The New Zealand Kauri Tree

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The Cathedral Pillars of the New Zealand Bush

The kauri tree is an enormous and stately tree that is endemic to New Zealand. Agathis australis is part of the pine family that used to cover New Zealand in warmer periods. Even today, many fossillised 'swamp kauri' are still being found.

The wood is strong and straight and was much prized in the lumber industry, which was very active in New Zealand for a while, until the slow-growing trees started running out. The sap of the trees hardens into kauri gum - an amber-like substance that was very valuable and used for varnish and ornamention.

The kauri is an iconic and important part of the New Zealand landscape, and the few remaining giants are famous tourist attractions. They can reach heights of 40-50 metres and contain more wood than a Sequioa, and are believed to live over a thousand years.

Have You Ever Seen A Kauri?

Kauri Forest print
Kauri Forest by NZPhotography
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The Biology of Kauri Trees

Growth, distribution and climate preferences

Young kauri forest, Waitakere RangesKauri grow in the warmer parts of New Zealand - the top half of the North Island. They used to cover the entire country, but a shift in climate around 500 years ago restricted their distribution (which is also what killed off the first Greenland colony, and forced all the Maori to migrate North and start fighting each other!).

Because of this change in climate, kauris have trouble competing with faster growing trees, and now usually restricted to the more exposed ridges of valleys with thin soils and windier conditions. Kauris survive on the thin layer of rotting humus from the mound of leaf litter around them. The cones of leaves could get metres high!

On the right, you can see young kauri growing in a dense ricker stand called. Over time, they thin out and grow larger, until only one or two trees would remain in that entire area.

Once grown, kauris are basically immovable and sneer at any would-be usurpers. As they grow, they shed their lower branches, until only the thick crown remains, forming the canopy and blocking light past to the forest below. Like many species in the pine family, the leaves of kauri contain poisons that leach out into the earth when they fall and kill off competitiors.

A Stand of Rickers (Young Kauri Trees)

Looking down to the ground from a viewing platform among a stand of young kauri

Young kauri trees are very tall and thin and pole-like, and form these characteristic 'ricker stands'. As they grow, the lower branches peel away, leaving a tall trunk with a bushy crown breaking out above the forest canopy.

The volume of wood in the trunks actually remains constant over time, as the growing trees thin out.

Some Fantastic Photos of Kauri Trees

Kindly provided by Flickr Users

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Kauri usually end up growing on the ridges, because faster-growing species crowd them out in the valleys. The pattern of kauri forest ebbs and flows up and down the country depending on the climate.

Famous Kauris

The biggest, the tallest and the most famous

Black and white phoograph of a twoering kauri in the Waitakere Ranges
  • Tane Mahuta
  • (Tah-nay Mah-hoo-tah)
    Named after the Maori god of the forest, Tane Mahuta is currently the biggest living kauri.
    Its trunk is 17.68 m (58.0 ft) high and 13.77 m (45.2 ft) wide. Including the crown, it is 51.2 m (168 ft) tall and has a volume of 516.7 m³ (18,247 cu ft).

    Found in Waipoua Forest.

  • Te Matua Ngahere

  • (Teh Mah-too-ah Nah-gah-heh-reh)
    The name means 'Father of the Forest' is a smaller tree, but wider, with a girth of 16.41 m (53.8 ft).

    Found in Waipoua Forest.

    Books About New Zealand Kauri Trees

    History, culture and identification...

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    Waipoa Forest

    The largest mature kauri stand in new Zealand

    Water drops of rimu leaves, with kauri out of focus in the background at Waipoa Forest boardwalk

    Waipoua Forest in Northland (the northern-most district of New Zealand) is the largest remaining stand of mature kauri. I stopped up there this year and walked around the boardwalk on a fieldtrip for University, and sadly I've just discovered that I've lost most of my photographs. The one above is all that remains, and only because I had already uploaded it online.

    It's suffering from the heavy load of visitors, although lovely to walk through (a lot like a quiet green cathedral, much like La Sagrada Familia, being built in Barcelona. Conincidentally, that project also involves New Zealanders!)

    Unfortunately the tour buses tend to stop in the carpark, and the guides stay in the bus, while the visitors 'happen' to wander round the boardwalk - this way they are not technically guiding thema round the attraction and avoid levies. Unfortunate because two or three busloads a day are taking a heavy toll on the area.

    Photographic Prints of Kauri in Waipoua Forest

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    Painting Kauris

    And the interest of kauri bark

    Strength: Kauri and Kereru - painting by Flynn the Cat

    This is a picture I experimented with in early 2010. II'd been wanting to paint kauri bark for years - for that matter, painting on kauri bark might be very interesting.

    It has a fascinating texture, and comes off in scales the size of your hand. it's all grey and silver and brown, and increasingly green over the years, as moss and lichens grow all over it. Between the bark, you might find pale white gum frozen in drips, or bright oozing amber.

    Carved Out Of Kauri

    Kauri wood was a big industry - it's ideal for carving with

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    There are some fascinating and beautiful objects made out of kauri - it's a beautiful wood for carving with. If you're ever in New Zealand and interested in this sort of thing, the Kauri Museum up in Northland is worth a visit - it's the best place to visit to see old carvings and objects, the tools that used to be used to saw the trees down and work them, and a fantastic collection of glowing kauri gum.
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    Videos: Visiting Kauris and Woodworking

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    Other People's Kauri Experiences

    Recent Google Results About Kauri Trees

    Bottle tree joins attractions
    BOTTLE TREE: Kauri Coast Promotions Society chairman Trevor Donald sits down to a cuppa with committee member Gordon Morfett and Ernie under the newly erected bottle tree. Gore has the Bottle House ? now Dargaville has the Bottle Tree.
    Climate research has a ring of truth
    VISITING the giant kauri trees of Northland, on New Zealand's north-west coast, is like stepping back in time. Ancient conifer pines that over centuries have escaped damage from fire and forestry, the surviving kauris are up to 50 metres tall and five ...
    Climate research has a ring of truth
    VISITING the giant kauri trees of Northland, on New Zealand's north-west coast, is like stepping back in time. Ancient conifer pines that over centuries have escaped damage from fire and forestry, the surviving kauris are up to 50 metres tall and five ...
    Great Barrier Island: The jewel of the Gulf
    Today, it is still an environment in rehab, although thankfully the kauri is regenerating strongly. The Peach Tree track climbs higher into the ranges, crossing what resembles a giant forested crater rimmed with soaring stumps of rock, ...

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    Guestbook

    • Papier Dec 3, 2011 @ 6:48 pm | delete
      This is a fascinating volume about the kauri tree. I especially like that last flickr photograph. What a scenic spot for viewing the mammoth tree.

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