Understanding Tens, Hundreds and Beyond
Pick the biggest pumpkin you can find. Cut off the top and smell the fresh pumpkin smell. Carving a Jack O'Lantern leads into a mathematical unit study of place value that incorporates all five senses.
Counting pumpkin seeds into groups of 10's, 100's etc. helps children understand our decimal system and prepares them in a concrete way to understand higher level math.
Scoop out those seeds, roast them if you like and count your way into a concrete understanding of place value.
Place Value Table of Contents

- Observing Pumpkins
- How Many Seeds in a Pumpkin?
- Counting Pumpkin Seeds to 10
- Pumpkin Literacy Bag
- Hundreds of Turkeys
- More Ideas for Teaching Place Value
- Using Frog Spawn to Teach Place Value
- Going beyound Tens and Ones
- Pumpkin and Place Value Lapbooks
- Downloadable Pumpkin Stories
- Place Value in the News!
- Pumpkins and Place Value is in the Four Wheeler's Online Unit Study Directory
- Pumpkins and Place Value Talk
Observing Pumpkins

As a child I helped my father drop seeds into the hills of garden dirt mixed with just enough compost to feed the growing pumpkin plants.


I watched the seeds sprout, the vines twine around and spread out. The yellow blossoms opened up for the bees and then died off to reveal the small green baby pumpkins.
Later I helped my mom make pumpkin pies, pumpkin bread and pumpkin pudding. We even added pumpkin to spaghetti sauce.
My favorite day was the day my dad would bring the biggest pumpkin up onto the porch to carve into a Jack-o-lantern.

But I never observed a pumpkin so well as the day I helped my students count the pumpkin seeds.
How Many Seeds in a Pumpkin?
Picture Books that Explain Place Value

October is a great month for counting pumpkin seeds. Have each child bring in a pumpkin. You can estimate the weight, measure the circumference, count the ridges, and carve it with geometric shapes. There are 10's if not 100's of ways to use math to describe a pumpkin.
Counting the seeds is one of my favorite ways to explore place value. During the week before we will be counting seeds I ask parents to send in a pumpkin. I introduce the Pumpkin Theme by reading From Seed to Pumpkin in order to learn about the lifecycle of the pumpkin.

When all of the pumpkins have been brought in we put them in order from smallest to largest and then estimate the number of seeds in each pumpkin.
Estimating the number of seeds in the pumpkin.

1. Each child writes an estimate for the number of seeds they think are in the pumpkin.
2. Attach estimates above the numberline.
To better understand estimation it is important to repeat the process several times so carving, cutting and counting a pumpkin should be done in groups of 3 or 4 children leaving enough pumpkins for several days.
- Halloween Word Book
- This pumpkin book is a good place for students to record Halloween spelling words for spirited drill-and-practice activities at home or school.
Cut off the Top of the Pumpkin
Use all Five Senses


Photo Credit: Smell the Pumpkin
on Flickr, Creative Commons.
1. Listen to the squeaky sound as the top is cut off. Cutting into a pumpkin is difficult and the knife is wedged in tightly, causing vibrations which cause the sound you hear.
2. Cut off the top and look inside. Notice how each fiber leads to a seed.
3. Can you smell the pumpkin? Does it smell the same as pumpkin pie?
4. Does the outside of the pumpkin feel dry or moist? How does the inside feel? Do you see beads of moisture forming where you cut off the top?

5. Use your fingers to pull out all the seeds; separating them from the fibers or strings as you go. Spread the seeds out on a tray and dry them or roast them in a warm oven.
6. Use a large spoon to scrape our the strings. It is safe to taste the strings. Do they taste the way you would expect? Do they taste like pumpkin pie?
7. Do you think your estimate was lower or higher than the number you recorded? Write down your new estimate.
Scoop Out the Pumpkin Seeds
Using a spoon or fingers scoop out all of the seeds and spread them out on a newspaper or paper towels to dry.
Pumpkin Seed Counting Mats

