Charcot Marie Tooth Disease

The neuropathy of CMT affects both motor and sensory nerves. A typical feature includes weakness of the foot and lower leg muscles, which may result in foot drop and a high-stepped gait with frequent tripping or falls.

Foot deformities, such as high arches and hammertoes (a condition in which the middle joint of a toe bends upwards) are also characteristic due to weakness of the small muscles in the feet. In addition, the lower legs may take on an "inverted champagne bottle" appearance due to the loss of muscle bulk. Some may need to rely on foot or leg braces or other orthopedic devices to maintain mobility.

Later in the disease, weakness and muscle atrophy may occur in the hands, resulting in difficulty with fine motor skills.

Onset of symptoms is most often in adolescence or early adulthood, however presentation may be delayed until mid-adulthood. The severity of symptoms is quite variable in different patients and even among family members with the disease.

Symptoms and progression of the disease can vary. Breathing can be affected in some; as can hearing, vision, and the neck and shoulder muscles. Scoliosis is common, and hip sockets can be malformed.

Gastrointestinal problems can be part of CMT, as can chewing, swallowing, and speaking (as vocal cords atrophy). A tremor can develop as muscles waste.

Pregnancy has been known to exacerbate CMT, as well as extreme emotional stress.

There is no cure for CMT. However; physical therapy, occupational therapy, braces and other orthopedic devices, and even orthopedic surgery can help patients cope with the disabling symptoms of the disease.

The Charcot-Marie-Tooth Association classifies the chemotherapy drug Vincristine as a "definite high risk" and states that "Vincristine has been proven hazardous and should be avoided by all CMT patients, including those with no symptoms."

In addition to Vincristine, there are other medications that can exacerbate CMT symptoms.

Medication Alert