Satellite Communications

The future of milsatcom (as military satellite communication is known as for short) is in wideband communications like the Global Broadcast Service (GBS), the wideband gapfiller satellites, advanced polar systems, advanced EHF, the advanced wideband system, and the advanced narrowband system in narrowband communications.

In the defence services, spying and intelligence play an important role. Quick communication is also extremely necessary. Defense services technology have played a major role in the history of satellite communications and this needs to be recognised as technology is primarily fuelled by governments for military benefits. Communication satellites are important in such circumstances as they help to transmit globally and also in an unrestricted manner.

Mobile satellite communications are also called Mobile satellite services (MSS). These type of systems are typically called satellite communication systems. Mobile satellite communications systems use portable terminals rather than fixed satellite services (FSS). FSS use fixed terminals where the location of the ground stations do not change frequently or at all. Satellite television (or cable television) uses FSS. MSS terminals can be found on ships, planes, and in vehicles and can be carried by individuals. Satellite telephones for instance use MSS. Land MSS (LMSS), aeronautical MSS (AMSS) and maritime MSS (MMSS). Land MSS (LMSS), aeronautical MSS (AMSS) and maritime MSS (MMSS) are the three major types of MSS.

Communications satellites have an astounding impact on us everyday. Simple activities such as purchasing gas, talking on our phone, surfing the web, watching tv, all could be using satellites to transmit this information.

Communications satellites can connect two very distant points on the planet. In fact they can connect two entities on opposite sides of the world.

This is possible because of the frequency range at which they operate.

As communications satellites continue to evolve we will find ourselves relying more and more everyday on them.

Commercial satellite communications system solutions are employed by corporations of all sizes and cover a large array of industries. From power, oil, mining, and medical to education, corporate and consumer commodities, on-demand and consistent satellite communications system are more significant than ever. The need for consistent satellite Internet, TV and radio services continues to multiply as the need for immediate satellite communications system becomes a mainstay of business. Constant connections and high speed communications via satellite are requirements.

Regardless of trade, merchandise or service, maintaining essential satellite communications system and maintaining total domination of your business and routine operations reliably is significant. Finding a satellite communications system provider with access to earth stations around the globe, is significant for long term stability and growth. Integrating voice, video and high speed Internet via satellite for a compny's important data communications is vital in the ever changing world of big business.

The key to on--demand satellite communications system is flexibility, reliability and operability. Ensuring the availability of fixed or mobile satellite, seasonal, occasional or full time satellite communications system should be a priority for your network planner and service provider. Extending corporate IT networks to mobile environments is vital for emergency services and those involved in disaster recovery operations as well as connecting detached offices around the planet. Movable and detached environments can set communication challenges that slow business operations and increase the costs. Whether it's recovering from a tragedy or unforeseen event, or just being connected no matter the location; unproductive connectivity solutions can cause operations to stop. Identifying an operative emergency satellite communications and recovery plan can ensure business operations continue and emergency services respond immediately.

You want to make sure that your satellite communications service provider offers access and satellite communications system connectivity solutions. Verify that their coverage includes detached areas where existing POTS and terrestrial communications service may not be available or unproductive. Services need to be provided internationally and should provide mobile satellite, fixed satellite and semi-permanent or sporadic use requirements. Ensure they offer flexible service plans that include equipment and installation as well as knowing how they handle chronic or temporary satellite communications system
Airtime.

Eventually, selecting satellite communications system services that are easy to setup and run, very steadfast and are scalable, should be a company's focus. Hiring and employing personnel trained and equipped to answer your questions and help in the planning and implementation process, as well as operations is needed. Organizations should look for low maintenance and cost efficient choices. Identifying and anticipating future growth is a requisiteand planning for scalability in the satellite communications network is required. In today's fast moving and very fluid business situation companies must maintain constant communications with customers, vendors, partners and clients. Selecting satellite communications system solutions and partnering with a provider that keeps connectivity at their hub can be frightening, but equipped with the right data a establishment can be well on its way to constant connections.
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Mr. Brochin offers Small Business information technology solutions and writes articles periodically about global satellite communication and satellite communication systems at Communications Satellite News and Information.