For each group of children:
1. ONES: On a small orange plastic plate use a permanent marker to draw 10 seeds.
2. TENS: Take 10 orange Gatorade covers and hotglue green felt or plastic stems on them for decoration.
2. HUNDREDS: Get 10 small plastic hollow pumpkins used for party favors.
4. Get 1 large plastic pumpkin used for Trick or Treating.
5. On a poster board draw a diagram of the Place Values for ones, tens, hundreds, and thousands. Draw outlines for each of the containers and write the words for each of the places above the spaces for the containers.
Children put one seed on each seed on the orange plate. When there is a seed on each spot on the orange plate transfer it to a Gatorade cap.
When all Gatorade caps are full transfer them to a small pumpkin.
When all small pumpkins are full transfer them to the large pumpkin.
When all the seeds have been places on the mats it's time to write the numbers on the Place Valve Worksheet.

Younger children may need to glue the seeds on and count only up to 30 or 50 after carving very small pumpkins.
- RaisingOurKids.com - Free Printable Halloween Coloring Pages
- RaisingOurKids.com - Free Printable Halloween Coloring Pages
- Printable Worksheet: Place Value Chart
- Use these Place Value Worksheets for keeping numbers in the right columns.
- Math Tub Fun
- Hands-On Place Value Activities
Writing the Numbers on the Place Value Worksheet

Now count the number of seeds that did not make a complete set of 10 and write that number in the ones column.
Count the number of left over Gatorade caps and write that digit in the tens column.
Then count the number of small pumpkins with seeds and write that digit in the hundreds column.
Finally count the number of large pumpkins, if any, and write that number in the thousands column.
Now you know how many seeds were in the pumpkin.
Compare the exact number with your estimates.
Pumpkin Containers

1. Put one seed at a time on the plastic orange plate.
2. Ten pumpkin seeds go in a small plastic pumpkin.
3. Ten small plastic pumpkins go in the large plastic pumpkin.
Count the Pumpkins in the pumpkin Patch
Make a stack of pumpkin shaped cardstock cutouts. Write two digit numbers on the pumpkins. On the back draw the pumpkins for self checking.


Each child or pair of children needs a pumpkin Patch Mat, some Pumpkin Cards, 9 Pumpkin Erasers and 9 pumpkin seeds. Erasers are worth 10 seeds.
Children show the number of pumpkins growing in the field using Erasers and Seeds.
Pumpkin Seed Math Books
Counting pumpkin seeds,
Oh what fun!
How many seed inside this big one?

Find all the members of the nine family using pumpkin seeds as math manipulatives.
- Pumpkin Seed Math Books
- Pumpkin seed counting ideas from Kim's Kindergarten class.
Books for Teachers about Place Value
These are the very best books I have found for teaching Place Value using hands-on methods. They have hundreds of ideas for making math come alive for the children.
The idea for counting pumpkin seeds, from the Mathematics Their Way program, was one of the first hands-on lessons I taught and it is still one of my favorites.
How did you come to understand Place Value?
Maybe you still don't understand it. For me it wasn't until I was doing my Student Teaching and I worked with a wonderful teacher who was beginning to use the Math Their Way method of teaching.
As I helped the children make groups of ten objects and group those ten objects to make hundreds it all started to make sense. The numbers were no longer just numbers on paper. They now had meaning.
This need to understand the significance of each digit becomes important as children begin to learn to multiply and divide large numbers.
How did you learn Place Value?
Fetching blurbs now... please stand byNumbers written on paper and pencil
Joan4 says:
I have no idea! Way back in the olden days, we did not even use that term. We simply learned math. Period! I love the new ways of teaching concepts first!
Posted October 16, 2009
LilliputStation says:
I learn best from books, so I'm pretty sure I didn't learn from manipulatives.
Posted October 27, 2008
Evelyn_Saenz says:
I start with lots of hands-on activities and then gradually show them how putting digits in the correct place represent the concepts they have learned.
Posted October 17, 2008
Bundling objects together
KimGiancaterino says:
I still have a compulsion to count items I see, especially things that are grouped together.
Posted October 16, 2009
Mickie_G says:
Probably when a child and on paper and pencil, but I am sure I never understood it then. I really began understand mathematics when I became a Montessori teacher and used the golden beads.
Posted October 10, 2008
groovyoldlady says:
Oh come on. I'm SO old. I don't remember how I learned place value! Did they teach that back in the cave?
However, my older kids learned it by using "found" manipulatives: buttons, pennies, cut-outs, pictures, blocks...whatever.
My younger kids learned the concept formally with purchased math manipulatives and the ever fun "Decimal Street" advocated by MathUSee plus all of the above and some fun computer games.
Posted September 19, 2008
Mortira says:
Our class room had blocks that were attached together in groups of 1, 10 and 100. We could count rows and combine differnt blocks to create numbers.
Posted September 11, 2008
Counting Pumpkin Seeds to 10
Counting Pumpkin Seeds

