Native American Legends Thematic Unit

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American Indian Legends and Folklore

Native American culture is rich with wonderful folktales and legends. I have featured three of my favorites and written a mini thematic unit about each. The unit for Legend of the Indian Paintbrush by Tomie dePaola is geared toward first grade. The Gift of the Sacred Dog by Paul Goble is geared towards second grade. And the Legend of the Bluebonnet also by Tomie dePaola is geared toward third grade. The units include activities for all of the disciplines, including library information skills.

Native American legends make an excellent spring board for thematic units about Native American History and Culture.

Legend of the Indian Paintbrush 

The Legend of the Indian Paintbrush

Amazon Price: $7.99 (as of 07/06/2009)Buy Now

Legend of the Indian Paintbrush 

by Tomie dePaola

Native Americans
Level - FIRST GRADE


About Tomie dePaola
Tomie dePaola always wanted to be an artist and began painting at age four. Every night his mother would read him stories, folktales and legends. He drew many pictures during his school years and went to the Pratt Institute, a special art college, to learn how to use all the art mediums.

After graduation he worked as an illustrator, but it took several years of hard work before he was offered a book to illustrate. His first book was called Sound. Since then he has illustrated over 100 books.

Tomie dePaola and his work have been recognized with the Caldecott Honor Award, the Newbery Honor Award and the New Hampshire Governor's Arts Award of Living Treasure.

He lives in New London, New Hampshire with his new Airedale dog, Brontë.

Visit his official website, Tomie.

Language Arts
  • Select 5 vocabulary words from the story and write them on cards. Onto a chart, copy the 5 sentences that the words appear in from the story, leaving the word blank. As a group, discuss which word goes in the blank on the chart. All of the words will make sense in the sentences, so the class will need to decide which answer they feel is the best.
  • Create a folder activity with the inside of the folder divided into 3 parts with the words, "People, Place, Thing" at the top of each section. Put a selection of Native American vocabulary words onto cards or paper moccasins. Be sure there are some that are people, places and things. Have the children sort the word cards into the 3 groups.

Social Studies
  • Read Native American folk tales and legends from different tribes to the children. The ones by Terri Cohlene are very good and they include a chapter which tells all about the where the tribe lived, how they lived, their customs, food, etc. My favorite is "Quillworker A Cheyenne Legend".
  • After reading stories from two different tribes, the teacher can use a Venn diagram in a group discussion to compare the two.

Science
  • The children can start a few kernels of corn in a plastic cup with wet paper towels. They can observe and record (by drawing or as a teacher led activity), the progress of the seed as it grows.
  • Little Gopher made his paints from different plants. The children could experiment with plants or spices like turmeric, onion skins, dandelion root, red cabbage, sunflower petals, etc. A complete list of native plants used in dyeing can be found in Delena Tull's, A Practical Guide to Edible and Useful Plants.

Math
  • Counting can be practiced using the rhyme and song, "Ten Little Indians".
  • The moccasin card with addition or subtraction facts, Drop the handkerchief game can be played.

Library and Information Skills

Center 1 - Dictionary Use
Skill: The student:
... alphabetizes to the second letter and located words in a picture dictionary.

Activity:
The teacher will provide a list of Thanksgiving and Indian words. The students will use picture dictionaries to define the words and write down the definitions.

Center 2 - Listening
Skill: The student:
... learns to recognize favorite authors, illustrators and characters.
... learns the parts of a book's cover... title, author, illustrator.
... appreciates literature on his/her own level.

Activity:
The Reading Rainbow episode or book and tape of Tomie DePaola's, Legend of the Indian Paintbrush. Have the book on hand and go over the parts of a book.

Center 3 - Art
Skill: The student:
...learns to recall information based on print or non-print materials.

Activity:
The students will be given a copy of a scene from the Legend of the Indian Paintbrush. They will use colored chalk and crayons to draw in the sunset and what was growing on the hills after the boy painted his picture.

Center 4 - Observation
Skill: The student:
... learns how to take notes using key words and phrases.

Activity:
Display real Indian artifacts and objects (arrowheads, bead work, art work, pots, musical instruments, etc.) and pictures of Indian objects. Each object will have a 2 - 3 sentence description. The students will use a matrix to take notes. They will draw a picture and write a sentence about Indians. November issues of various children's magazines will be placed in the center as well.

Center 5 - Picture Writing
Skill: The student:
... uses pictures to gain information and to present information.

Activity:
The students will use Indian picture writing to "write a story" onto a paper animal skin cut out. All worksheets will be in the shape of this animal skin so they can be made into an Indian booklet.

Legend of the Indian Paintbrush Materials 

Plains Indians Facts 

from Wikipedia

The Plains Indians are the Indigenous peoples who live on the plains and rolling hills of the Great Plains of North America.

