would be no more trouble from the Pope upon Henry's remarriage. After the miscarriage of a four-month fetus that appeared to be a boy, the royal marriage foundered. Anne's enemies at court were fanning the king's interest in Jane Seymour, who was installed in quarters as his mistress and eventually became his next wife. Anne was not beheaded until her daughter Elizabeth was about three years old, however.

"Anne Boleyn in the Tower, Detail, 1835"
Available from AllPosters.com

Of What Was Anne Guilty?

Anne was accused of incest in the movie.

In addition to being charged with incest with her brother, Anne was charged with adultery with several men and with high treason in the form of plotting with one of her lovers to kill the king. For a woman clever enough to unseat a crowned queen and get herself crowned instead, it seems unlikely at best. Anne was certainly bent on giving the king an heir and must have been intensely aware that her future well-being rested on her ability to do so.
Anne Boleyn Charged with
The charges of incest with her brother George are merely ludicrous, with no evidence that they were anything but trumped up to give the king an excuse to get rid of her. Likewise there seems to have been no actual evidence of adultery, and most historians agree that the charges of treason were manufactured as an excuse to kill her, since adultery was not a capital crime.

Some believe that Anne's downfall and the travesty of a trial was engineered by Cromwell, others by Henry. What almost no historian believes is that Anne was actually guilty of committing any of her alleged crimes and given a fair trial. Guilty of pride, ruthlessness, and overreaching ambition that eventually became her downfall, certainly.

"Anne Boleyn, Charged with 'Criminal Intercourse'
by Henry, is Taken to the Tower of London"
Available at AllPosters.com

Did the Duke of Norfolk Rule Against Anne?

The movie shows her uncle pronouncing judgment against Anne.

ALLPOSTERS.COM - 'Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk'
The Duke of Norfolk is probably the most historically accurate figure in the entire movie.

Yes, Anne and George's uncle, the Duke of Norfolk, pronounced the judgment of the court against them and sealed their sentence of death. George and the four other men accused of adultery with Anne were beheaded at Tower Hill. Anne was granted a private execution.

After the death of Anne's successor Jane Seymour, Norfolk pandered another of his nieces, the teenaged Catherine Howard, to the now-48-year-old king. She became Henry's mistress and later his fourth wife.



"Thomas Howard, Third Duke of Norfolk,
Wearing the Order Collar of the Garter"
Available from AllPosters.com

Did Mary Intervene on Behalf of Her Siblings?

The movie shows Mary pleading with the king and visiting Anne.

Mary did not visit either of her siblings in prison. There is no evidence that she wrote to them or communicated in any way; certainly she did not approach King Henry on Anne's behalf. It is known that her second husband was overlooked when Henry was passing out favors to Anne's male relatives, and she tried to seek Henry's favor for her husband through highly placed people at court, not by approaching him directly. Henry had already removed her son (and possibly his) from her custody, when her first husband died, and given him into Anne's custody. There is plenty of evidence that Mary had absolutely no influence with the king.

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  • Reply
    joannspears Nov 16, 2011 @ 3:50 pm | delete
    This is a great lens! The subject is dear to my heart even though I haven't seen "The Other Boleyn Girl". My upcoming novel, Six of One, is a comic riff on the Tudor legend. Feel free t check out the preview blog at http://annboleyn.sixofone.biz/
  • Reply
    Vanessa Nov 14, 2011 @ 7:50 am | delete
    Both the book and the movie were grossly inaccurate. It depicts Mary's parents as devoid of affection for their daughters, and eager to use both as sexual pawns for political gain, Anne as cold, vindictive, ruthlessly ambitious, vain and given to physical violence. None of the aforementioned points have any historical basis. As to Anne Boleyn taking on Mary's son as her ward after the death of his father and supplying him with an education was a common practice in the Tudor nobility and one very similar to the situation faced by dozens of young aristocratic children, including Anne and Mary's cousin, Katherine Howard, who was raised by her grandmother when her father was penniless. Anne's actions are usually seen as kind by contemporaries and historians, but the novel and movie re-imagines it both as a cruel act and as an adoption in the modern sense, in which the child's caretakers are considered his legal and social parents. Actually, Anne secured Mary a highly respectable pension of £100 a year. These are just fabrications made by the author, Philippa Gregory. For those fans who would argue that this was historical FICTION and therefore liberties are allowed to be taken with the characters and the plot. However, Gregory has so far refused to admit that most of her works are simply fiction. Instead, she argues that she is an actual historian and her books are all based in fact. This has also led young readers to believe in the numerous fabrications, such as the assumption that Anne Boleyn had slept with her brother (as mentioned above) and that she had three miscarriages. Besides, the argument that part of the reason Anne was executed was because of her political and religious leanings, which her brother shared and supported was also ignored by Gregory.