Children can use pumpkin seeds to show the value of a number or the answer to a math problem.
- Once I had a Pumpkin
- Dr. Jean's Pumpkin Page
- Pumpkin Seed Count
- Estimating, Grouping and Counting Seeds
Pass the Pumpkin
Pumpkin Seed Place Value
Program pumpkin cutouts with numbers between 0 and 99.
1. Pass the pumpkin while playing music.
2. When the music stops the child holding the pumpkin takes out a pumpkin card, reads the number and shows it's value by setting out the correct number of small plastic pumpkins (tens) and seeds (ones).
Variation: Once the group understands how to play this game it can be played in small groups of 3 or 4 at the same time.
Note:Make sure that the groups are of mixed abilities and that everyone gets a chance to show the number values.
Ten Little Pumpkins

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Russell, Mary...
Buy at AllPosters.com
Here is a song to help little pumpkin counters count the ten seeds that go into the small plastic pumpkins.
Ten Little Pumpkins
(tune of Ten Little Indians)
One little, two little, three little pumpkins.
Four little, five little, six little pumpkins.
Seven little, eight little, nine little pumpkins.
Ten little pumpkins growing in a patch.
Ten little, nine little, eight little pumpkins.
Seven little, six little, five little pumpkins,
Four little, three little, two little pumpkins.
One little pumpkin growing in a patch.

If you're going to try making ten of these cute little Lego Pumpkins you are going to have to collect lots of orange Legos. Here are the directions and quantities to make one:


How many orange Lego bricks would it take to make ten pumpkins?
- LEGO Halloween
- Directions for building a 3-D pumpkin.
More Pumpkin Math Activities

The face of a Jack-o-lantern is usually made of geometric shapes.
- Mrs.Mumpower
- How many Unifix cubes high is your pumpkin?
- Pumpkin Math
- Pumpkin Math Worksheet
- Pumpkin Seed Count -- Acitivites
- Pumpkin Worksheets and Activities
More great Math Activities can be founed at:

Buy at AllPosters.com
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Enjoying Educational Games
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What do kids do best? Play of course. Why not encourage this natural tendency by providing your children with great entertaining games that just happen to be educational as well. Educational Games such as Mancala and Set teach math concep...
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Hands-on Math Activities
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Children learn and truly understand mathematical concepts best when engaged in hands-on activities and games. By manipulating everyday objects, playing games and finding out ways of solving everyday problems children gain a true understanding of the...
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Skip Count, Skip Count, Count by Two's
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Skip Counting is what you do when you count by 10's, 5's or 2's. All young children learn to Skip Count but did you realize that this is one of the beginning steps to learning multiplication. This lens has rhymes, songs and activities for teaching S...
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Autumn Unit Study
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Leaves are crunching below your feet and geese are flying overhead. It's time to gather in the pumpkins and munch on crisp ripe apples. Watch the squirrels gather nuts and the birds fight over the sunflower seeds. Fall is here and learning is all aro...
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Natural Math Manipulatives
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A hands-on approach to learning new concepts involving all 5 senses makes understanding easier and quicker for learners of all styles. Here you will find manipulatives that intrigue, excite and encourage exploration. From wooden blocks to needle fel...
Pumpkin Crafts

