Agrarian Reform: The Philippines
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Agrarian Policy from CARP to CARPER
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Creating the CARP Program
The human cost of CARP
Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program Extension with Reforms
The renewal/extension of the Philippines land reform program, CARP, which is called Carp (Extensions and Reforms) could be described as almost invalidating the expiring policy, or as giving it teeth, depending on your point of view. In particular, the provision for voluntary land transfer was abolished.Landlords were using it in illegal ways to transfer land effectively back to themselves (to their own families). So you could argue that made it harder for landlords. On the other hand, who "polices" the rules was "clarified" and much restricted. One could argue that by having only the Philippines Supreme Court having the power to retrain government, that would be a defense against more local judicial bribery. But both that reform, and the "strengthening" Congressional oversight, need to be proved in action. That remains to be seen, especially under the new Presidency of "Noynoy" Aquino..
Link to WikiPilipinas article
- Fiery October 2010 - Peasant protests on the First 100 Days
- iery October 2010, Peasant protests on the First 100 Days of Noynoy Aquino as President and the Protest on the Anniversary of PD 27, the sham land reform...
- RA 9700 - CARPER Law - now one year old Leyte Samar Daily Express
- Saturday February 19th 2011 One year has passed since the August 7, 2009 signing into law of Republic Act No. 9700...
- Focus on the Global South-Philippines
- Agrarian Reform Agenda: Uncertain under P-Noy's Administration?
CARPER Under NoyNoy
- Noynoy government not satisfied with pro-landlord CARPer
- Noynoy government not satisfied with pro-landlord CARPer, uses Oplan Bayanihan to terrorize peasants | Kilusang Magbubukid ng Pilipinas
- Mong Palatino Blog Archive: Why agrarian reform?
- Mong has been a blogger since 2004. He is a youth activist and Member of Philippine Parliament representing Kabataan Partylist.
Peace, technology and politics: Edsa and inequality
Why agrarian reform?
- PIA daily news in English, Tagalog, Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Ilocano, Waray, Pangalatok from around the Philippines
- Philippine Information Agency, the official information arm of the Philippine government, member of the Presidential Communications Group
- CSOs express support for PNoy; recommends top 3 issues for NorMin | CBCP News
- CAGAYAN DE ORO City, March 24, 2011-Leaders and members of different Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) in Northern Mindanao expressed Wednesday their wholehearted support and trust in President Benigno Simeon "Noynoy" C. Aquino III to implement the much-needed change in the country.
Progress towards reform?
Recent Reports on CARPER
- Hacienda Luisita and the farce of Philippine land reform
- What hides behind the opaque language and convoluted logic of the Supreme Court decision is the final scrapping of even the most limited land reform in the Philippines.
- venezuela.indymedia.org | Aquino: Finish land reform in the Philippines
- Three days before the 2011 commemoration of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform law (CARL), advocates who campaigned for the extension and improvement of the law banded together to call on President Benigno Simeon Aquino III to finish the just distribution of all agricultural lands.
- Government killing agrarian reform | Inquirer Business
- Is the government supporting or killing agrarian reform? Based on the current 2012 government budget deliberations, the latter is more likely.
Omi Royondoyan, co-convenor of the "Save Agrarian Reform Alliance," recently gave us an excerpt on "Declaration of Unity": "We know from experience that the achievement of agrarian reform goals relies heavily on the annual budget allocated by Congress." - No land reform in Nueva Ecija - Bulatlat
- "We all know that Nueva Ecija is the country's rice granary but farmers still do not own the lands they till and worse, they are being displaced because farm lands are being converted." - Joseph Canlas, AMGL chairman.
- World bank: Philippines: Rural Road Transforms The Lives Of Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries In Quezon Province
- Agrarian reform beneficiaries in Macalelon town in Quezon Province used to find it difficult and costly to bring farm produce to the market since they had to hike for hours through rough and muddy trails to reach the national highway.
The completion of an all-weather rural road and the provision of credit and other support services in the agrarian reform community opened up opportunities for farmers to diversity into high-value vegetables and livestock, thus improving their incomes by 238 percent.
Farmers in the agrarian reform community are now able to afford college education for their children.
Feeding the Stock
Lobster Breeding Farm, Malamawi Is.
Photographer: Jjarivera, 10/06/08. image is in the Public Domain
Samal fisherfolk engaged in Lobster culture, a project of USAID GEM in Malamawi Is., Isabela City
Readings About Reform
General Texts About Agrarian Reform
What SHOULD agrarian reform do?