    Enough said about the novel, we move on to the movie. For starters it actually omits certain parts of the plot present in the novel, resulting in an even further departure from history. For example, William Carey's death scene was cut from the movie. Therefore, when Mary married William Stafford and retired to the countryside, many members of the audience were scratching their heads and saying, ? But I thought that she was still married?? Also, as mentioned above as well, even the book, full of inaccuracies, depict an unwilling Mary acceding to William (Stafford's) demand for her not to go to court and give evidence for Anne and George. The movie shows Mary, always the angel, risking her life to plead for her sister Anne. Also, Anne was definitely much more composed and dignified before her death than was portrayed. Perhaps a weeping, trembling Anne was intended to instill sympathy in the audience, especially for Mary's loss of a beloved sister? This was yet another disgusting attempt to make Mary out to be the saint she never was and the evil-beyond-repair Anne to seem guilty of her crimes. For, if she had been innocent (in the movie) surely she would have at least tried to appear dignified so as to prove her innocence and fearlessness of Henry and death, given her character in the movie.

    All in all, the characters of The Other Boleyn Girl proved to be extremely shallow and one-sided if not historically inaccurate: Anne absolutely evil and Mary extremely saintly and angelic in both thoughts and deed. I would suggest that everyone should read a decent biography of Anne Boleyn. Even The Tudors, which I am not crazy about, is more historically accurate than both novel and movie by about a hundredfold.
  • Reply
    Lisa Oct 8, 2011 @ 7:37 pm | delete
    I enjoyed reading The Other Boleyn Girl until the end when Gregory stated that what she wrote is the true history. After that I was disgusted because it was no longer a fun historical fiction, but a book full of untruths. I highly rec everyone read Alison Weir's biography on Mary Boleyn.
  • Reply
    getbackup Jun 28, 2011 @ 6:38 pm | delete
    Great lens! I'm obsessed about the topic! I did like the romantic nature of the Other Boleyn sister. Just read the six wives of henry the VIII, good book. Now ready Elizabeth & Mary. One of my favorite lenses. Thumbs up!
  • Reply
    NYThroughTheLens Apr 22, 2011 @ 7:01 pm | delete
    I love this lens. Historical accuracy really gets me when I see film/tv pieces that attempt to cover this period (like The Tudors...oh boy). This was really informative and well-written.
  • Reply
    Sylvestermouse Feb 6, 2011 @ 10:17 am | delete
    This is an excellent article! I have to admit, I did not truly become interested in the facts until I saw the movie and questioned the historical accuracy. I hate it when someone takes real people and fabricate tales about them. Personally, I believe people and life are intriguing enough without revisionist history. I have no problem with fictional characters. I simply do not like the idea of real people being depicted inaccurately in any form of entertainment. Thank you for taking the time to set the record straight.
  • Reply
    Lucia von Toman Jan 30, 2011 @ 7:22 am | delete
    If you study the Tudor history fo a certain time, you should understand that Anne Boleyn was a very special queen. She was obviously intelligent, kind and pious. Not a frivolous and promiscuous at all as The other Boleyn girl describes her. I admire Queen Anne Boleyn because ahe was a very intelligent and educated woman. As the only queen consort in history, she was crowned with St. Edward's crown (as only queens and kings regnat were) and appart of her husband - this means that Henry trusted her so much that he made her his Queen regnant and she reigned and controlled politics with him. Some time before, Henry had made her Marquess of Pembroke, which was a very high title. She was the very first woman in history to enter peerage and gain a title in her own right. She even used to give 100, 000 pounds for charity and the poor every year (if you take into account that average peers got 100 pounds annualy, it is quite a lot). Anne brought the reformation to England and believed taht God sent her to do it. Then her daughter Elizabeth went on to become the most perfect Queen that england has ever had and built a very strong Kingdom on the basements that Anne laid. And England has prospered till these days.
    Anne Boleyn was actually a great Queen and none of the evil creatures that Mrs Gregory describes in her books. I believe the true history and not the fictive novels. What about you? :)
  • Reply
    LissaKlar Jan 12, 2011 @ 11:14 pm | delete
    I'm inclined to think that Catherine was in love with Prince Arthur. They had no evidence to prove they had relations, though, I thought. And was George homosexual? They don't really say anything about this in the movie, but they do in the book.
  • Reply
    Desilegend Nov 27, 2010 @ 5:31 am | delete
    Loved the movie. Thanks for sharing the acts with us!
  • Reply
    Marelisa Nov 25, 2010 @ 12:51 pm | delete
    I did not watch the movie, but I read the book and I absolutely loved it. The book is very thick, but I read it in one weekend because I just couldn't stop reading. I also watched the TV show "The Tudors" from beginning to end. Now I'm thinking of going to Blockbusters and seeing if they have this movie (that's how good this lens is). :-)
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tandemonimom

Carma enjoys history and historical fiction, as long as it doesn't flout known facts. She has a special spot in her heart for the Tudors. more »

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