- Pumpkin Seed Mosaic - Sculpture - KinderArt
- Free sculpture and collage lesson plans for kids, parents, teachers and homeschoolers
- Walk Beside Me: Getting Back on Track (aka my little pumpkin head)

A wonderful blog of homeschooling activities for preschool aged children.
The pumpkin craft invites ideas of counting pumpkin seeds, adding lines to separate numbers of seeds, or writing pumpkin patch stories that could be hidden inside.
Pumpkin Calendar Pattern

Make a pattern with pumpkins, leaves and apples for your calendar. Each day you slip in the next number and guess the pattern as each day's picture is revealed.
Pumpkin Number Line

Make a number line adding a number each day. Write the numbers 1-9 on each of the and the number 10 on the large pumpkin. Continue on for the rest of the month or until you get to as high a number as your children are learning to count to.
Number lines help children visualize the meaning of Place Value.
Activities to add to your Pumpkin Literacy Bag

- Pumpkin Concentration
- Color, label and laminate the pumpkin cards.
They could be labeled with Word Wall Words, Pumpkin Theme words, or words used for Place Value.
Teachering about Pumpkins
Pumpkin Literacy Bag

Books and activities for the Pumpkin Literacy Bag.
Pumpkin Literacy Bag
Literacy bags encourage children to share their learning with their families. I include both a fiction and a non-fiction book about pumpkins, some pumpkin seeds in a Ziploc bag, and a few small plastic pumpkins.
I also include a a Teddy Bear with a pumpkin sweater and his journal so that the children can record the adventures of Pumpkinseed Bear while visiting their home.
Pumpkin Seed Bear and Literacy Bag
Place Value and Pumpkins

- NEA: Predicting Pumpkins
- Is there a relationship between a pumpkin's size and the number of seeds it contains?
- In the Heart of my Home: Gnomes, gnumbers, place value and pumpkins
- A lesson in place value
- Predicting Pumpkins Worksheet
- Make a Prediction
- Pumpkin Math
- Counting Pumpkin Seeds
Place Value beyond the Pumpkins

After all the pumpkins have been gathered and the seeds have been counted, what can you do to continue learning Place Value concepts?
From daily calendar count to I have, Who has card games the learning fun never ends.


- Activities : Play Placemat Place Value
- Ordinary drinking straws are fun for drinking juice and even for spitballs when you're not looking, but also fabulous for learning first grade math.
- Mathwire.com | Place Value Activities
- Place Value Practice: School Day Count Routine
Students need many different activities to develop a conceptual understanding of our base-ten number system. - Math on a Roll
- Build skills in place value, addition and subtraction, multiplication, and more with these easy dice games
More Pumpkin Ideas
- Pumpkin Unit - Mrs. Nelson's Class
- Contains classroom photos, thematic teaching ideas for throughout the year, and resources for teaching reading, writing, and math.
- Welcome to the Pumpkin Patch
- Weigh a pumpkin. After scooping out the seeds and pulp, weigh the pumpkin again and compare the two weights.
- Counting Pumpkins by 10's Book
- Pictures of tens of pumpkins with very simple text. Ebook or pdf format.
- Easy Pumpkin Song for Kids
- Five Little Pumpkins
Language Focus: Emotions and actions ("Smiling", "Happy", "Pouting", "Grumpy", "Yawning", "Sleepy", "Crying", "Sad", "Laughing", "Playing - Using Pumpkin Seeds as Math Manipulatives
- Background:
Pilgrims and other early American settlers made the first pumpkin pies by burying pumpkin in the ashes of their fires.
After a pumpkin had cooked, they would cut off the top, scrape out the pulp and add honey or maple syrup. The pulp was then made into delicious pies and breads.
Pumpkins were used for many different things. Dried pumpkin shells served as bowls or containers for storing grains and seeds. Pumpkin seeds were dried and roasted
for a high-energy treat.
Sorting Pumpkins

- Silent Sort
- The kids were given the challenge of sorting their pumpkins without making any sounds from smallest to biggest. They rose to the challenge and it was a lot of fun to watch the process!
Hundreds of Turkeys