Vote for your priority. Add your own suggestions.
There are many versions of agrarian reform. What are the most important priorities for an agrarian reform program, particularly for the Philippines? Maybe some of these are already policy. If not, why not? (Please keep your contributions on topic. Comments which are simply advertising of irrelevant products or services will be deleted.)
Establish producer co-ops
Ensure farmers are not exploited by produce buyers and cartels by creating associations of crop growers to help manage the market2 points
Promote education and technology
Provide accessible instruction on effective techniques and new technologies, and demonstration projects for new crops, varieties, and technologies2 points
Control the costs of tenancy
Limit the charges that owners can pass on to tenant farmers, so that tenants are not exploited, and landlords get a fair return on their investment1 point
Crop insurance and subsidy
Protect both owners and tenant farmers against catastrophic crop loss from disease or weather, provide subsidies for more effective crop choice and crop management1 point
Ensure womens' rights in agricultural policy and ownership policy
Make sure women are not discriminated against in the operation of agrarian policy, but enabled. Promote micro-finance and related empowerment projects.1 point
Redistribute land more equitably
Reduce the concentration of land amongst a few owners by giving tenant farmers the right to purchase land and grants and subsidies to do so0 points
Organizations
- Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR)
- The Department of Agrarian Reform is the lead implementing agency of Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP).
- Department of Agrarian Reform
- Wikipedia article on Department of Agrarian Reform (Philippines)
- Bureau of Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries Development (BARBD) - Home
- BARBD: Knowledge Resource Center for Program Beneficiaries Development
- SocioEconomic Research Portal for The Philippines
- An online electronic database of completed, ongoing and pipeline research studies related to economic development and policymaking in the Philippines.
- Land Research Action Network
- - Land Reform, Agrarian Reform - News, Analysis, and Research on Land Reform and Agrarian Change Around the World.News: Reports and Press Releases about the Philippines
- Philippine Institute of Development Studies
- Main Page
- Bondoc Solidarity - Land Reform Struggle in the Philippines
- Farmer Struggle in Bondoc Peninsula
- Philippine Agrarian Reform Foundation for National Development
- PARFUND helps some of the poorest people in the Philippines - landless farmers and indigenous peoples - receive land tenure. The Philippines has a government-backed program called the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP), which redistributes land to landless farmers and laborers. It also has a land tenure program for indigenous peoples. We help ensure these programs are implemented
Competing Views and Strategies on Agrarian Reform
Saturnino M. Borras Jr.
Competing Views and Strategies on Agrarian Reform: International Perspective
Amazon Price: $34.95 (as of 06/03/2012)
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Release Date: 12/31/1969
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(From the Publisher's Notes)
These two broadly distinct but closely related books. Competing Views and Strategies on Agrarian Reform: International Perspective and Competing Views and Strategies on Agrarian Reform: Philippine Perspective aims to broaden the discussion by focusing on international political, policy and theoretical debates, as well as on some empirical cases from different countries that are relevant to the study of agrarian issues in the Philippines. The second book aims to deepen the discussion by focusing on the Philippine agrarian reform experience, but drawing lessons that are relevant to theory-building and to policy discourse and political actions in situations elsewhere. The overarching theme of the twin books is critical thinking : conventional assumptions are interrogated, popular propositions critically examined, and new ways of questioning proposed.
Borras shows that agrarian reform accomplishments need to be examined in a disaggregated fashion and judgments made locally about the redistributive content of particular reform processes. Here he sets an important theoretical and methodological standard for all subsequent studies of reform in the Philippines and elsewhere. . . . One of the more important insights of his work has been to demonstrate why the redistribution of public, or forest, lands, often excluded from analysis of redistributive reform, can have important redistributive content (necessitating an analysis of effective property arrangements within lands formally considered public ). Here again Borras sets a new standard for future studies of agrarian reform.
Competing Views and Strategies on Agrarian Reform: Philippine Perspective
Amazon Price: $36.95 (as of 06/03/2012)
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From the Foreword by James Putzel (London School of Economics).
