Brain Hemorrhage
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Bleeding inside the skull
Brain hemorrhage occurs when the blood vessels in the brain rupture and bleed into the brain tissue or cavity. The location of the bleed determines the type of hemorrhage a person has. It also determines the necessary treatment and prognosis.
Hypertension and aneurysms are the top causes of non-traumatic brain hemorrhages, both of which are treatable and preventable to some extent.
Keep reading to learn more about the types of brain hemorrhages, as well as treatments and survivability.
Hypertension and aneurysms are the top causes of non-traumatic brain hemorrhages, both of which are treatable and preventable to some extent.
Keep reading to learn more about the types of brain hemorrhages, as well as treatments and survivability.
Contents at a Glance
Types of brain hemorrhage
- Intracerebral - Inside the brain tissue
- Subdural - Between the meninges (i.e. membranes)
- Epidural - Between the dura mater and skull
Intraparenchymal hemorrhage
Bleeding with the tissue of the brain
Causes
The types of hemorrhage may have different causes
- Hypertension - Consistently high blood pressure can weaken the blood vessels, leaving them vulnerable to aneurysms. Hypertension is the main cause of intracerebral hemorrhage
- Trauma - Blows the head can cause the fragile vessels of the brain to break, resulting in bleeds, usually subdural or epidural hemorrhage
- Congenital anomalies - blood vessel defects that a person is born with can lead to aneurysms and restricted blood flow that weaken tissue and result in bleeds
- Aneurysm - Tears in the blood vessel are the main cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage, but aneurysms are also the driving factor caused by other risk factors
The fragile blood vessels on the underside of the brain
Symptoms
The symptoms of hemorrhage vary based on the location and extent of the bleed, and they may mimic stroke because of the lack of blood flow to areas of the brain downstream of the bleed.
- Seizures without a history of seizure
- Sudden severe headache
- Numbness, weakness, or tingling in the limbs
- Sudden nausea or vomiting
- Loss of coordination
- Vision changes - blurry, blindness, double-vision
- Loss of consciousness
- In the presence of trauma - pain, soreness, and changes in skin color could indicate a skull fracture
More information
Consequences of hemorrhage
The pressure exerted on the brain can cause brain injury, which limits recovery options in many patients.
- Post traumatic stress
- Studies have found that brain hemorrhage survivors are at an increase risk of PTSD
- Recurrent stroke
- Patients who have recovered from intracerebral hemorrhage tend to have recurrent hemorrhages or stroke due to other damage from the hypertension that caused the first event.
- Brain damage as a result of traumatic brain injury (TBI)
- Traumatic brain injury, commonly known by its acronym TBI, is a type of internal injury sustained from head trauma, which may also cause hemorrhage.
- Role of the NMDA receptor in brain injury
- NMDA receptors are a type of glutamate receptor in the brain. They have been found to play a role in the neurological damage that occurs after a stroke, which may be caused by hemorrhage.
Brain hemorrhage survivors can seek help from the various subgroups of the trauma survivors network
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About Me
by AliciaMae
Hello! My name is Alicia. I have a PhD in Experimental Pathology, and am a freelance writer and editor specializing in scientific manuscripts and public... more »
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