the Jewish months: Sivan and Tamuz

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The Giving of the Tora and the Destruction of the Temple

B"H

The months of Sivan and Tamuz begin with good news -- the giving of the Tora -- and end with bad news -- the beginning of the destruction of the Holy Temple in Jerusalem.

Sivan -- the month of twins 

Each Jewish month has a "mazal" -- which corresponds to the zodiac constellations. Sivan is the month of Teumim -- twins or Gemini.

The twins represent the two stone tablets that Moshe (Moses) brought done from Mount Sinai with the 10 "Commandments" (Eseret HaDibrot in Hebrew -- This literally means "the 10 sayings")

The reason I say the 10 sayings is that the first one isn't really a commandment

Tammuz -- the beginning of the "end" 

The 17th of Tammuz is a fast day that begins the mourning period colloquially called the three weeks. It commemorates the day that the siege was put on Jerusalem three weeks before the Temple was destroyed. Like most fast days on the Jewish calendar, Shiva Asar B'Tammuz (The 17th of Tammuz) is a "minor fast", meaning a sunrise to sunset fast (a major fast is a 24+ hour fast from sundown to sundown).

The siege around Jerusalem lasted from Shiva Asar B'Tammuz until Tisha B'Av (the 9th of Av).

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