Borras is one of the few outstanding scholars on land issues and peasant studies who have rightfully elevated the concerns of the rural poor into the mainstream of intellectual discussion and debate. The importance of [this book] lies in the alternative interpretation of various contentious land reform issues which, in many ways, go against conventional and traditional critiques from both the elite, NGO, and peasant/farmworker viewpoints. Eduardo Tadem, University of the Philippines
Release Date: 12/31/1969
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Assessments and Evaluations
- Impact of Agrarian Reform on Poverty
- Celia M. Reye, Philippine Institute for Development Studies DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES NO. 2002-0
... results show that agrarian reform has had a positive impact on farmer beneficiaries... - Agrarian Reform Philippines | Economy Watch
- Agrarian Reform Philippines not only accelerated the productivity of the agricultural sector of the country, but promoted the agro-based industries as well.
- SD: Institutions : Agrarian reform in the Philippines
- Posted February 1998 Agrarian reform in the Philippines prepared by
the Asian NGO Coalition for Agrarian Reform and Rural Development (ANGOC) Manila, Philippines - Philippines Land Reform Program a Failure, Study Shows
- Pinoy Press, Dec 3, 2007
- Agrarian Reform in the Philippines
- Development Research News, vol. 5, #3, May-June 1987
- Politics and Economics of Land Reform in the Philippines: a survey
- Nobuhiko Fuwa, Chiba University, Japan, May 2000
A background paper prepared for a World Bank Study, Dynamism of Rural Sector Growth: Policy Lessons from East Asian Countries - The Philippine Agrarian Reforms and their Impact on Rural Households
- Bachelorarbeit, Anne Lanfer, Kiel, March 2006
Philippines Agrarian Reform Today
Contemporary Commentaries
- Aquino fails to meet land reform target
- By Philip C. Tubeza MANILA, Philippines?They risked their lives for his mother in the twilight of the Marcos regime and voted him for president in 2010 but now more than 5000 peasants from across the country are marching on Manila because the Aquino ...
- Over 5000 farmers start march from provinces to Malacañang
- Some 5200 farmers from various provinces started over the weekend a 10-day march to Malacañang to push for the completion of agrarian reform program by President Benigno Aquino III. Many of the farmers will come from some provinces in Mindanao and ...
- DAR holds workshop for field personnel
- a basic news and feature writing workshop for its field personnel composed of 28 municipal agrarian reform officers (MAROs) and development facilitators (DFs) last May 23 at the DAR Cebu conference room. Philippine Information Agency in Central Visayas ...
- DAR Automates Luisita Land Distribution
- By MARVYN N. BENANING MANILA, Philippines - The Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) has established a computerized system to speed up the distribution of land to beneficiaries in Hacienda Luisita. It is the first time that DAR has resorted to using ...
- Genuine Agrarian Reform Can Help Philippines Deal With Crisis
- (Bulatlat, May 23, 2009) Philippines news, breaking news, special reports, blogs, opinion, multimedia
- Peasant Group Challenges Next Government to Implement Genuine Agrarian Reform, National Industrialization
- Bulatlat, june 5, 2010
- *** CARPER: CARP Extension with Reforms ***
- Kaisahan - agrarian reform, rural development, local governance, Philippines
Top Ten Texts on Agrarian Reform
Agrarian Reform in the Philippines: Democratic Transitions and Redistributive Reform by Jeffrey Riedinger
This book evaluates the capacity of new democratic more...1 point
Rehabilitating The Copra Crop
A coconut (copra)processing plant in Basilan
Photographer: Jjarivera, 09/22/08. Image is in the Public Domain
"Coconut plantations have been rehabilitated starting 2006, owing to the steep rise in copra prices of late. A comprehensive replanting and rehabilitation program is currently being implemented by the Philippine Coconut Authority and the Department of Agriculture for the resuscitation of the island's copra production industry, once the Philippine's second-largest copra exporter after Quezon province in Luzon." From the Wikipedia article on Basilan
Issues and Events
During the DAR Program
- Agrarian Reform Gives Land to the Wealthy
- This report focuses on the 220-hectare Hacienda Tinang in Tarlac, once owned by Benigno Aquino Sr. and sold to the wealthy de Leon family of Pampanga. It narrates how the de Leon heirs circumvented land reform by faking a voluntary offer of sale where the land was supposedly sold, in smaller parcels
- Agrarian reform face-off looms - INQUIRER.net, Philippine News for Filipinos
- Agrarian reform face-off looms
Debate over extension, funding of CARP - Ethical Sugar - The Philippines : Farmers storm agrarian reform office
- Ethical Sugar is a civil society organization which brings together trade unions, manufacturers and civil society within a sustainable development process in order to improve the social and environmental conditions of the sugar and biofuel sector within the framework of a globalized economy.