Line of sight propagation requires that the sending and receiving antennas be locked on to each other%uFFFDs location at all times that is one antenna must have the other in sight. A satellite that moves faster or slower than the earth%uFFFDs rotation is useful only for short periods of time. To ensure that the satellite has constant communication, it must move at the same speed as the earth. This allows it to seem to remain fixed above a certain spot, when in actuality it is moving at the same speed as the earth.

We can call such satellites geosynchronous. Because orbital speed is based on distance from the planet, only one orbit can be geosynchronous. This orbit occurs at the equatorial plane and is approximately twenty two thousand miles from the surface of the earth. The only downside to the geosynchronous satellite is that only one cannot cover the whole earth. It will take many to be able to cover the entire surface of the earth.

One satellite in orbit has line of sight contact with a vast number of stations but the curvature of the earth still keeps much of the planet out of sight. It takes a minimum of three satellites equidistant from each other in geosynchronous earth orbit to provide full global transmission. Medium earth orbit satellites are positioned between the two Van Allen belts. A satellite at this orbit takes approximately six hours to circle the earth.

One example of medium earth orbit satellites system is the global positioning system orbiting at an altitude about eighteen thousand kilometers above the earth. The system consists of twenty four satellites and is used for land and sea navigation to provide time and locations for vehicles and ships. The global positioning system is not used for communication. It is becoming need of time to assure one's exact position in space and time in a authentic way. This can be achieved by use of satellites.

Satellites are radio navigation system, which are launched by the various space Agencies. These satellites are worldwide system which ensures reliable service with the current Global positioning system. Science is making advancements everyday. Now a day daily new things are invented. Satellite radio navigation technology is one of the advanced technologies in the market these days. This technology is based on the emission of signals from satellites indicating the time extremely accurately. In this way a person can easily determine his or her position. Positioning of any stationary as well as moving object can be located with satellite radio navigation system. Global positioning system is based on principle of triangulation. Low earth orbit satellites have polar orbits. The altitude is between five hundred to two thousand kilometers with a rotation period of ninety to one twenty minutes. The satellite has a speed of twenty thousand to twenty five thousand kilometers per hour. A low earth orbit system usually has a cellular type of access similar to the cellular telephone system.

Tymon Hytem has worked in the electronics feild for the past 15 years. He enjoys helping people decide on electronic gadgets from telephones to XM Radio and choosing the perfect XM Satellite Radio system for their needs.

Author Profile: http://www.isysi.com/profile/tymon-hytem-266.html

Commercial satellite communications equipment solutions are employed by corporations of all sizes and cover a vast array of industries. From energy, oil, mining, and medical to education, commercial and buyer produce, on-demand and dependable satellite communications equipment are more significant than ever. The need for dependable satellite Internet, TV and radio services continues to multiply as the need for immediate satellite communications equipment becomes a mainstay of business. Stable connections and high speed communications via satellite are requirements.

Regardless of industry, merchandise or service, maintaining essential satellite communications equipment and maintaining absolute power of your business and routine operations reliably is critical. Finding a satellite communications equipment provider with access to earth stations around the globe, is critical for long term stability and growth. Integrating voice, video and high speed Internet via satellite for a compny's important data communications is fundamental in the ever changing world of commerce.

The key to on--demand satellite communications equipment is flexibility, reliability and operability. Ensuring the availability of fixed or mobile satellite, seasonal, occasional or full time satellite communications equipment should be a priority for your service provider. Extending company IT networks to mobile environments is key for emergency services and those involved in disaster recovery operations as well as connecting distant offices around the earth. Movable and distant environments can set communication challenges that slow business operations and increase the costs. Whether it's recovering from a catastrophe or unanticipated event, or just being connected no matter the location; unproductive connectivity solutions can cause operations to stop. Identifying an operative emergency satellite communications and recovery plan can ensure business operations continue and emergency services respond immediately.

You want to make sure that your satellite communications service provider offers access and satellite communications equipment connectivity solutions. Verify that their coverage includes distant areas where existing POTS and terrestrial communications service may not be available or unproductive. Services need to be provided internationally and should provide mobile satellite, fixed satellite and semi-permanent or sporadic use requirements. Ensure they offer flexible service plans that include equipment and installation as well as knowing how they handle chronic or temporary satellite communications equipment
Airtime.

