Chile Peppers - Seeds and Growing

Ranked #4,221 in Home & Garden, #51,463 overall

From seeds to the dinner table

This lens is a companion to my Chile Peppers lens. The purpose of this lens is to provide specific Chile Pepper planting and growing information, along with being a resource for purchasing a peck of pepper seeds.

There are several lenses in the growing Chile Pepper series. I hope you will take time to visit the main lens for lots of Chile Pepper information and lore, and some of the other lenses as well for cooking and decorative items. Happy growing!

Growing Chile Peppers

An overview from the Chile Peppers lens

Lemons and Dried Red Peppers for Sale as Local Produce on the Amalfi Coast in Ravello, Italy available through AllPosters

Planting and growing chile peppers is both fun and rewarding because you get to eat "the fruits of your labor." Peppers are easy to grow if you get the right kind for your climate.

You can start peppers from seed, or you can buy seedlings from your local garden center in the spring. Buying seedlings can give you a good start on the growing season, but typically there are fewer choices of pepper varieties.

When you start from seeds, you should check the date on the packet to make sure the seeds are fresh. Purchasing seeds at a local garden center or by mail will give you the opportunity to try more different varieties.

You will need to consider the length of the growing season and the humidity where you live when choosing which peppers to grow. If you live in a cooler northern climate, you might choose to grow a Hungarian Wax Yellow pepper. In the desert southwest, jalapeno peppers grow well. In humid areas, try habaneros.

Seed catalogs come out in the middle of winter. Seed catalogs are an excellent source of information on each pepper variety. Take time to read about all the varieties and make plans for your spring garden.

Pepper plants come in many different sizes. Thai peppers are usually very small, while aji amarillo pepper plants grow to be quite tall.

Carefully follow the directions that come with your seedlings or seeds concerning how far apart to plant your peppers. Peppers need lots of sun and good air flow around them to be very healthy.

Scoville Units

How hot is hot?

Still Life with Red Chili Peppers and Black Beans, available through AllPosters

The heat of a chile pepper can be measured in Scoville Heat Units, which is a scale developed by a pharmacist named Wilber Scoville, in 1912. Testing was originally done by special people who tasted the pepper diluted with water, but testing is now done in a lab with high tech equipment.

Anaheim Pepper Seeds

Scoville Rating of 500 to 2,500 Scoville Units

Anaheim Peppers are a mild chile pepper. A farmer named Emilio Ortega introduced these peppers to the Anaheim, California area in the early 1900's. They are sometimes called California peppers.
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Getting Started

Start pepper seeds indoors at 8-10 weeks before your area's last average day of frost.

Bhut Jolokia Pepper Seeds and plants

The World's Hottest Pepper

The Bhut Jolokia, also known as the Naga Jolokia, Ghost Chile, Ghost Pepper, and Naga Morris was certified in 2007 by The Guiness Book of World Records to be the world's hottest pepper. The Bhut Jolokia has a Scoville rating of between 855,000-1,050,000. It is much hotter when grown in a humid environment than it is when grown in an arid environment.
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Germination

Chile seeds germinate in soil temperatures of 75 to 90 degrees F. [20 to 35C] If you are starting them indoors, you will likely need to use a heating pad to warm the soil sufficiently.

Cayenne Pepper Seeds

Scoville Rating of 30,000 to 50,000 Scoville Units

Cayenne peppers prefer a warm, moist, and nutrient rich environment, and mature in approximately 100 days.
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Habanero Pepper Seeds

Scoville Rating of 100,000 to 350,000 Scoville Units

Habaneros prefer a hot climate, and should be watered only when dry. Full sun and soil acidity of 5-6 Ph is ideal. Habaneros are perennials in very warm climates or when used in a container garden that can be moved away from the cold.
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Don't Eat Them All

Remember to save a couple of ripe peppers from each type you want to use the following year. Hang them up in a dry place to dry out and save the seeds. A single habanero has 100-150 seeds, so you won't need to save too many.

More Habanero Pepper Seeds

Also Scotch Bonnets

Scotch Bonnet Peppers are of the same species as habanero peppers, but with a distinctly different flavor. Scotch Bonner peppers are native to the Carribbean islands, and are responsible for the flavor and heat found in Jerk dishes.
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World's Record That's REALLY Hot

An Englishman named Babak Hakimian holds the Guiness World's Record for eating 314 Habaneros in one minute!

