Sage - Cultivation and Medicinal Uses

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Sage - For Longevity and Purification

Sage (Salvia officinalis) has been used medicinally since ancient times. The name 'sage' means "safe" or "cure" - referring to the plant's healing powers. All plants of the genus Salvia are part of the Mint family.

While it is true that sage has been used for longevity and purification, that is only a small part of what this herb can do. This lens will focus on medicinal, traditional, and historical uses for sage. It will also discuss cultivation of sage.


Variegated Sage




 


Why should a man die
when sage grows in his garden?


-- old saying from the Middle Ages

Garden Sage, Purple Sage and Varigated Sage

Medicinal properties of sage 

Sage is an antihydrotic, astringent, and antispasmodic.

  1. Antihydrotic:
    Antihydrotics reduce sweating.

  2. Astringent:
    Astringents contract tissues to reduce secretions and discharges.

  3. Antispasmodic:
    An antispasmodic can stop spasms and cramps.

Warnings about sage 

Sage should not be used by pregnant or nursing women. It will dry up a new mother's milk.

Excessive use of sage can cause symptoms of poisoning. Use moderately and discontinue use if you feel sick.

See notes for individual varieties of sage, below.

It makes sense that if you're going to be using a new type of medicine, and sage IS a medicine, you should research it thoroughly and if it is within your ability, consult a herbal practitioner or naturalist. If you're going ahead with this on your own please start slowly. You never know when you might be allergic to something. Take only a small amount at first and work up to a full dose. If you feel sick, discontinue the treatment immediately. Consult a medical doctor if you have any concerns at all about what you're doing.

My disclaimer 

My disclaimer:
The following list of the uses of sage has been derived from a variety of herb information resources. I cannot take responsibility to assure that sage will help your condition, or that you cannot be harmed by it.

I will say that sage grows in my garden and I have used it successfully internally and externally without ill effect for several conditions over the course of many years.

If you want professional advice on your medical conditions and the use of herbs, consult a naturopathic physician and/or your family doctor. I am not a doctor; I'm just a herb using woman that grows herbs in her garden for personal use, who has studied herbs over the course of about thirty-five years. I share with you what I've learned from other herbalists (or discovered from my own use of herbs) but don't do any scientific testing. This is folk medicine!

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What has sage been used for? 

Medicinal Sage
Sage has been used medicinally for many years by people in many cultures. Here are some things it has been used for.

  1. Perspiration
    Sage tea will help reduce perspiration. The effect starts about two hours after drinking sage tea, and lasts a few days. This may be useful for night sweats caused by menopause or tuberculosis.

  2. Elimination of mother's milk
    Mothers can drink sage tea for a few days after their babies are weaned.

  3. Nervous conditions

  4. Trembling

  5. Vertigo

  6. Depression

  7. Leucorrhea

  8. Dysmenorrhea

  9. Amenorrhea

  10. Diarrhea

  11. Gastritis

  12. Enteritis

  13. Mucous congestion
    When gargled, sage tea helps relieve mucous congestion in the respiratory system and stomach.

  14. Insect bites
    Crushed sage leaves can alleviate the effects of insect bites.

  15. Insomnia
    Sage tea may help to induce sleep.

  16. Skin problems
    For warts, skin cancer, or tumors, crush a sage leaf and put it on the affected part of your body.

Medicinal sage - have you used it? 

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"Sage is singularly good for the head and brain, it quickeneth the senses and memory, strengtheneth the sinews, restoreth health to those that have the palsy, and taketh away shakey trembling of the members."

-- Gerard's Herbal
16th century

How to make herbal medicines 

The Herbal Medicine-Maker's Handbook: A Home Manual

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Making medicines with sage 

Here are some simple directions for using sage internally or externally.

  1. Make a tincture:
    Add 1/4 ounce powdered sage to 8 ounces of 75% alcohol. Add 4 ounces of water. Let it sit for two weeks, shaking daily. Strain and use.
    Use 15 to 40 drops, three times daily.