Ghost Dance - Flutes, Drums and Pictures Video 

Ghost Dance - Native American - Power Drums - Spirit Pride

Fast paced, heart pounding beat. Ghost Dance by Apurimac III Nature Spirit Pride and beautiful art photos by J.D. Challenger, Frank Howell, and Howard Terpning.

Runtime: 5:34
125648 views
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Gift of the Sacred Dog 

The Gift of the Sacred Dog (Reading Rainbow Book)

Amazon Price: $6.99 (as of 07/06/2009)Buy Now

Gift of the Sacred Dog 

By Paul Goble

Native Americans
Level - Second Grade


About Paul Goble
Biography courtesy of HarperCollins Children's Books

Paul Goble grew up in England, where he developed a deep interest in the culture of the Plains Indians. In 1977, he came to live and study in the Black Hills of South Dakota.

Greatly influenced by his adoptive father, Chief Edgar Red Cloud, and other Native American people, Paul Goble has created an outstanding body of work that celebrates Plains Indian culture. His distinguished books include the Caldecott Medal-winning The Girl Who Loved Wild Horses, Buffalo Woman, Dream Wolf, Her Seven Brothers, Adopted by the Eagles, and Storm Maker's Tipi.

Paul Goble says, "Throughout my books I have tried to reflect the special Indian feeling of mystical relationship with nature." The New York Times describes Paul Goble's work as "a marriage of authentic design and contemporary artistry," declaring, "it succeeds beautifully." His artwork resides in a number of collections and institutions, including the Library of Congress and the South Dakota Art Museum.

Paul Goble lives in the Black Hills of South Dakota with his wife, Janet. He was recently named an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters by South Dakota State University in Brookings.

Language Arts
  • The children can make a Story Pyramid.
    1. Line 1 put 1 word name of a character.
    2. Line 2 put 2 words that describe the setting.
    3. Line 3 put 3 words that describe a character.
    4. Line 4 put 4 words in a sentence that describe one event.
    5. Line 5 put 5 words in a sentence that describe another event.
  • Other activities that are listed in the Grade 1 or Grade 3 unit may be adapted for this legend.

Social Studies
  • The Gift of the Sacred Dog is a retelling of a Sioux Indian legend. A study of the Sioux people can be undertaken. Terri Cohlene's, Brave Bear and the Ghosts: A Sioux Legend includes a chapter with photos and much information about the Souix tribe.
  • Activities from the first or third grade unit can be adapted to this story.

Science
  • Horses and mammals can be studied, using some of the research techniques using task cards and trade books listed below.
  • Weather patterns such as drought and famine can be studied and daily weather data recorded as with third grade.

Math
  • Simple graphing using paper horse cutouts in which each child colors a horse his/her favorite color and then places it on a prepared bar graph on chart paper.
  • The moccasin card with math facts Drop the Handkerchief game can be played.

Library and Information

CENTER 1 - Task Cards
Skills: The student:
... uses books to locate specific information.
... learns to take notes using key words and phrases.
Activity:
The students will be provided with task cards which ask them to find a certain page in a certain book. They then, read the page, close the book and copy a sentence from the card, filling in the blank.

Suggested books: Terri Cohlene's Indian Legends.
The teacher will prepare a task card to correspond with each of 6-8 (3 more than the number of students in the group) Native American books and have both books and task cards in the center.
On a pony or other Native American shaped card copy:
Task Card # ________ Gift of the Sacred Dogs

Find the book: ________________________________
Turn to page _________________________________.
Read the page. Close the book.
Copy the sentence below and fill in the blank.

CENTER 2 - Observation
Skills: The student:
... uses pictures to gain information and to present information.
... is able to convey information in written sentences.
Activity:
The students will observe the Indian display. They will write 5 words about Indian Life, then put the 5 words into sentences.

CENTER 3 - Listening
Skills: The student:
... learns to recall information based on print or non-print materials.
... appreciates literature on his/her own level.
Activity:
The students will view the Reading Rainbow episode of Gift of the Sacred Dog by Paul Goble.

CENTER 4 - Art
Skills: The student:
... uses pictures to gain information and to present information.
Activity:
The students will use the symbols of picture writing from Paul Goble's books as well as picture writing sheets to write a story on the front of their "Indian Portfolio" (a folded piece of 12 X 18 construction paper). If desired, the teacher can copy an image of the animal skin provided above.

Sioux Facts 

from Wikipedia

Sioux () are a Native American and First Nations people. The term can refer to any ethnic group within the Great Sioux Nation or any of the nation's many dialects. The Sioux comprise three major divisions based on dialect and subculture:

*Isanti ("Knife," originating from the name of a lake in present-day Minnesota): residing in the extreme east of the Dakotas, Minnesota, and northern Iowa, and are often referred to as the Santee or Eastern Dakota.

