Neurological Disorders: Differing Abilities... and Gifts

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Mirroring Ability and Disability

I've grown disenchanted with the DSM and its method of classifying people based on symptoms of mental illness or learning disability. Sometimes it's necessary to classify people by their symptoms -- we may not know enough about the root cause to do otherwise. However, we can run into serious problems if we give the labels more credence than they deserve. If a person is classified as anxiety disordered, for instance, people tend to see any other unusual symptoms -- mental, neurological, and even physical -- as being manifestations of anxiety. In other words, they see anxiety as the umbrella and symptoms as ribs. In some instances, though, the opposite is true: The person has a medical condition or a multi-system genetic disorder. In this case, the disorder is the umbrella, and anxiety is a rib -- perhaps a significant rib, perhaps a relatively minor one.

There is another issue with letting symptoms define illness. If a person has a genetic neurological disorder, they may have a brain that is structured in fundamentally abnormal ways -- and that abnormal structuring may carry unusual gifts as well as disabilities. The neurogenetic disorder Williams Syndrome is one of the more obvious examples. Most people with Williams Syndrome have learning disabilities as well as symptoms of mental illness. They may also have unusual gifts, from musicality to empathy.

Another case in point: genetic disorders associated with autism. The autistic may have unusual abilities in some areas -- they also tend to have unusual concentration and perseverance. They may become very accomplished in their chosen fields; some also display greater than usual loyalty in human relationship.

When the brain is structured in abnormal ways, a door opens... a door that may lead to giftedness, as well as dysfunction.

Mirror Writing

Spatial Ability or Disability?

mirror writingDisability may mask ability -- the reverse is also true. A mirror writer can write in a backwards 'mirror image' style. Sometimes mirror writing occurs as an isolated anomaly in an otherwise normal person. Other times it occurs with potentially disabling neurological disorder. The ability to write in either direction... well that seems like a sign of a spatially gifted person, huh? Not necessarily. The writer of Mystify Your Mind With Mirror Writing
reports that she has unusually poor spatial skills and can't make sense of a map unless she turns it around. Ah, me too, I can read the words on a map upside down or sideways, but I can't make any sense of it direction-wise, unless it's pointing the same way I am.

That article intrigued me. I write right right with my right hand and left with my left. (It's the cooperative work of both hands that you see there in the picture.) It may seem like quite a talent, yet my spatial skills are very poor. At the time I started college, I had trouble walking even a couple blocks and reversing my path to come back the other way.

The spatial disabilities have often been masked by what appears to be unusual ability. At age seven, I could already read upside down or right side up. I did struggle with reversals briefly in first grade reading, but not in writing. My right hand consistently wrote right, yet, directionality confusion would manifest in other activities. There was a point when I was growing up where I wondered why it was that I would mean to turn toward a person, but turn away instead. I knew the difference between forward and away, but that didn't mean my body could distinguish between the two in a split second's time.

I never wore the label "autistic" -- in fact it was never considered -- but I surely do feel that we attach such labels (and the accompanying explanations) without really understanding how a person perceives the world. For me, "anxiety" has usually been the explanation given for various oddities, often erroneously. What we attribute to inhibition, anxiety, or shyness can have very different explanations. I don't drive, and people have always chalked the issue up to simple fear. I am only now finding the words to explain otherwise. (I wonder if the left/ right thing plays some part in my tendency to swerve or lurch a little sometimes when walking on the sidewalk...)

Mirror (Writer) on the Wall

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An Underlying Condition?

Squidoo "lensmaster" Addatabilities meets the diagnostic criteria for various things including ADHD, learning disabilities, and sensory processing abnormalities, and she too suspects an underlying condition. She has been diagnosed with, among other things, dysgraphia, or writing disability. In her case, it refers not to a difficulty in self-expression (something she is very good at) but in handwriting issues (reversals, omissions, and general illegibility) that cease to be an issue when she has access to a keyboard.
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Autism and Ability

There are multiple genetic disorders associated with autism. Autistic people struggle with communication and social issues, and they have restricted interest and/or repetitive behaviors. they may, however, have striking abilities... and very unusual drive. The following lenses were written by people with Aspergers Syndrome/ high-functioning autism.
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Different Ways of Processing

There is evidence that children who are labeled autistic have processing differences.
Viewing atism as a Difference
Are intelligence tests adept at measuring intellect -- or are they biased toward certain types of intellect?