CAGAYAN DE ORO - Rock-wielding farmers, desperate that the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (Carp) will end this year, stormed the Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) regional office in Barangay Carmen, Cagayan de Oro Wednesday (1/7/09) - SERP-P
- Philippines: agrarian reform infrastructure support project - making agrarian reform work
- SD: Institutions : Agrarian reform in the Philippines
- Posted February 1998
Agrarian reform in the Philippinesprepared by
the Asian NGO Coalition for Agrarian Reform and Rural Development (ANGOC) Manila, Philippinesfrom Agrarian reform, land settlement and cooperatives, 1997 (FAO, 1997)
IN THE PHILIPPINES, as the country is about to celebrate 100 year
Papers on Selected Agriculture Sectors
some papers are out-of-date "statistically", but still valid "structurally"
- Meat and Dairy Processing Industry:
- Impact of Trade Policies on Performance, Competitiveness and Structure
- Vegetable Program Area Research Planning & Prioritization
- Vegetable Program Area Research Planning & Prioritization
- Hatchery-Bred Milkfish: Research,& Development
- The Milkfish Broodstock-Hatchery Research and Development Program and Industry: A Policy Study
- Hatchery-Bred Milkfish: Industry Necessities
- Hatchery-Bred Milkfish Fry: A Must for Fisheries Development!
- The Evolution of Rice Production
- The Evolution of Rice Production
- Rice that Filipinos Grow and Eat
- Rice that Filipinos Grow and Eat
Basilan Island, Mindanao
Basilan is known as the country's leading rubber producer
Related Lenses
Agriculture, Energy, and Economy in the Philippines
Selected Crops
Some Final Words...
International and Theoretical Perspectives
- The Agrarian History of South Asia: A Bibliographic Essay
- David Ludden, History, New York University
- LandGrab Final Web
- The Great Land Grab Rush for World's Farmland Threatens Food Security for The Poor
- State-led and Market-assisted Land Reforms
- State-led and Market-assisted Land Reforms:
History, Theory, and Insight from the Philippines
UGO PICA CIAMARRA (2003) - State/Society Relations in Land Reform
- State/Society Relations in Land Reform: Implementation in the Philippines
Saturnino M. Borras Jr.
ABSTRACT
Contrary to earlier pessimistic predictions, the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Programme (CARP) in the Philippines has achieved significant success in land redistribution, although not quite matching the original claims of the state. The dominant public policy and land reform literature, broadly divided between state-centred and society-centred approaches, has difficulty in fully explaining the unexpected outcomes of the CARP process. Going beyond these dichotomous views, and using Fox's interactive framework for analysing state±society relations, this article argues that redistributive land reform can be implemented in a politically hostile situation when initiatives by state reformists `from above' positively interact with social mobilizations `from below'
Guestbook
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TTMall
Feb 28, 2012 @ 4:25 pm | delete
- It looks very helpful. Thank you very much!
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KonaGirl
Feb 24, 2012 @ 10:26 pm | delete
- I have Filipino relatives and friends in Hawaii and my doctor in New York is also Filipino. It keeps my interest in the Philippine Islands always active. When was the last time you were there? I will have to read more of your lens on the subject.
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mary_lighthouse15
Feb 21, 2012 @ 9:56 pm | delete
- You've been to the Philippines? Thanks for sharing this information.
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VKumar
Feb 4, 2012 @ 2:00 pm | delete
- Agrarian reforms are a key to human development world wide. Nice Lens. Great share.
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cffutah
Oct 19, 2011 @ 8:46 pm | delete
- glad to browse upon your lens tonight, 'thumbs up' to you.
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Agrarian Reform in the Philippines: Democratic Transitions and Redistributive Reform
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Poverty And The Critical Security Agenda (Critical Security Series)
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This book brings to bear many theoretical perspectives on social agency and the role of the state in the alleviation of poverty, on the agricultural economy of the Philippines. It should be essential reading for Filipino decision-makers. It should also be read by all interested in agrarian reform, not just those interested in the Filipino case.
The Philippines: The Political Economy of Growth and Impoverishment in the Marcos Era
Amazon Price: $8.80 (as of 06/03/2012)
