Yin Yang and Feng Shui

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Yin-Yang
and the basis of Feng Shui

Yin-yang is now a familiar symbol in most Western cultures, but has its origins in Chinese Taoism.

Yin-yang (or tai chi) is a dualist symbol, showing nature as inherently twinned and inter-connected. The standard representaton is two "tadpoles" (not what they represent, just what they look like) chasing each other's tail in an eternal dance.

Black = yin
White = yang

Duality not Opposites 

Western thought tends to think of opposites: black is opposite to white; male the opposite of female; and fire is opposite water. The Eastern philosophies from which yin yang spring don't see things in that way but instead see instead two sides of the same coin, a duality. Head and tails may be the obverse faces of that coin but, whichever way up it is viewed, it always remains a coin. Heads and tails are not opposites; merely different aspects of the same coin. In a similar way, yin and yang (and the concepts they represent) should not be seen as opposites but as necessary and complementary aspects of nature as a whole.

Male is not the opposite of female for, without males there can be no females and without females, no males. The two are locked in a dualism. If one gains, the other gains; if one loses, so does the other. There can be no long-term gain of one at the expense of the other. And with this understood, suddenly the tai chi, yin yang symbol makes sense. Male and female intertwined. Summer and winter just aspects of the whole year. And so on.

Yin-yang in Detail 

In Chinese philosophy, the concept of yin yang (- - often referred to in the west as yin and yang) is used to describe how seemingly disjunct or opposing forces are interconnected and interdependent in the natural world, giving rise to each other in turn. The concept lies at the heart of many branches of classical Chinese science and philosophy, as well as being a primary guideline of traditional Chinese medicine, and a central principle of different forms of Chinese martial arts and exercise, such as baguazhang, taijiquan, and qigong and of I Ching divination. Many natural dualities ? e.g. dark and light, female and male, low and high, cold and hot ? are viewed in Chinese thought as manifestations of yin and yang.

Yin yang are complementary opposites within a greater whole. Everything has both yin and yang aspects, although yin or yang elements may manifest more strongly in different objects or at different times. Yin yang constantly interacts, never existing in absolute stasis. The concept of yin and yang is often symbolized by various forms of the Taijitu symbol, for which it is probably best known in western cultures.

There is a common misperception (especially in the West) that yin and yang correspond to good and evil. However, Taoist philosophy generally discounts good/bad distinctions as superficial labels, preferring to focus on the idea of balance. The idea that yin and yang has a moral dimension originated in the Confucian school (most notably Dong Zhongshu) around the second century BCE.

Incorrect Representations 

The yin-yang symbol is often shown part rotated or, as shown here, rotated through a full 180⁰ as in the image shown alongside. These are all wrong. Even the standard html character ☯ (☯) suffers from this problem of inappropriate rotation.

Why is it wrong? The cardinal (compass) points are associated with the tai chi like this:

South



East ◄═══╬═══► West



North



The sun rise in the East (the left), climbs through the Southern sky (the top), and sets in the West. Therefore concepts of sun, summer, heat, light etc are associated with the top of the diagram, which should therefore be dominated by yang (ie white). In the incorrect version shown in this section, the black yin is at the top and that clearly cannot be correct.

An alternative philosophy is that since yin yang represents the duality of wholeness with neither more important the other, no rotation affects the essential nature of that duality and therefore any orientation of the symbol is as meaningful as any other.

Yin 

Yin represents many aspects of nature. Use the list below to help rank them in order with which that aspect of yin resonates with you.

Moon

2 points

Female

1 point

Passive

0 points

Cold

0 points

Death

0 points

Night

0 points

Even

0 points

Water

0 points

Yang 

Yang represents many aspects of nature. Use the list below to help rank them in order with which that aspect of yang resonates with you.

Hot

1 point

Life

1 point

Male

1 point

Summer

1 point

Sun

1 point

Fire

1 point

Active

0 points

Day

0 points

Odd

0 points

Yin & Yang in Trigrams 

A further representation of yin and yang are is whole and broken lines (sort of like Morse Cose):

 ▬ ▬ ☛ yin
 ▬▬▬ ☛ yang



A trigram consists of three verttcal lines, one above the other. Each may be whole or dashed. The eight (2-cubed) combinations each represent a different concepts, seven senses and one awareness, drawing on the tradions of I-Ching:

Penetrating, Grass/Wind



Attaching, Wood/Fire/Sun


Serene, Lake/Marsh


Receptive, Earth/Cave


Body, Stillness/Mountain


Dangerous, River


Exciting, Thunder and Lightning


Creative, Heaven/Sky


There are also hexagrams (six lines).

Bagua 

Traditionally a trigram is known as a Kua and eight is Pa. Taken together the set of eight trigrams is then Pa Gua. The Pa Gua were then arranged in a square like this:


☱ ☰ ☴


☲   ☵


☳ ☷ ☶

There are a couple of sequences: the one shown in the square above is the ealier version which is usually known as the Earlier Days Pa Gua. Evenually the square was stylised into a circle and Pa Gua in the West has come to be written as Bagua. Wikipedia expains more about the two versions of the Bagua (although it incorrectly labels them Earlier Heaven and Later Heaven). The image on the right shows a circular Later Days version of the Bagua

Bagua image from Wikimedia Commons under GNU Free Documentation License

Bagua and Feng Shui 

If we look back at the Pa Gua arranged in a square, we can see there is space in the centre for a ninth concept. This corresponds to the centre of a circular Bagua. Feng Shui identifies this ninth, central concept as health. Health, being the centre of our existence. Feng Shui usually also adds colors and fortune attributes to give something link this:

Prosperity

Fame /
Reputation
Love /
Relationships

Family


Health
Creativity /
Children

Wisdom /
Knowledge
Career /
Life Path
Travel /
Helpful People



It is possible to see this table aligned using the cardinal compass directions I outlined early on when describing the correct and incorrect rotation of the tai chi (yin-yang) symbol, with south at the top. More commonly, for residential use it is oriented on the residence itself rather than the cardinal directions. Looking in from the door, the black gua should be facing you and the red gua facing away into the residence.

To learn more than it is possible to describe here, I recommend a good book.

Books on Feng Shui 

Clear Your Clutter With Feng Shui

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Feng Shui Your Life

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The Complete Idiot's Guide to Feng Shui, Third Edition

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Feng Shui for Dummies (Miniature Edition)

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The Western Guide to Feng Shui: Creating Balance, Harmony, and Prosperity in Your Environment

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Amazon Price: $7.40 (as of 12/29/2009) Buy Now
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