Williams Syndrome

Disability and Gift

Williams Syndrome is a microdeletion disorder that causes mental and physical problems... and a striking pattern of abilities and disabilities, that is sometimes termed "asymmetrical intelligence". Most people with Williams Syndrome will score significantly below average on intelligence tests, but you wouldn't necessarily realize this from casual conversation. People with Williams syndrome often have some autistic-like traits, but their strengths are in some ways the reverse or mirror image of classic autism.
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Bipolar Disorder... and Creative Ability?

Touched with Fire: Manic-Depressive Illness and the Artistic Temperament

Amazon Price: $5.29 (as of 05/31/2012)Buy Now

The author of this book, who knows bipolar disorder from two sides (as a medical doctor and as a patient) explores the premise that mental illness and creativity often go hand in hand.

A Tale of Misdiagnosis

This is a tale of a little boy who was misdiagnosed. His exultant "Leaves make sounds!" is a reminder of how difficult it is to see through another's eyes or hear through their ears.
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Sensory Processing Issues

We may think there is a straightforward process of perceiving stimuli and responding to it, but such is not the case. The neural activity that takes place in our brains may be either too great (over-responsive) or too little (under-responsive.) Processing differences may compound (or masquerade as) other issues. These lenses, one by 'Addatabilities' and two by me explore both hypo-responsive and hyper-responsive processing issues. It's Addy, not me who describes herself as 'highly sensitive'.

I will add that some people -- including many who are diagnosed as autistic -- overrespond to some sensory stimuli and underrespond to others. I tend to respond intensely to sound, and to a few stray stimuli like carbonation and sound.
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Changes to Mental Disorder Diagnoses?

The NIMH doesn't aim to replace the DSM diagnostic manual -- but they do intend to complement it with research into the "biological markers" of mental illness: neural mapping as well as genetics.
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We Are All Unique

A small reminder that we are all unique.
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In-Depth Information

And more to ponder

By Squidoo writer, Puzzlemaker.
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The Latest on Neurological Disorders

From Google

Social Security Disability Listing for Neurological Disorders To Be Reviewed ...
The Social Security Administration (SSA) has reported it will review how it identifies qualifying criteria for people with neurological disorders seeking disability benefits. The SSA's Listing of Impairments is an important tool because it's used by ...
AIIMS wants national database of multiple sclerosis patients
Speaking on the eve of World Multiple Sclerosis Day, doctors said it was high time that India mapped the trends of the debilitating neurological disorder that was affecting young people in the age group of 20 to 30 years.
Dawn Stauffer Hyde, business executive
She had posterior cortical atrophy, a progressive degenerative neurological disorder. Her death was confirmed by Gail Graham, a friend and colleague. Ms. Hyde founded Berkshire Associates, which specializes in affirmative action and salary equity, ...

Thoughts on Disabilities...

And Differing Abilities

  • WordCustard Feb 14, 2011 @ 11:28 am | delete
    This is a refreshing look at 'dis-ability' and the positives that can accompany a disorder. Our system of classifying what is right and 'wrong' based on averages can dismiss people whose skills don't align with the majority, instead of valuing them. That's a shame.
  • darciefrench Oct 6, 2010 @ 1:40 pm | delete
    A lifelong battle with depression was the precursor to learning about creativity and self-love; transcending it has taught me a lot.
  • kajohu May 30, 2010 @ 9:56 am | delete
    This lens is fascinating, as are a couple lenses that I've just checked, that you link to. My husband is a fairly new high school teacher, and he's always intrigued with the students with "different abilities", wondering how he can help them best.
    ---p.s. Thanks for your comment on my lens a few hours ago -- I "okayed" it, and now it's off somewhere in hyperspace. Maybe it will still re-show.....
  • windygig May 2, 2010 @ 1:04 pm | delete
    Thank you for this informative work. Neurology seem to remain the New Frontier in medicine.
  • Pukeko Apr 3, 2010 @ 6:53 am | delete
    Beautifully written lens on Neurological Disorders.
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KarenTBTEN

Hi. I'm a teacher and a writer. One of my passions is stringing words together -- and another is reading them out loud! I enjoy recording audio (publi... more »

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