*Ihanktowan-Ihanktowana ("Village-at-the-end" and "little village-at-the-end"): residing in the Minnesota River area, they are considered to be the middle Sioux, and are often referred to as the Yankton, Nakota, or Western Dakota.

*Teton or Tetonwan (uncertain, perhaps "Dwellers on the Prairie"): the westernmost Sioux, known for their hunting and warrior culture, and are often referred to as the Lakota.

Today, the Sioux maintain many separate tribal governments scattered across several reservations, communities, and reserves in the Dakotas, Minnesota, Nebraska, and also in Manitoba and southern Saskatchewan in Canada.

Souix Dance 1850 Video 

Native American Sioux dance 1894

Sioux ghost and buffalo dance filmed by Thomas Edison in 1894

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73574 views
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Legend of the Bluebonnet 

The Legend of the Bluebonnet

Amazon Price: $6.99 (as of 07/06/2009)Buy Now

Legend of the Bluebonnet 

by Tomie dePaola

Native Americans
Level - Third Grade


About Tomie dePaola
Tomie dePaola always wanted to be an artist and began painting at age four. Every night his mother would read him stories, folktales and legends. He drew many pictures during his school years and went to the Pratt Institute, a special art college, to learn how to use all the art mediums.

After graduation he worked as an illustrator, but it took several years of hard work before he was offered a book to illustrate. His first book was called Sound. Since then he has illustrated over 100 books.

Tomie dePaola and his work have been recognized with the Caldecott Honor Award, the Newbery Honor Award and the New Hampshire Governor's Arts Award of Living Treasure.

He lives in New London, New Hampshire with his new Airedale dog, Brontë.

Visit his official website, Tomie.

Language Arts
  • Have each child fill out a character map on their favorite character from the story (see picture). Write the name of the character in the square. In the rectangles they will list adjectives or qualities that describe the character. In the ovals, the children write examples that support the adjectives.
  • Have the children write a "sequel" to the story telling what they think happened the next day.
  • Use a half-sheet postcard form and have the children write the author to tell him what they liked about the story and illustrate the other side of the postcard.

Social Studies
  • Use a map of North America showing the location of the various Native American tribes. These can be found in encyclopedias or on-line. Make a task card or set of questions about the Comanche Nation.
    example: In what state did/do the Comanche people live?
    What is the capital of that state?
    Name 2 rivers that are located in that state.
    What part of the state do the Comanche people live (north, south, east, west)?
    Name the state that is north (south, east, west) of the Comanche's state.
  • Have the students research their state flower and also the Native American tribes that lived in their area, then create a story about why the flower is so plentiful. Include information about the local Americans.
  • Have the students think of one thing that they could do to help or improve that would benefit people at school, at home, in the community or the world in general. Have them write a paragraph about it. These can be compiled into a class "To Make the World a Better Place" book.

Science
  • Discuss drought and famine and the weather conditions that cause such catastrophes. Have the children check the weather map either in the newspaper or on-line and record the temperature, rainfall, humidity, fronts, etc. for a week.
  • Conduct experiments which demonstrate the water cycle.
  • Using a blank chart discuss and record why it is important for us to take care of the animals, water, plants and air. Depending on the time of the year, seeds of the bluebonnet, corn or another state flower could be planted and observed.
  • Research the bird with the blue feathers that goes, "jay, jay".

Math
  • Students will use their weather data to calculate the total amount of rainfall, the number of days it was wet and dry, the number of days the temperature was above or below freezing, how much above or below the average rainfall, etc.
  • The students can graph their weather data.
  • Combine P.E. with Math by making small moccasin shaped cards from 4"X6" index cards or tagboard and put math problems on the cards. Play drop the handkerchief using the cards. If the child catches the child who dropped the card behind him and can answer the math problem, then he gets to drop the next card.


Library and Information Skills
CENTER 1 - PARAGRAPH WRITING

Skills: The student:
... is able to convey information in written sentences.
... recognizes the difference between a dictionary and an encyclopedia and what each is used for.

Activity:

Setliff: The students will observe the Indian display and fill out a web entitled "Indian Life".

CENTER 2 - Encyclopedia Use

Skills: The student:
... learns to use an encyclopedia of the appropriate reading level.
... learns to pick out the key words in a question and use them in either on-line searching or in an encyclopedia book.

Activity:
Both classes will use the encyclopedia to complete a "turkey trivia" or a page with research questions about Native Americans.

CENTER 3 - Listening

Skills: The student:
... learns to recall information based on print or non-print materials.
... appreciates literature from other generations and cultures.

Activity:
The students will view the book and audio of Legend of the Bluebonnet by Tomie de Paola.

CENTER 4 - Art

Skills: The student:
... uses pictures to gain information and to present information.

Activity:
The students will construct miniature tepees from construction paper and toothpicks. They will use Indian Picture writing to personalize their tepees.

