Cleopatra Biography

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Cleopatra Biography

Cleopatra Biography - Queen Cleopatra of Egypt

Last ruler of the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt.

Born: 69 B.C. Birthplace: Egypt

Died: 30 B.C. (Suicide, possibly by snake)

Daughter of Ptolemy XII Auletes.  Cleopatra's mother was probably Auletes's sister, Cleopatra V Tryphaena. (It was commonplace for members of the Ptolemaic dynasty to marry their siblings.) and named Cleopatra VII Philopator (her full name)

Brother/Sister: Elder sister Cleopatra VI, older sister Berenice, younger sister Arsinoe, two younger brothers Ptolemy (Ptolemy XIII and Ptolemy XIV)

Family was not really Egyptian but Macedonian (descended from Ptolemy I general of Alexander the Great. Ptolemy I became King of Egypt in 323 BC after Alexander's death)

Best Known As:  The famously alluring Queen of Egypt and for her two lovers Caesar and Marc Antony

Philosopher Blaise Pascal made the famous remark that "Cleopatra's nose, had it been shorter, the whole face of the world would have been changed."

Cleopatra Biography Timeline 

Ruled with: her two brother-husbands, Ptolemy XIII (r. 51 - 47) and Ptolemy XIV (r. 47 - 44). She made them murder. And with her son Ptolemy XV (or Caesarion, the son whom she claimed she has had with Julius Caesar,r. 44 - 30).

In 58 BC Ptolemy XII (weak and cruel ruler) fled to Rome and Berenice took the throne. Married Archelaus (after having her first husband strangled). During her reign Cleopatra VI died in strange conditions.

In 55 BC Ptolemy XII reclaimed hi throne. Berenice and her husband were killed.

Cleopatra VII was then the pharaoh's oldest child. When Ptolemy XII died in 51 BC, Cleopatra and Ptolemy XIII (her brother) inherited the throne.

She was 17 when she became queen of Egypt. She was not at all beautiful but she had a lot of charisma and was very intelligent (spoke 9 languages and the first of the Ptolemy to speak Egyptian).

In 48 BC a conspiration (led by a Eunuch named Pothinus) forced Cleopatra to go into exile in Syria.

Wanted to regain her throne. Amassed an army on Egypt's border.

Became Caesar's lover in 48 BC.

Alexandria's war lasted 6 months. Pothinus was killed in battle. Ptolemy XIII drowned in the Nile. Cleopatra was restored to her throne.

In 46 BC Caesar invited Cleopatra to Rome. Lived there for about 2 years.

On March 15, 44BC Caesar (at a Senate meeting) was stabbed to death by some conspirators. Cleopatra was in Rome at this time. Returned to Egypt: install her son on the throne.

Anarchy and civil war in Rome. Empire divided between 3 men: Caesar's great-nephew Octavian,Marcus Lepidus and Marcus Antonius.

In 42 BC Marcus Antonius summoned Cleopatra to Tarsus (today Turkey). Was like Caesar charmed and
they became lovers.

In 46 BC Marcus Antonius married Cleopatra.

In 31 BC Marcus Antonius's forces fought the Romans in a sea battle off the coast of Actium, Greece and lost.

In 30 BC Marcus Antonius killed himself (stabbed himself in the stomach) and Cleopatra was found with two pricks on her arms (she let herself be bitten by an asp,a kind of poisonous snake).As she had wished, she was buried beside Marc Antonius.

Cleopatra Biography - The Video 

Cleopatra VII Queen of Egypt - SLAVIC QUEEN OF EGYPT??

Runtime: 1:22 | 111446 views | 77 Comments

 

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