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Personal Finance 101

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A simple basic primer on personal finance. Something everyone should know by the time they graduate from High School.

Simple Guidelines 

1. Credit cards - Never use a debit card. They can incur fees and also
if lost can cause losses to your account. Obtain a credit card that gives
rebates. Some card will give you 1% back on all your purchases each month.
Always pay off your monthly balance - on time. Never let the revolving
credit kick in. They can charge you as high as 18% interest or more on your
balance month after month.

2. Banking - Select a bank that will provide free-checking and have low
minimum balance requirements. Always maintain the minimum balance in the
account or they will charge you fees every time you go below the balance.
Pick an on-line bank such as ING which currently pays (4.15% interests as of
4/2006) which is much higher than any commercial bank. They will allow you
to link the account to any checking account from another bank so that you
can transfer money back and forth within a day.

3. Retirement saving - If your company has a 401K plan, you should take
advantage of it. They usually have a match percent as incentive to enroll.
If you can, put away the maximum percent allowed. This will give you "free"
money and will compound tax free until you retire. It is the best saving for
your retirement. The earlier you enroll, the most you will get out of it.

4. Compounding formula - the Rule of 72. The rule says that to find the
number of years required to double your money at a given interest rate, you
just divide the interest rate into 72. For example, if you want to know how
long it will take to double your money at eight percent interest, divide 8
into 72 and get 9 years. If you at age 22, put away $5000 per year, for 43
years with 6% interest compounded monthly, you will have over $1 Million
dollars by age 65. Never underestimate the power of compounding - Time is on
your side.

5. Taxes - You should always try to minimize your income taxes by legal
means. By itemizing your deductions, you can reduce your taxes. Keep good
records, and save your receipts.

6. The best deduction is your home mortgage. Your house is usually your
most valued possession. When you are young, save for the down payment,
usually 20% of the sale price. Once you have it, buy a starter home. Once
you have a house, you can use "leverage" to work for you and also get the
mortgage tax deduction. It's like getting a double bonus. Leverage comes
when you buy something of value with borrowed money. When the value of the
house goes up, you are making a huge return on your small investment. When
you are ready to trade up, you will have enough equity built in so that it
won't be so painful.

7. Credit Score - It is very important to maintain a good credit score.
This will allow you to obtain a lower rate loan. To get a good credit score,
make sure you pay all your bills on-time. You can get a free copy of your
credit report once a year. Checkout www.freecreditreport.com

8. Passive Investments - (Mutual Funds) - If you don't want to actively
manage your investments, select a no fee (no load) mutual fund such as
Vanguard family of funds. Put your extra funds (savings) into the fund on a
regular basis (monthly or every pay period). This will automatically "dollar
cost average" your investments. Check the statements once or twice a year to
see how well your fund is doing compared to others and if necessary move it
around to get the better returns.

9. Active investments - (Stocks) - If you want to actively trade
stocks, you need to do your homework. You will need to monitor your stocks
on a daily or weekly basis. You should only buy stocks you know (companies
you understand) and buy through a discount broker that charge low fees ($7
per trade). Buy stocks using limits. Don't over pay for a stock. Once you
buy it, put an automatic "stop loss order" on it so that if the value of the
stock drop below 10% of your purchase price, it will automatically sell and
thereby minimizing your total loss. You also need to diversify your
holdings. Don't put more than 5% of your total investments in any given
stock. Try to pick companies from different business sectors. Recently, the
energy sector and the precious metals sector have done extremely well. Don't
be too greedy. Once you make 25% gain, you should cash out some to preserve
your winnings.

10. Budgeting - You need to setup a simple budget that tracks all your
expenses, on a monthly basis. Make sure you include items that you pay
annually such as insurance, taxes.Check this against your income and see
what the delta is. Any extra money left should be put into your savings
account. You will need about 6 months of funds for your emergency - such as
if you loose your job. You must adjust your spending to within your income
level. Don't forget, even millionaires can go broke. If you spend more than
you make - you will go broke. That is true with income of $1 Million or
$20,000 per year. You must live within your means.

11. Charity - You should always count your blessings and donate a small
percentage of your income to Charity. It is tax deductible.

12. Debts - Avoid any debt, personal or business. Debts should only be
incurred for a house or a car or emergencies. When ever possible, pay off
your debts. You will sleep better and have less stress. You will feel "free".

My advice 

My simple advice published on my blog
Personal Finance 101
Content of my blog regarding personal finance 101. Some simple guidelines.

Great sites for financial success 

These sites offer financial advice and investing for the long term and debt reduction.
Bob Brinker - Money Talk
Bob Brinker has been offering great investing advice for over 20 years on the radio.
Vanguard Mutual Funds
Vanguard is one of the greatest (no load) mutual funds that has performed above par.
Dave Ramsey
Dave Ramsey also has a great radio program on how to reduce your debt. He also has a great book.
Warren Buffet
Warren Buffet's annual letters to stockholders of Berkshire Hattaway.
Firstrade home page
Firstrade is one of the on-line trading companies that offers $7 per trade on any stocks.
The Blue fund
Investing for the enviromental conscience.
10 simple rules
Good advice from Fortune Magazine.

Some wisdom and tips... 

  • It is worth spending money on a good mattress. Remember, you will spend one third of your life sleeping on it.
  • Never buy insurance when purchasing electronics or appliances. Check with Consumer Reports and buy a brand that is "recommended".
  • When buying a new car, make sure it has a good safty rating. It is more important than the color or the accessories...And never pay the sticker price. Always bargain and shop around.
  • When booking for a hotel, make sure they include a complimentary breakfast. This can save you time and money especially when traveling with the family.

New Featured Lenses 

Great books on Amazon 

Books worth reading on Financial matters.

The Little Book That Beats the Market (Little Books. Big Profits)

Amazon Price: $13.57 (as of 07/26/2008)

The Total Money Makeover: A Proven Plan for Financial Fitness

Amazon Price: (as of 07/26/2008)

Jim Cramer's Real Money: Sane Investing in an Insane World

Amazon Price: $17.16 (as of 07/26/2008)

Income and Wealth (Greenwood Guides to Business and Economics)

Amazon Price: $44.00 (as of 07/26/2008)

Reader Feedback 

Shadoze

You are offering some great information here. I enrolled in my company's 401K plan as soon as I was eligible. I started off my contributing the highest percentage that my employer would match. I had just completed my probationary period, and I got a raise. That's when I became eligible for the program, so I didn't even miss the money. It wasn't like I was getting a decrease in my pay. I recommend that to everyone, and I'm glad to see someone else that does the same.">

Posted April 24, 2008

personal-finance-tips

Great lens, added to my bookmarks. I think you'll love mine too.

Posted February 25, 2008

Good information about credit card. That's a 5 star rating from me. You can find all type of credit card news from my lens. If you have some time, please feel free to check it out.

Posted December 05, 2007

tplus

Congratulations! You are #3 at Who Has the Most Lenses?! I've picked this lens to be featured alongside your name. Come check out your competition!

Posted October 20, 2007

1wealthbuilder

Great Personal Finance lens.

Keep it Up!

I gave you 4 stars!

Posted October 16, 2007

 
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jackclee

About jackclee

Hi, I'm Jack. I am currently enjoying some time off from work. I worked for IBM for 28 years on various projects dealing with Museums and Libraries. I have travelled all over the world and have seen the diversity of our world. Currently, I am volunteering P/T at the Westchester Archives and also working at Jawonio as a Document Imaging Specialist.

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