  2. Make tea:
    Boil two cups of water. Remove from heat. Add one tablespoon dried sage. Sage tea is bitter so you'll probably want to sweeten it with honey or real maple syrup, or some other kind of natural sweetener. Avoid artificial sweeteners. Add lemon if desired.

  3. Make an infusion:
    Steep 1 teaspoon dry leaves or 3 teaspoons fresh leaves in 1/2 cup water for 30 minutes. Use one tablespoonful at a time, up to one cup liquid per day.

  4. Make sage powder:
    Crush dried sage leaves in an apothecary mortor and pestle. Take 1/4 to 1/2 teaspoons of powdered sage at a time.

Marble mortar and pestle for turning dried sage leaves into powder 

Fox Run 4-Inch Marble Mortar and Pestle

Amazon Price: $9.99 (as of 11/23/2009)Buy Now

Make your own sage capsules with powdered sage 

Are you a herbalist? 

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Non-medicinal uses of sage 

Sage is best known for its culinary uses and is available for sale in the spice section of most supermarkets. It can also sometimes be found fresh in the vegetable section. But there are many other uses for this wonderful herb. Here are some of them.

  1. Cooking
    Culinary use of sage includes recipes for meats and soups.

  2. Insect repellant
    Sage is strongly scented and repells flies, cabbage moths, and carrot flies.

  3. Honey bees
    Sage attracts bees that then produce an aromatic honey that some people claim will induce sleep.

  4. Perfumes
    Sage has been used as an ingredient in fragrances, cosmetics, and soaps.

  5. Rinse for silver hair
    Make an infusion of sage for silvery hair. This may cause a greenish tint if it is discontinued.

  6. Aftershave
    Combine:
    1 ounce sage
    1 ounce lavender flowers
    2 cups witch hazel
    2 tablespoons apple cider
    Shake, let sit for a week, remove flowers, and use.

  7. Crafts
    Sage can be used in herbal wreaths.

The Way of Herbs 

The Way of Herbs

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Varieties of sage 

There over 700 varieties of sage. For more information on some of the many varieties of sage that grow naturally in the USA, see The USDA Plants Database. If you want to use sage medicinally, I recommend ordinary Garden Sage. Here are some of the varieties you may see for sale in the USA.

  1. Garden Sage:
    Salvia officinalis, Garden Sage, is the standard for medicinal and culinary sage. It is easy to find seeds and to grow this herb in your garden. Garden Sage grows in the wild around the Mediterranean.

  2. Purple Garden Sage:
    Salvia officinalis purpurea, Purple Sage, gets up to twenty-four inches high and has richly purple or blue flowers. It also has leaves that are dark and purplish-green. You can use this for cooking or healing just as you would use Garden Sage.

  3. Varigated Garden Sage:
    Salvia officinalis Icterina has leaves that are white around the edges and green in the center. This can be used for cooking or healing. The bush gets about 18 to 24 inches high and has lavendar-purple flowers during spring and summer.

  4. Lyreleaf Sage:
    Salvia lyrata, aka. Wild Sage, grows wild in North America. It is similar to Garden Sage but is more acrid, and is usually used in mixtures rather than alone. Picture available at the plants database.

  5. Pineapple Sage
    Salvia elegans Vahl has bright green leaves scented like pineapple, and lovely red flowers. Picture available at the plants database.

You can grow sage from seeds 

Garden Sage Certified Organic Heirloom Seeds 65 Seeds

Amazon Price: $2.39 (as of 11/24/2009)Buy Now

How to grow sage 

Sage can easily be started from seed, or you can start sage from cuttings.

Cuttings: Take a cutting in the fall and let it sit on your sunny windowsill in a cup of water until springtime, then plant it.

Seeds: These plants are amazingly easy to grow. Sow in late spring. When seedlings are three inches high, transplant 18 inches apart. It will take two years for your plant to be ready for the first harvest.

My gardening journal 

How to harvest sage 

I've tried several methods of harvesting sage. The important thing to remember is that sage's potency is at it's highest early in the spring just after it flowers. You can harvest it while it is flowering. It is safe to eat and use the flowers exactly as you would use the leaves. If you harvest before it goes to seed it will grow back and may be ready for another harvest before the end of the summer.

