Depression Treatment Program

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Information for depression treatment

Depression refers to sadness feeling deeply, that happen after losing beloved person or others sadness events, but doesn't comparable with it, and felt more than normal time continuously. Actually, approximately 10% of people who visit psychiatry for their psychic's complaint are having depression. It is already arising at 20, 30 or 40 years old.

Depression episodes are always happen as long as 6 - 9 months, but at 15 - 20% of patients are able to happen until 2 years or more. It having tendency to relapse as much as many times. Situational depression is depression that happens after having traumatic event, such as: grieving. Holiday blues is depression that happens in holiday time or celebrates something, having characteristic temporarily. Endogenous depression is depression with unknown cause clearly.

Cause of depression 

Causes of depression aren't known clearly. But, many factors can causing people are having tendencies to depression:
- Genetic factor
- Side effects of specific drugs
- Introvert personality
- Emotional event (especially losing event)

Depression can happen or be worsen without stress life that really or worthy.

Women are two times more easy to depression, although its reason is unknown clearly. Mental health research shows, women are having tendencies to give respond towards suffering by close off from social network and blame herself. On the other hand, men are having tendencies to refusing and divert it to many activities.

Biological factor that much involved is hormonal factor. The changing of hormone level at woman is having important role; changing mood can happen awhile before menstruating (pre-menstruation strain) and after childbirth (post-partum depression). The similar of hormone level change also can happen at the depression woman who used contraception. Thyroid function disorders that almost happen at women, are also having role played of depression.

Depression also can happen because or together with many physical disorders or diseases. The physical disorders that can affect depression are:
A. Direct,
For example: when thyroid disorder is affecting the hormonal level change, which can cause depression.
B. Indirect,
For example: when arthritis rheumatoid causing pain and physical handicap, that can cause depression.
C. There are also physical disorders that causing depression directly and indirectly. Such as: AIDS; it can causing depression directly if virus is damaging the brain, and causing depression indirectly if arising negative effect towards the sufferer life.

Many drugs prescription, especially for overcome hypertension is causing depression.

Many mental disorders can cause depression (such as; anxiety, alcoholic, nicotinic, and others abuses, schizophrenia and early stadium of dementia).

 

Physical disorders that cause depression :
  • Side effects of drugs,
    Amphetamine, Anti-psychos drugs, Beta blocker, Cimetidin, Contraception pills, Cyclocerine, Indometachin, Quicksilver, Metildopa, Reserpine, Thallium, Vincristine,Vinblastine.
  • Infection,
    AIDS, Influenza, mononucleosis, syphilis (acute stadium), TBC, hepatitis and pneumonia virus.
  • Hormonal disorders,
    Addison disorders, Cushing syndrome, hyperparathyroidism, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, hypopituitarism.
  • Tissue syndrome,
    Arthritis rheumatoid, lupus eritematosus systemic.
  • Neurological disorders,
    Brain tumor, head injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson, apnea sleep, stroke, temporal lobe epilepsy.
  • Malnutrition,
    Pellagra (deficit of vitamin B6), Anemia pernicious (deficit of vitamin B12).
  • Cancer,
    Stomach cancer (ovarian and large intestine), Cancer that spread to whole body.

Symptom of depression 

Depression symptoms are arises step by step as long as many days or weeks. Patient looks calm and sad or sensitive and anxious.

  1. At vegetative depression, patient will close of socialization, speaking rarely, unwanted to eat and sleepless. But at agitate depression, patient looks restless, squeeze their hand also much of speaking.
  2. Much of sufferers aren't able to feel graving emotion, glad and happy normally; world like sadness and there no life or die. Thinking, speaking, and common activities are decreased, so volunteer activities are stop fully.
  3. Mind is filled by compunction and having idea to destroying itself, also cannot to concentration better. They always confuse and close off itself, feel inability and hopeless, also think to death and suicide.
  4. Patient had sleepless and awakened suddenly, especially at midnight. Lose sex desire and pleasure. Bad appetite and decreasing weight body, sometimes it can causing thin body and menstruation cycle disorder (stop to menstruation).
  5. At the lighter depression, patients will more eaten and happening increasing body weight.
  6. At approximately 20% of patients, its symptom is lighter but happened as long as many years. This Dysrhythmic depression is frequently arising at the early of life and related to altering personality surely. Patient look sad, hopeless, dislike to kidding or unable to feeling pleasure, passive and lethargic, introvert, suspicious, like to critique and always blaming itself. The patient mind filled with less, failure, and negative event, sometimes "enjoying" their failure by them self.
  7. Many patients have complaint about their physical disorder, such as: illness and pain or disaster phobia or be crazy. The other patients are thinking that they are suffered any uncured disease, such as: cancer, sexual disorders, and they have affected to the others.
  8. Approximately, 15% of patients (especially at hard depression), had delusion or hallucination, that looking or hearing thing that unreal. They believe that the do the unforgiving dealings, or they hear many sounds that look like cursing their self. Unsafe feeling can cause hard depression. Depression with delusion refers to psychotic depression.
  9. The serious depression symptom is thinking to death. Many of patients want to die and feel unworthy, so they think that suicide is the best way to ending. Approximately 15% of patients show suicidal action. It must be handled rightfully, cared and controlled tightly, until their suicidal tendencies are really gone.

