Linguistics

Types of Linguistics 

1. Theoretical linguistics describes theories about universal aspects of language and their basic framework.
2. Applied linguistics is using linguistic theory to address real-world problems.
3. Synchronic study of a language is concerned with its form at a given moment.
4. Diachronic study covers the history of a language or family of languages and structural changes over time.
5. Contextual linguistics is concerned with how language fits into the world.
6. Autonomous linguistics considers languages for their own sake, aside from the externalities related to a language.

Language To Study 

Variety of useful languages.

1. English English will give you a broad perspective on Germanic and Latin based languages, with its wide variety of words and grammatical rules borrowed from other languages.
2. Spanish/French/Italian These Romance languages are very similar, all dervived from Latin.
3. Russian Rusian is the most spoken Slavic language. Other Slavic languages include Polish, Czech, and Slovenian.
4. Swedish/Norwegian/Danish/Icelandic These four North Germanic, Scandinavian languages have strong similarities and show similarities to English's past.
5. German A widely spoken language, with similar roots as English.
6. Japanese As an isolated country, Japan's language is of unknown origin with multiple written forms.