Finally, selecting satellite communications equipment services that are painless to setup and manage, very unswerving and are scalable, should be a company's focus. Hiring and employing workers trained and equipped to satisfy your questions and assist in the planning and implementation process, as well as operations is needed. Organizations should look for low maintenance and cost efficient choices. Identifying and anticipating future growth is a requisiteand planning for scalability in the satellite communications network is required. In today's fast moving and very fluid business situation companies must maintain constant communications with customers, vendors, partners and clients. Selecting satellite communications equipment solutions and partnering with a provider that keeps connectivity at their heart can be frightening, but armed with the right data a company can be well on its way to steady connections.
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Joe Brochin offers Small Business telecommunications and IT technology solutions and writes articles periodically about communication satellites and satellite communication technology like` the articles found at Communications Satellite News and Information.

Green Communications Go Corporate with Commercial Satellite Solutions
By Sam A. Brown

In today's technologically advanced world, commercial satellite solutions are diverse providing solutions for voice, video and data connectivity solutions. With the rising costs of oil, many businesses are wising up to alternative sources to power and drive their satellite connections and corporate communication infrastructure.

Providers of solar and wind generated technology solutions recognize the need for renewable and alternative energy sources to power more than just cars and homes. Now many companies are benefiting from alliances formed between energy solution providers and commercial satellite providers, bringing reliable and renewable energy solutions to businesses worldwide, including rural, remote and temporary locations.

Mobile and fixed satellite services can provide mission critical communications to supply the power needs of military, humanitarian, emergency-response and disaster relief operations. Powered with solar and wind technologies, commercial satellite providers can offer the necessary Internet, voice, data and fax capabilities, required during times of crisis or day to day business operations.

The alignment between these solution providers can bring vastly needed communications to interim or on demand shelter environments, to remote areas lacking communication infrastructures and for mobile communications in the event of an emergency, disaster or electrical power outage.

The need for reliable and renewable mobile communications is imperative in today's environment. Alternative energy solutions provide clean, independent and renewable power sources-while business satellite internet provides the bandwidth and connectivity for fixed and mobile satellite communications.

This relationship provides communications in areas where terrestrial communications are inoperable or not present to agencies worldwide, specifically military, humanitarian, emergency and first-responders. Developing strategic solutions with complementary businesses is an age old technique. This new type of alliance offers the very best in satellite communications where interim infrastructures are needed for disaster relief or first responder and emergency communications. In addition, reducing costs by using alternative energy sources, companies can use solar powered generators to run multi-network communications platform including Internet, voice, video, data and two-way connectivity solutions to
remote and mobile agencies.

Corporations can benefit from the joint efforts of solution providers whose alliances offer advanced technology solutions for full time, remote, occasional use, fixed or mobile satellite services without taxing already over demanded energy sources.

When looking for communications solutions utilizing alternative energy solutions, look for industry leaders in each respective field for the finest quality solar and wind energy products and satellite communications.

Sam Brown provides research and insight on emerging and evolving technology solutions including business satellite internet, commercial satellite and broadband satellite internet services.

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By Brian Bradshaw

It is sometimes difficult to be "out of touch". Family emergencies, business contacts, and a thousand other reasons require a communications link. My wife and I took a cruise to Cozumel, Mexico recently. While on the ship, we used an on board satellite link for Internet communications. The satellite system was smart enough to continuously correct for movement of the ship. It was very useful for us to be able to answer email and find travel information on-line while we were at sea or docked.

Similar systems are available for land vehicles, most often trucks and RVs. These systems are called mobile very small aperture terminal, or VSAT. The most commonly used dishes for mobile VSAT are 0.74 Meters (About 29 inches) in diameter. The systems designed for land vehicles are different from the ship borne system in that they are not designed for use while the vehicle is moving, but for when the vehicle is parked. The ship only had a speed of 20 MPH. There are currently more than 10,000 land vehicle VSAT systems in use.