Diagnose of depression 

Commonly, diagnose is assessing based on its signs and symptom. Depression or family with depression history can made diagnose more clearly.

Sometimes, to help assessing depression is used standard question, they are:Hamilton depression scale score and Beck questioner depression.

Checking blood is able to help to deciding cause of depression. It is especially done at the women patient because related to hormonal factors

Sleep disorders is specific depression symptom. Encephalogram sleep can be done to measuring time that needed by patient to reach at the REM sleep (sleep with dream period). At norm, it has needed approximately 90 minutes, but at depression it has needed less than 70 minutes.

At the hard cases, it can be done by other examine to assessed diagnose.

Treatment for depression 

At this time, depression is not needed hospital care. But, the patient that must be cared at the hospital, is :
- Having suicidal tendencies or plan to do it.
- Too weak because decreasing weight loss
- Having the risk of heart disorder because the patients anxiety.

Recently, giving drugs is the main way in depression treatment. The other treatment is psychotherapy and electroconvulsive therapy. Sometimes, therapy that used is the combination of them.

#1 Anti depressant drugs  

Many drugs that available that can be used and regular drinking as long as many weeks before the drugs have action.

TCA (Tri Cyclic Anti depressant)
Almost arise side effect, like: doze and weight gain. It also cause heartbeat increases, reducing tension when the patient stands up, cataract, dry mouth, confused, constipation, inability to urinate and delayed orgasm, its effects called anti-cholinergic effect, that almost happen at the geriatric. Anti depressant drugs that similar with TCA having different side effects:
- Venlafaxine can cause light hypertension
- Trazodone cause priapism (pain when erection)
- Maprotiline and Bupropion can cause convulsive

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI)
Little side effect and generally more safe to used at the depression patient that having mental disorders. The side effect that happen are: nausea, diarrhea, and headache; that having light characteristic and will gone soon after it continuous to used.
SSRI is effective to used at the depression with mental disorders, are:
- Dysthymia, that needed long-term drugs used
- Obsessive-convulsive disease
- Panic disorders
- Bulimia
The main disadvantage of SSRI is often causing sexual function disorders.

Monoamine Oxidize Inhibitors (MAOIs)
Patient that consume MAO must be diet management and specific prohibition. Its better if they does not consuming food or beverage that content of tiramin, such as: beer, red wine (including sherry), coffee, salami, old cheese, mushroom and sauce extract.
They must avoid many drugs such as: phenylpropanolamine and dextrometorphane, which causing release of adrenalin and sudden hypertension.
Other drugs that must be avoid are: TCA, SSRI and meperidine (pain reducer). Patient that consume MAOIs is must bring remedy drugs, such as: chlorpromazine or nifedipine every time. If arise headache, it must be used and go to hospital soon. MAOIs is often to used because arise difficulty at the limit of diet and specific prohibition, so it just given at the patient that not shown any recover process by the other antidepressant.

Psycho stimulant.
As example methyl phenidate, that usually gives at the patient that close off social network, calm and having fatigue or is not shown the recover process when given of other antidepressant drugs. It has tendency to action fasten (in a day), so it often given to geriatric that having surgery or suffers long term disease.

WARNING..!!!!

To avoid the adverse effects of drug, ask your physician and apothecary for more information !!!..

#2 Psychotherapy 

Psychotherapy which together done with anti depressant giving better result. Individual or group psychotherapy can help the patient step by step to back on their duty and adaptive with normal life.

At the interpersonal psychotherapy, patient receive support to adaptive with altering on their life. Cognitive therapy can help to alter negative think and hopeless. To lighter depression, psychotherapy only can having similar effective with drugs therapy.

#3 Electro Convulsive Therapy 

Electro Convulsive Therapy (ECT) is used to overcome hard depression, especially at:
- Patient of psychotics
- Patient that having suicidal threaten.
- Patient that losing appetite.

This therapy is very effective to decreasing depression as soon as possible.

Electrode has installed in the head, and electrics is given to stimulating convulsion in the brain. For unknown reason, convulsion will cause decreasing depression. It does as much as 5 - 7 times. Its electricity can cause muscle contraction and pain, so the patient has anesthetized during its treatment. ECT can cause think lose temporarily.

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Video of depression 

What is Depression?

Symptoms, causes, and treatment of depression. Watch this and more health videos at: http://www.answerstv.com/health

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Prognosis...

- If isn't treated, depression can happen until 6 months or more.

- Light symptom can permanently, but the patient function is tendency back to normal.

- Almost of patient are having relapse depression episode, approximately 4-5times during their life.

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