EVALUATION

The skills in this unit can be evaluated by the teacher's and library media specialist's:
... monitoring of each student's completed tasks.
... utilization of a checklist to monitor task completion.

Texas Bluebonnet 

Comanche Facts 

from Wikipedia

The Comanche are a Native American ethnic group whose range (the Comancheria) consisted of present-day eastern New Mexico, southern Colorado, southern Kansas, all of Oklahoma, and most of northwest Texas. Originally, the Comanches were hunter-gatherers, with a typical Plains Indian culture. There may have been as many as 45,000 Comanches in the late 18th century.review by Frank McLynn of Pekka Hämäläinen, The Comanche Empire. Today, the Comanche Nation consists of approximately 14,105 members,Oklahoma Indian Affairs Commission. 2008 Pocket Pictorial. Page 11 about half of whom live in Oklahoma (centered at Lawton), and the remainder are concentrated in Texas, California, and New Mexico. The Comanche speak an Uto-Aztecan language, sometimes classified as a Shoshone dialect.

Rain Dance Video 

Rain Dance

Enjoy :D

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Indian Children

Where we walk to school each day,
Indian children used to play--
All about our native land,
Where the shops and houses stand.

And the trees were very tall,
And there were no streets at all,
Not a church and not a steeple--
Only woods and Indian people.

Only wigwams on the ground,
And at night bears prowling round--
What a different place today
Where we live and work and play!

by Annette Wynne

Native Americans of the United States 

from Wikipedia

Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States, including parts of Alaska and the island state of Hawaii. They comprise a large number of distinct tribes, states, and ethnic groups, many of which survive as intact political communities. There has been a wide range of terms used to describe them and no consensus has been reached among indigenous members as to what they collectively prefer to be called. Native Americans have also been known as Indians, American Indians, Aboriginal Americans, Amerindians,

Amerinds, Colored,First Americans, Indigenous, Original Americans, Red Indians, or Red Men.

European colonization of the Americas led to centuries of conflict and adjustment between Old and New World societies. Most of the written historical record about Native Americans was made by Europeans after initial contact. Native Americans lived in hunter/farmer subsistence societies with significantly different value systems than those of the European colonists. The differences in culture between the Native Americans and Europeans, and the shifting alliances among different nations of each culture, led to great misunderstandings and long lasting cultural conflicts.

Estimates of the pre-Columbian population of what today constitutes the United States of America vary significantly, ranging from 1 million to 18 million.

After the colonies revolted against Great Britain and established the United States of America, the ideology of Manifest destiny became integral to the American nationalist movement. In the late 18th century, George Washington and Henry Knox conceived of the idea of "civilizing" Native Americans in preparation of American citizenship.

Assimilation (whether voluntary as with the Choctaw,

or forced) became a consistent policy through American administrations. In the early decades of the 19th century, Native Americans of the American Deep South were removed from their homelands to accommodate American expansion. By the American Civil War, many Native American nations had been relocated west of the Mississippi River. Major Native American resistance took place in the form of "Indian Wars," which were frequent up until the 1890s.

Native Americans today have a unique relationship with the United States of America. They can be found as members of nations, tribes, or bands of Native Americans who have sovereignty or independence from the government of the United States. Their societies and cultures still flourish amidst a larger immigrated American populace of African, Asian, Middle Eastern, and European peoples. Native Americans who were not already U.S. citizens were granted citizenship in 1924 by the Congress of the United States.

Native Americans - Photos 

R-Native American Indian Dancer by R-Rated Birdman of Hell Paso

Thank you for placing this in

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Photo of Susie McGowan sitting in the Yosemite Valley floor. She is holding her ...

The Apache!  (Native American Indian) by a2roland

Apache Indian, POWWOW Festival

Yosemite Native American basket maker - Leanna Tom, 1924 by Yosemite Native American

Leanna Tom a Yosemite - Mono Lake Paiute Native American Indian basket maker. Le...

Native American Indians..view Large ! by delitefulimage

Middletown, Ohio

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Shelly wrote

Listening to the Ghost Dance, I actually did a report on it in Native American studies back in college. I work in a school and know some teachers will be interested in some of your ideas--so very well done!

Reply Posted January 29, 2009

chefkeem wrote...

Blessed by a Booster Angel! Beautiful lens!

ReplyPosted October 29, 2008

Tipi wrote...

I am simplly thrilled with your lens. I love the materials and photos, and things that you wrote. A very nice lens to visit. Thanks to the Creater! *****

ReplyPosted October 26, 2008

ElizabethJeanAllen wrote...

Welcome to the Totally Awesome Lenses Group.
Lizzy

ReplyPosted October 25, 2008

ElizabethJeanAllen wrote...

What a wonderful lens! Very informative and the artwork is beautiful.
5*
Lizzy

ReplyPosted October 25, 2008

 
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