The signal with a satellite dish is usually superior to that found with a "dome" antenna. The dome systems must be kept clean and must be wiped off after a snowstorm or rainstorm in order to maintain good reception. It can be a hassle to frequently climb onto your vehicle to perform maintenance on the antenna.

HDTV and TV:

It is possible to purchase a system that is capable of simultaneous Internet communications and Television reception (including HDTV, MHDTV). HDTV using DirecTV, Dish Network, Star Choice, or Bell ExpressVu is available. However, the major networks (NBC, FOX, ABC, CBS) can be a problem. Because of FCC rules, these signals are broadcast with spot beams, which will prevent their reception except within a limited area.

The satellite dish deploys on command, identifies the current location, and precisely points the dish. It usually takes less than five minutes to achieve a communications lock, and then the system is capable of high speed internet communications.

It works in most of the world, even where cable Internet and DSL are not available. However, if you travel in the mountains, the system will not be able to communicate with the satellite when you are on the north face of the mountain, or in heavy forest.

Performance:

With a typical user account, downstream speed is typically 500-800 kbps. Upstream speed is usually less. The sales literature says to expect up to 128 KBPS, but 20-30 KBPS is much more typical. With more advanced hardware (F2 or XF2 and XF3 antennas), and higher monthly cost, 500 KBPS upstream and 2 MBPS downstream speed is available. Static IP addresses are also available (extra charge) for virtual private network (VPN) connections. The system includes the capability for VoIP (voice).

A mobile satellite system cost about $5000-$5500 for purchase including installation, and $50-$160 a month for internet service. The bandwidth (communication speed) impacts the price of service.

The hardware is available from several suppliers: C-Com's iNetVu, Ground Control MSS, DTI DirecStar, and the Motosat Datastorm are the main vendors. The satellite service is available from HughesNet (formerly DirecWay) and Starband. Motosat/HughesNet have historically been the most common combination, but that is likely to change.

Ka Band (iNetVu):

C-Com's iNetVu is now offering a new technology for mobile VSAT. The iNetVu Ka66 has been designed to take advantage a new satellite, Telesat Canada's Anik F2 Satellite. Anik F2 is the world's largest commercial communications satellite. The Ka66 is the first mobile satellite internet offering to operate in the Ka band frequency range.

The main advantage of Ka band is that it requires a smaller dish (26" x 30") to offer very good performance levels. Ka Band utilizes spot beams, which are more efficient than a traditional Ku satellite (the technology used by the other mobile VSAT systems). The result is that more users can enjoy a high level of performance. The service should be able to deliver significant improvements in performance.

Communications service is provided by WildBlue. Wildblue also offers fixed systems. Hardware costs and communications service should be significantly less expensive when compared to current alternatives for similar performance.

Professional Installation Required:

The installation of a mobile satellite system requires professional installation. The system is complex, and the wiring of the communications downlink is critical. Also, it is important that the external gear be mounted so that it does not get torn from the vehicle during transport, or more likely since the gear recesses when not used, during a high wind. A wind in excess of 60 MPH can damage a dish when it is not recessed. When recessed, the system is tolerant of highway speeds of less than 100 MPH. In addition, a poorly installed system can interfere with other users, so usually HughesNet will not support a system that has not been professionally commissioned.

Summary:

If you are a telecommuter, with mobile VSAT is possible to work from just about anywhere. VSAT can be a powerful and inexpensive method of communicating from remote areas not supported by cellular networks. Mobile systems can communicate with bandwidth that cannot be provided over cellular networks.

Being able to use the internet while remote can be important. A few years ago, that meant using a dataport to make a phone call to a dialup Internet Service Provider (ISP).

But now our choices are getting better. WiFi hotspots are being added, and WiMax will be available in major cities soon. Cellular services are adding high speed, low cost data access. Other services will undoubtedly be available in coming years.

But, for now, satellite VSAT is the only way that will work virtually anywhere. Besides, it's fun playing Buck Rogers.

About the Author: Brian Bradshaw is a Certified Technical Specialist (InfoComm CTS). Areas of expertise include Video, Audio, Computation, HDTV, Satellite Systems, and Communications. He has a communications technology business in Plano, Texas (Dallas). More information can be found at his Website: http://bradshaw-vacuum-technology.com

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