If you have a need for sage in a recipe, you can clip a bit of new growth from the end of a branch and use it fresh anytime.

If you're ready for a large harvest after the plant flowers, clip the branches and bundle about ten of them together. You can tie a bit of twine or string around the ends and hang them upside down in a room in your house, in a tent or shed, or inside paper bags. The paper bags keep insects off the drying plants. The paper bags can be hung on your clothes line outside or in a shed.

Harvesting sage 

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Earthwise Herbal 

The Earthwise Herbal: A Complete Guide to Old World Medicinal Plants

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Sage is used for smudging 

What is smudging?
Smudging is a Native American custom for purification. Smoke from the burning of an aromatic plant is said to purify a person or place from bad spirits, negative energies, unhappy emotions, or bad thoughts.

Sage is commonly used for smudging, but it is not the only plant used. Others are wormwood, cedar, sweetgrass, pine needles, juniper leaves, angelica root, osha root, white spruce pitch, pepperwood leaves, yarrow leaves and flowers, Labrador tea leaves, cow parsnip roots or seeds, pearly everlasting leaves or flowers.

Use local species if possible; this is considered superior to using incense from other parts of the world because local plants are in tune with your environment. Sage can be used alone, or combined with the other plants for smudging.

The fragrance created by smudging attracts positive energies and powers, and provides a perfect atmosphere for healing.



When to smudge
Smudging is commonly done for a shaman's healing sessions. It is also done before spiritual ceremonies. Many people smudge their homes daily.



What to smudge
You can smudge yourself, your home, your office, anyone who will participate, and any area in which you plan to conduct some kind of spiritual or healing ceremony. Also smudge any objects you plan to use during your ceremonies.



How to smudge
I usually place some dried (but not crushed) sage leaves in a bowl (actually I use an abalone shell) and light them. The flame should be extinguished but there will be a red glow from the leaves and the smoke will be very fragrant. I go through every room in my house praying for purification and blessings. I make sure the smoke goes into every corner and closet. I also let it surround and purify me.

Another way to smudge is to use a smudge stick. The herbs are bound together in a tight bundle, then dried. When used, one end of the stick is lit. These will often be good for more than one smudging session. Watch to make sure no burning embers fall on your carpet or furniture. You might want to hold this over a plate.



You can make your own smudge sticks. Choose five to ten healthy sprigs or branches (depending on how long you want your smudge sticks.) Bind them together using embroidery thread (all six strands) then hang them up to dry.

California White Sage - 8" Smudge Stick - Sage Spirit

Amazon Price: $10.95 (as of 11/24/2009) Buy Now

Sage and Cedar - 5" Smudge Stick - Sage Spirit

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White Sage Smudge Stick Two Pack, 5" - 6"

Amazon Price: $7.49 (as of 11/24/2009) Buy Now

Smudging poll 

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Working with Plant Consciousness 

Plant Spirit Healing: A Guide to Working with Plant Consciousness

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More herbs... 

Sage links 

Sage Growing and Harvest Information
How to grow sage.
How to Harvest and Store Sage
How to harvest and store sage.
Uncle Tom's Garden: Sage Harvest
Blog post about a bountiful sage harvest.
Harvesting Sage - Harvest Forum - GardenWeb
A gardening forum's thread about harvesting sage.
Sage growing tips
General tips for growing sage and other herbs.

Any questions about sage? 

If you have any questions about this herb I will be happy to try to provide an answer. I created this page about sage because it is a herb I grow in my garden - one that I have direct knowledge of. So feel free to ask me anything about it and if I don't know the answer I'll try to find out.

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Herbal wisdom for using plants as medicine 

The Book of Herbal Wisdom: Using Plants as Medicines

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More about me... 

Lensmaster LindaJM has been a member since June 11 2007, has rated 1,562 lenses, favorited 676, and has created 110 lenses from scratch. This member's top-ranked page is "Drugging Foster Children". See all my lenses

My Bio

I live in the Klamath River Valley of Northern California. I share my life with my partner, Bob. We like to watch movies at home on DVD, swim, hike, and prospect for gold in the Siskiyou Mountains.

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