Farmer Joe had hundreds of turkeys on his farm. They ran all over the place and it was difficult to count how many turkeys he had. One day Farmer Joe decided to use place value to help him count his turkeys.
He made lots of pens and put 10 turkeys in each pen. Each group of 10 pens were put in a separate field. Then he could count the turkeys by hundreds, tens and ones.
Materials: Green place mats, Popsicle sticks, unifix cubes.
Turkey Pens

Fences for turkey pens can be made from the Popsicle sticks. We use Lima Beans to represent the turkeys.
1. Grab a flock of turkeys. (One or two handfuls of Lima Beans.)
2. Put 10 turkeys in each pen.
3. Separate each group of 10 turkey pens into separate pastures. (Green place mats)
4. Now count the number of turkeys in your flock.
Recording sheets can be provided for recording your answers with spaces to fill in full pastures, pens and left over turkeys.
Place Value and Turkey Pens

To use place value to count the turkeys:
1. Make a group of ten turkeys.
2. Put the ten turkeys on a square.
3. Count the turkeys by 10's.
More Ideas for Teaching Place Value
- How to Use Montessori Counting Chains to Teach Large Numbers
- How to Use Montessori Counting Chains to Teach Large Numbers. Montessori counting chains are long chains of beads that are designed to help children visualize and count large numbers. They can be purchased in sets or built using Montessori golden bead ten bars. ...
Using Frog Spawn to Teach Place Value
Frog Egg Math Workjobs and Centers
Frogs lay their eggs in clusters. Toads lay their eggs in strings.Show place value with clusters and strings:
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Frog Unit Study: Hopping to Learn
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Take trips to the frog pond, play games and sing songs, gobble up the insect words and swat the fly verbs. This lens will give you dozens of ideas, resources, hints and tricks to create frog-themed activities for both homeschool families and classro...
Going beyound Tens and Ones
Place Value into the Billions
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Understanding a Billion
-
Everyone is talking about spending billions of dollars to save the economy but how much is a billion? We all know how to count to 100. We count by 10's, 5's and 2's but when the numbers get higher it becomes more and more difficult to comprehend jus...
Pumpkin and Place Value Lapbooks

Click on the Lilliput's Lapbook above to go to the free downloadable file.
- Pumpkin Lapbook
- Pictures of a Pumpkin Lapbook along with links to the items used to create it.
- Pumpkin Lapbook for Toddlers
- Velcro is used to stick and restick pumpkins from the 5 Little Pumpkins rhyme onto the fence.
- Thanksgiving Pumpkin Lapbook
- The pocket has "Peter Pumpkin Eater" with puppets for play.
- Lilliput Station Adventures
- The above Pumpkin Lapbook is from Lilliput Station Adventures.
Downloadable Pumpkin Stories
On a pumpkin shaped paper draw the face that you carved into your pumpkin and at the bottom write the number of seeds you counted. Carefully checking the place value of the numbers, put your pumpkin in order.
Now it's time for a great pumpkin story:


The Lumpy Bumpy Pumpkin by Sandra Robbins
The ugliest pumpkin in the patch becomes the scariest Halloween pumpkin. pumpkin.
- The Lumpy Bumpy Pumpkin
- Download this book to your Mp3 player or iPhone and your child can have a story read to him or her no matter how busy you are.
Featured Pumpkin Lenses

Pumpkins give your Nature Table an autumn feel. How could you use pumpkin seeds to enhance your Nature Table? We used dried seeds to make a path for the gnomes to take a walk in the Woods.
Here's where you can go to learn how to roast pumpkin seeds and for more Pumpkin Unit Study ideas:
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Pumpkin Picking Time
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Pumpkins seem to fascinate children, whether they are growing in a field or carved as a jack-o-lantern on the front porch. This thematic teaching unit is all about pumpkins from growing them and eating them to the history and symbols associate...
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Roasted Pumpkin Seeds
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I love pumpkins. I like roasted pumpkin seeds, pumpkin pie, pumpkin bread, pumpkin lattes, etc, etc. Here's my tribute to Roasted Pumpkin Seeds and all of the different ways you can make them yummy. If you have a favorite recipe that you would like t...
More Educational Lenses with a Fall Theme

