Mushroom Cultivation Training

I'm trying to start a mushroom cultivation business. Saturday was a survey to Cisarua-bandung west. There were about 500 farmer's mushroom. Most of them white oyster mushroom cultivation, because the cold climate Cisarua (21-26 C) suitable for growing oyster mushrooms.

I could go see the oyster mushroom cultivation process dar AZ. There was a businessman who is kind and not arrogant (like child scout) who allowed me to get around at his place of business. There were about 5 more kumbung (mushroom houses) containing each more than 5000 baglog. Continues there is a special home for the sterilization of the media using the steam engine. Then, the entrepreneur is telling the ins and outs of the white oyster mushroom cultivation business that has been digelutinya since 1996. He included a successful businessman in my opinion, because the cultivation of mushrooms in the complex there is a house, warehouse, office, car, etc.. Employees had the 60's people, though now shrunk less than half. However, he said market demand for mushroom products are still high. Anyway exclaimed deh streets to the 'factory' mushrooms.

When I express wish to try cultivating mushrooms in Subang area. The entrepreneurs are advised to cultivate mushroom only. Therefore, climate Subang area is relatively more heat than Cisarua. It is therefore more suitable for mushroom growth. Besides the price per kg of edible mushroom is higher than white oyster mushrooms and market demand is still high.

White oyster mushroom is one of the wooden mold that now has many cultivated people. Planting medium or substrate that is commonly used is wood sawn alba, but any kayusebetulnya lumber can be used, of course, wood is not toxic, then mixed with other ingredients with berbandingan tertentu.Adapun white oyster mushroom cultivation process is as follows: A . Materials and Alat1. Materials growing media for oyster and white mushrooms are sawn timber (powder) mixed with the following ingredients with a ratio as follows: a) Powder Gergaji100 kg b) bran or bran-15kgc halus10) Calcium carbonate / limestone (CaCO3) 0.5 KGD) gypsum (CaSO4) 0.5 KGE) TSP Fertilizer 0.5 kgf) Seeds 25 bags) Water secukupnyaDisamping that need to be prepared materials are heat resistant bags plastok (size 03 or 04, 15 x 25 cm or 17 x 30 cm), rubber binder , pieces of newspaper, pieces of pipe pralon (diameter 1 "and width 1 cm)
Tool
2. Tools such as shovels and hoes mixer-Tool sterilization include: drums with lids and sarangan boiling, heat sources (stove oil / coal briquettes)
B. The composting process
Before planting seeds, planting media bahab materials are in komposkanterlebih advance for 15 days with the following stages: 1.Serbuk saws that have been soaked thoroughly dry with clean water in a container for 1 malam.2.Tiriskan (until fists are not broken ), then add the lime and add bekaltul and stir until blended. Let the pile for 5 hari.3.Tumpukan stirred again with TSP fertilizer was added and let stand for 5 hari.4.Bahan stirred again and add gypsum. Let the pile again to 5 days, then the composting process has been completed.
C. Packaging Process
These materials have been composted growing media that is inserted into a plastic bag. Plastic bags on both ends bent into the base, so that once filled and compacted plastic bags can stand up like botol.Kantong approximately ¾ filled plastic parts, then a ¼ bagiannyaditekuk dalam.Untuk put into plastic bags that are filled (polibek) in the inverted position that is the bent / folded into placed under.
D. Process Sterilisari
Prepare broiler drum tools and equipment. Sarangan diletakkankira thoughts third part of the drum bottom. Fill the drum with water approximately ¼ the drum. Heat source is turned on, while the planting medium is inserted into a large heat-resistant plastic that protrude into the upper drum. With steam sterilization process is carried out for 6-8 hours at a temperature of 90-95 CE
Mechanical planting (inoculation)
After the sterilization process is complete, polibek of the drum was taken out and allowed to cool. When it is cold, the process of inoculation can be done is by way of entering the top seed, try to evenly distributed on the upper surface of the media in polibek. To attach the plastic to be robust, end pieces inserted polibek pralon (ring), then covered with pieces of newspaper and tied with rubber bands. When the inoculation should not be in excess of 24 hours after the sterlisasi.
F. Maintenance and Incubation
Polibek who has been in the inoculation placed on the shelves that have been provided. These shelves should be placed in a room that is not affected by humidity suhudan outside air. Kelembabannyadiusahakan stable temperature and in accordance with the desired conditions for mold growth is 24-28 C and humidity 80-90%. Polibek is left for 6-8 weeks until the mycelium grows a plastic bag so that the color meets white solid.
G. Opening Polibek
After polibek colored compact pistil (age 6-8 weeks), then polibek can be opened by removing the rubber and ring pralon. Then open the plastic disibakkan out in order to get the mushroom growing medium surface air as much as possible.
H. Harvesting Mushrooms

