Learn About The Endocrine System

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So, what's the endocrine system?

The endocrine system is made up of glands that produce and secrete hormones. These hormones regulate the body's growth, metabolism (the physical and chemical processes of the body), and sexual development and function. The hormones are released into the bloodstream and may affect one or several organs throughout the body.


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The Endocrine System (The Human Body-How It Works) 

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The Endocrine System (The Human Body-How It Works)

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Much like the nervous system, the endocrine system relays important communication signals throughout the body. The endocrine system uses chemical signals, known as hormones, which are produced and stored in special glands in the body. Different glands produce specialized hormones and release them into the bloodstream. From there, these hormones can travel directly to the tissues and organs and help regulate bodily functions. In "The Endocrine System", learn how this chemical messaging system is vital to the body's growth, metabolism, and sexual development.

Factoid 

Hormones are chemical messengers created by the body. They transfer information from one set of cells to another to coordinate the functions of different parts of the body.

Imagine your body without glands. You'd be without all the ooze, sweat, mucus, chemicals and juices in your body which make your body home.

 

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How the Endocrine System Works

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Interactions: Exploring the Functions of the Human Body , Regulation: The Nervous and Endocrine Systems (No.2)

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The major glands of the endocrine system are the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, pineal body, and the reproductive organs (ovaries and testes). The pancreas is also a part of this system; it has a role in hormone production as well as in digestion.

 

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Glands 

hypothalamus
The hypothalamus is located in the brain, near the optic chiasm. It secretes hormones that stimulate or suppress the release of hormones in the pituitary gland, in addition to controlling water balance, sleep, temperature, appetite, and blood pressure.

pineal body
The pineal body is located below the corpus callosum, a part of the brain. It produces the hormone melatonin.

pituitary
The pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain. No larger than a pea, the gland controls many functions of the other endocrine glands.

Human Body: An Illustrated Guide  

More Glands 

thyroid and parathyroids
The thyroid gland and parathyroid glands are located in front of the neck, below the larynx (voice box). The thyroid plays an important role in the body's metabolism. Both the thyroid and parathyroid glands also play a role in the regulation of the body's calcium balance.

thymus
The thymus is located in the upper part of the chest and is involved in the maturation of T-lymphocytes (white blood cells that fight infections and destroy abnormal cells).

adrenal gland
There is one adrenal gland located on top of each kidney. Adrenal glands work hand-in-hand with the hypothalamus and pituitary gland.

 

kidney
The pair of kidneys are located near the middle of the back, just below the rib cage. The kidneys process the blood to filter out waste products and extra water. This waste and extra water becomes urine, which is stored in the bladder.

pancreas
The pancreas is located across the back of the abdomen, behind the stomach. The pancreas plays a role in digestion, as well as hormone production.

ovary
A woman's ovaries are located on both sides of the uterus, below the opening of the fallopian tubes (tubes that extend from the uterus to the ovaries). In addition to containing the egg cells necessary for reproduction, the ovaries also produce estrogen and progesterone.

testis
A man's testes are located in a pouch that hangs suspended outside the male body. The testes produce testosterone and sperm.

 

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Functions controlled by hormones include: 

  • activities of entire organs
  • growth and development
  • reproduction
  • sexual characteristics
  • usage and storage of energy
  • levels of fluid, salt and sugar in the blood
  • The Human Body 

     

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