Hungarian Wax Pepper Seeds

Scoville Rating of 2,500 to 8,000 Scoville Units

Also called Paprika, Hungarian Wax Peppers come in several shapes and colors. They are unusually high in vitamin C, and are partially responsible for Albert Szent-Gyorgyi's winning of the Nobel Prize in 1937. Read more about this in the lens, Chile Peppers.
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Jalapeno Pepper Seeds

Scoville Rating of 2,500 to 8,000 Scoville Units

Jalapeno Pepper plants average 2-3 feet tall, and yield approximately 25 to 35 jalapenos per plant. Plants mature in about 70 to 80 days. They are great peppers to stuff and grill. See pepper grills at our lens, Hot Chile Pepper Products for Cooking.
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Chipotles

Chipotle peppers are actually smoke dried jalapeno peppers.

Poblano Pepper Seeds

Scoville Rating of 500 to 2,500 Scoville Units

Poblano Peppers are very mild in heat. When dried, they are called Ancho Peppers. They are frequently stuffed, and are frequently prepared for Mexican Independance Day celebrations as Chiles en Nogada. You can read more about this dish and see recipes at the Chile Pepper lens.
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Relleno Chile Seeds

Relleno is the Spanish word for "stuffed." Chiles Rellenos is generally made with poblano or Anaheim peppers.
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Warm My Roots

Make sure your outside ground temperature is 65F before transplanting out peppers. They do not do well if transplanted into cold soil.

Serrano Pepper Seeds

Scoville Rating of 10,000%u201323,000 Scoville Units

Serrano Peppers originated in the mountainous regions of Puebla and Hidalgo, Mexico. Serrano peppers are very meaty, and as such do not dry well.
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Teach Kids to Love Peppers

With this easy to use curriculum

Fun,, informative, and easy, this Chile Pepper Unit Study is great in the classroom or for homeschoolers. Available as an instant download through Payloadz, it requires no preparation on the part of the teacher the way some unit studies do. Worksheets are built in and easily reproduced. Written by yours truly [AKA Alma Friddle-Ponder or Natalie Schorr] for my own children when I was homeschooling them. Elementary level.

Tabasco Pepper Seeds

Scoville Rating of 30,000 to 50,000 Scoville Units

The Tabasco Pepper is best know for its use in Tabasco Sauce.
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Thai Pepper Seeds

Scoville Rating of 50,000%u2013100,000 Scoville Units

Thai Peppers are found in Thailand, Vietnam, Malasia, Indonesia, Phillipines, Singapore, and India. They are very small, but extremely hot.
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Pepper Spray

Law enforcement grade pepper spray ranks 500,000-5,300,000 Scoville Units.

Unusual and Rare Varieties of Pepper Seeds

Scoville Rating of 50,000 and 100,000 Scoville Units

Chiltepin Peppers are also called Tepin Peppers. They grow wild in the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America. Their heat is described as "violent," meaning that it is very sudden and intense, but thankfully short-lived.
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More Hard to Find Pepper Varieties

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Perennial Peppers

Peppers can be grown in containers and brought indoors over the winter months. They may lose their leaves, but should re-grow nicely the following spring.

Other Unusual Pepper Varieties

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Variety Packets of Pepper Seeds

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Bell Peppers

Bell Peppers rank a zero on the Scoville scale, meaning they have no heat at all.

Other Lenses in the Chile Pepper Series

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Hot or Not?

What do you think?

  • JoshK47 May 9, 2012 @ 10:01 am | delete
    Excellent work on this lens - thanks for sharing! Blessed by a SquidAngel!
  • tslizzy Apr 24, 2012 @ 8:12 am | delete
    nice page....it has come in handy. was trying to grow jalapenos.hope they will do well
  • joydeepdam Apr 18, 2012 @ 3:41 pm | delete
    very nice read, with some excellent information. i myself grow hot chili and ususally i use paper towel method to germinate and then put them in a yogurt cup and place them either in a warm place like top of modem...do you grow any super hot chili?.....cheers from germany
  • mywyomingadventure Apr 18, 2012 @ 9:25 am | delete
    This is my first year growing jalapenos. I planted from seed and they are about 5 weeks old now and doing great. After reading your lens, I'm hoping they survive because I live in Wyoming, not the desert southwest.
  • jimmyworldstar Dec 4, 2011 @ 10:01 am | delete
    Thanks for the lens. My wife grows habaneros and jalapenos in our backyard. They're pretty hardy for our climate and we just crush and dry the rest that we don't use. I've heard of the Ghost Chili and I know for sure I wouldn't want to get any of that in my eyes when handling it!
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I am a writer, artist, and designer living in beautiful McLeansville, NC. I received my BFA from the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, and my... more »

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