After 1 week of opening, the fungus usually will form the body / clump of fungi and there are ready for harvest. Age fungus of "whacky" / would mushroom to harvest about 3 days.
I. Treatment Media Polibek
Each polibek which has overgrown the mycelium fungus can grow many times, up to 4-6 times the harvest. Harvesting may last for 2-3 months with 75% of the total weight of dry sawdust growing medium for mushrooms substratnya.Agar many times it is necessary maintenance. The maintenance is as follows: 1.Media polibek which has grown mushrooms once, the surface used to grow mushrooms dredged or cut from 0.5 to 1 cm. Then injected into it a solution of vitamin B complex about 30 cc (2 grains of Vit. B complex dilarutkandalam 1.5 liters of clean water) .2. Every morning and evening polibek media surface was sprayed with water, dried permukaannya.3.Untuk Stay out of sight media polibek mushrooms that had grown a second, third and seterusnyadiperlakukan equal to point 1 and 2, only the amount of vitamin B complex that is injected is proportional to the reduction diminishing media cut / removed.
J. Pemberatantasan Disease
If the sterilization process flawlessly and yangdipakai equipment clean and sterile, then there is no contamination on subsratnya. Apabilaada polibek contaminated / exposed to the disease, should polibek is thrown away so as not contagious and cause a decline in production.

Develop the business potential of mushroom cultivation consumption is never ending. In addition to oyster mushroom cultivation and mushroom are much in demand market, today a part of the mushroom species cultivated mushrooms consumption beginning farmers. Ear fungus (Auricularia auricular) has a body shape that widens as the form of the human ear, because that fungi are included in this group of fungi, jelly ear fungus named by the public, the word "ear" is taken from the Java language that has meaning earlobe.

Generally, ear mushrooms can be grown in cold climates to hot climates. However, this consumption will ideally fungus thrives in temperatures between 20-30 ° C, with humidity levels of around 80-90%. Some types of mushroom farmers who began to be cultivated in Indonesia, among others, red ear mushrooms (Auricularia yudae), black ear mushroom (Auricularia polytricha), as well as for ear fungus (Tremella fuciformis).

The content of nutrients, fats, and vitamins found in mushroom consumers is often used as one of the delicious food and also good for health. Besides black ear fungus is also beneficial for heart disease drug, lowering cholesterol, as well as anti-bleeding. Even for marketing, the farmers can offer fresh mushroom or dried ear mushrooms are high in the market price behavior. The potential is what drives most people to start businesses interested pursue mushroom cultivation as an alternative business opportunity that is promising.

To help you know the techniques of mushroom cultivation, here we inform you several steps that must be prepared.

Preparation of Seed Fungi

Prior to his ear mushroom cultivation business, you should prepare in advance of superior quality seed fungus to obtain optimal yields. For those of you who run a business household, should buy the seed fungus that is ready to use (seed F4). But for you who are planning to open an industrial scale mushroom companies (large), can breed to get pure seed fungus F1 seeds.

Preparation of Mushroom Cultivation

For those of you who cultivate oyster mushrooms with planting medium baglog, could start a business with the following stages.