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Lumpy Bumpy Pumpkin Unit Study
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There are five little pumpkins in Farmer Joe's Pumpkin Patch. Four of them are round and shiny and look like the perfect pumpkins but the fifth little pumpkin is lumpy and bumpy. Lumpy Bumpy Pumpkin is on stage in NYC jaround Halloween at Shadow Box...
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Raccoons in the Corn
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Raccoons love to investigate. In this unit study we will be investigating the lives of raccoons with both fiction and non-fiction books, sensory table explorations and even a visit from a wild raccoon. Let Bobby Coon teach you about life on the Gree...
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The Thanksgiving Tale of Tobias Turkey
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Tobias Turkey is a determined little turkey who wants to win the prize for being the biggest turkey on Farmer Joe's Farm. This Thanksgiving Tale by Sandra Robbins can lead into a unit study of domestic turkeys with poems, crafts, math activities and...
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It's Turkey Time!
-
Wild Turkeys nearly became extinct in the 1930's but times have changed and turkeys have benefited. Now turkeys are often found in fields and on the edge of the woods. In this unit you will learn about Wild Turkeys, read turkey facts and stories, pl...
-
Autumn Unit Study
-
Leaves are crunching below your feet and geese are flying overhead. It's time to gather in the pumpkins and munch on crisp ripe apples. Watch the squirrels gather nuts and the birds fight over the sunflower seeds. Fall is here and learning is all aro...
Place Value in the News!

- X=Why?
- Math for kids of all abilities - with Michael Alison Chandler
The group of mostly 6-year-olds were learning about place value by playing with little plastic or foam cubes. To represent the number 26 they made two "towers of 10" or built two stacks of 10 cubes, and then added six individual cubes.
Pumpkins and Place Value is in the Four Wheeler's Online Unit Study Directory

Thank you to the Four Wheelers for including the Pumpkins and Place Value in their Online Unit Study Directory.
- Internet Directory of Unit Studies
- The Four Wheelers Internet Directory of Unit Studies contains a list, roughly arranged by subject, of links to unit studies that are published on the Internet.
Pumpkins and Place Value Talk
Did you gain a better understanding of Place Value and the role of manipulatives?

Have you ever counted all the seeds in a pumpkin? How many seeds do you think you will find?
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- JoyfulPamela JoyfulPamela Oct 18, 2009 @ 6:05 am
- This is adorable! Thank you again for incredible hands-on ideas.
Pamela :)
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- Evelyn_Saenz Evelyn_Saenz Oct 18, 2009 @ 5:08 am | in reply to KimGiancaterino
- Thank you SquidAngel.
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- KimGiancaterino KimGiancaterino Oct 16, 2009 @ 12:34 pm
- Happy Halloween, Evelyn. You've been Boo-lessed by a Squid Angel.
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- Evelyn_Saenz Evelyn_Saenz Oct 16, 2009 @ 12:00 pm | in reply to Joan4
- Thank you SquidAngel.
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- JaguarJulie JaguarJulie Oct 5, 2009 @ 9:33 am | in reply to JaguarJulie
- Thanks Evelyn for encouraging me to pay this lens another visit! I'm wondering if the average pumpkins have the same, less, or MORE pumpkin seeds as compared to last year? Do you think they change?
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Meet the Author
Evelyn's Hands-On Learning Blog.
I was always good at math but hated it because the numbers didn't seem real. They were just scribbles on the page.
Then, after I graduated from college, I took a class in teaching math using manipulatives. As I felt the smooth wood of the Pattern Blocks and heard the musical sounds of Cuisenaire rods being dropped, math came alive for me.
Find out what else I'm up to:
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Evelyn Saenz: Lensography of a Teacher
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My passion is teaching and finding ways to teach children in fun, hands-on, creative ways. The unit studies I make on Squidoo reflect my view that learning should be integrated and no skills should be taught in isolation. I believe that each topic s...






































