Normal Blood Pressure

Normal Blood Pressure
The target blood pressure reading for most people is now well defined by research.

Two numbers are always used to describe your BP reading.

The first number refers to the Systolic Blood Pressure and the second number relates to the Diastolic Blood Pressure.

A typical blood pressure reading might be written in your doctors notes as BP = 145 / 75 mmHg.

This means that the systolic reading is 145 mm of mercury and the diastolic reading is 75 mm of mercury. When speaking about these numbers your doctor might say "one hundred and forty five over seventy five" - using the word "over" in place of the slash between the numbers

Normal blood pressure readings should be below 140/85 if you do not have diabetes and below 130/80 if you do.

The high number in the above examples is called the systolic reading and the lower number is called the diastolic reading. It's the combination of these two numbers that decides the need for treatment in any given case.

The machine used to obtain a blood pressure reading is called a sphygmomanometer. In years gone by these machines were filled with a column of liquid mercury - a bit like the sort of thermometer that your grandmother might have used to check your temperature. Because of this historical measuring method, BP reading measurements are still given today in mm of mercury or mmHg for short (Hg is the chemical symbol for mercury).

Systolic Blood Pressure Reading
The systolic pressure reading measures the force that the heart uses when it contracts and pushes the blood round the arteries of the body. The systolic level is the higher of the two numbers recorded.

Diastolic Blood Pressure Reading
The diastolic pressure reading measures the force that is needed to fill up the heart as it relaxes and gets ready for its next contraction. The diastolic level is the lower of the two numbers recorded.

Pulse Pressure
The pulse pressure reading is calculated by subtracting the diastolic reading from the systolic reading. So with a blood pressure reading of 145 / 70 then the pulse pressure would be equal to 145 minus 70 or 75.

To remind you again then:

* if you are diabetic then a normal (or acceptable) blood pressure would be below 130/80

* if you are not diabetic then a normal blood pressure reading would be below 140/85

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