The first step you need to prepare is to create a suitable planting medium with mushroom native habitat. Currently planting medium that is widely used in the form of a mixture containing baglog wood sawdust (85-90%), bran (10-15%), lime (1-2%), as well as additional water to taste (kadai 50-70% water) .
To get the ideal planting medium, do fermentation for 3-5 days until the temperature of the media had pengingkatan to 70 º C. During the fermentation process, do the reversal every 2-3 times a day. Make sure the media is ready to be used to change color to brown or blackish.
Next input media into the heat-resistant plastic, then use the tool presses padatkan or pounded using plastic bottles to resemble baglog. Then on top of the plastic ring attached (ring), and closed with cotton so that the media is not intruding water during the sterilization process.
The fourth stage is the sterilization of media, this process is done by steaming baglog cotton that has been covered. Sterilization conducted at a temperature of 95-120 º for 6 to 8 hours.
When the sterilization process has been completed, then the process of planting (inoculation) can you do if the temperature has returned to normal baglog. Prior to implant seeds into baglog mushrooms, mushroom seed sterilization needs to be done in order to avoid the other organisms that interfere with the growth of mycelium. Way before the first spray menamam alcohol 70% in both hands. Then heat the iron sticks over the fire spritus, then spray bottle with alcohol so that sterile seeds, cotton baglog lid over the fire spritus and input into the seed fungus baglog with the help of an iron stick that has been sterilized. Close the back baglog with cotton, after the seeds planted mushrooms finished.
After the seedlings are planted mushrooms, do incubation for 4-8 weeks with a temperature of 28-35 º C, 80% humidity level and TL the help of 60-watt light bulbs. If more than 5 weeks of incubation and no signs of mycelium growth, it is possible to fail so that contaminated the inoculation process.
When the incubation process has been completed, the next process is to move baglog ear mushrooms into the space kumbung fungus that has been prepared. Perform baglog perforation using a razor blade that had been sterilized. Then set baglog neatly, and do regular watering every 2-4 times per day.
Mushroom harvesting can be done by pulling the ear mushrooms and roots. If any roots are left, then clean the hole so as not to interfere with fungal growth kupir next generation.

Lingzhi mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) is one type of fungus known as the "King of the drug". The name was given because the efficacy of lingzhi fungus is believed to cure various diseases and safe for consumption in the long term without any side effects. This makes the lingzhi mushroom growing market demand and begin to develop the community as a business opportunity.

Basically lingzhi mushroom cultivation is not difficult, because the consumption of these mushrooms can grow in various areas in the region including Indonesia. Usually cultivated mushroom lingzhi community using artificial growing media in the form of wood sawdust formed into baglog mushrooms. Although it is quite easy, to be able to produce a good harvest lingzhi mushrooms, mushroom cultivation is necessary to appropriate and quality.

Therefore, here we inform some important steps to consider in the lingzhi mushroom cultivation.

Before starting a business lingzhi mushroom cultivation, seedlings prepared in advance that you will use. Try to select the seed fungus that is really qualified, to obtain maximum yields.
The next stage of mushroom cultivation that you need to run are as follows:
Prepare the planting medium. Media that you can use to cultivate mushrooms is a mixture of wood sawdust (80-90 kg), bran (7-10 kg), limestone CaCO3 (3kg), corn flour (1 / 2 kg), enough water, and added TSP fertilizer , urea, ZA (0.7 to 1% respectively).
Make the process of fermentation medium for 4-6 days to kill harmful wild mushrooms. During the fermentation process takes place, do the reversal media until it is completely evenly and turn brown or blackish.
Furthermore, the media is ready inserted into a plastic bag with a size 30 cm x 20 cm, with a thickness of 0.5 mm and a height of 20 cm. Media that has been incorporated into the plastic and then compacted and placed the ring on the top. Last lid baglog neck with cotton to avoid entry of water into the pockets of the media.

The next stage of the sterilization process. You can use the old tank, great cormorant, or used for steaming baglog dum fungi. Sterilization conducted at a temperature of 95-120 ° C for 6-8 hours. After sterilization is completed, baglog inoculation until silenced at room temperature back to normal.
Stages of inoculation carried out in space that has been sterilized and with the help of equipment that has been sterilized as well. Inoculation can you do with opening a bottle of seed cotton cover on the fire and enter spritus iron sticks that have been sterilized to take seeds from the bottle and planted to the neck baglog. Baglog ring shake the seeds spread to the media surface, then cover again with cotton baglog mushrooms.
After the seed is planted, do the incubation process to grow the lingzhi mushroom mycelium. Ideally lingzhi fungus requires an environment with temperature of 30-35 ° C, humidity 90-100%, and light the lamp TL 60 watts. After 15-30 days the mycelium usually grows up to half the baglog, and ready to be moved into the house kumbung mushrooms.
After fungus mycelium grows baglog meet the media, you can open the cotton penyumbatnya and perform maintenance with good mushroom crop yields obtained in order to be optimal. Put the mushrooms baglog on shelves that have been prepared horizontally, one line of rack can be filled 10-15 stacks baglog and sideways by the number of 20-30 baglog. Each row of bamboo divider baglog given by the distance between rows 80-90 cm. Try kumbung space conditions have a temperature 16-28 ° C, 80-85% humidity level and TL lights of 60 watts, to support the lingzhi mushroom fruit body formation.