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Techniques in Writing - Suggestions for Students

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What Kind of Writing are You Doing? There are Differences to the Approach You Should Take!

The Progression from Reports to Essays to Papers


Your elementary and perhaps junior high studies sometimes required "reports". These reports were usually about an animal, a state, a country, a person, or a thing. The report usually dealt with facts (and photos)--those gleaned from various reference sources such as an encyclopedia set, books in the library, or those gleaned from an Internet search.

Essays and papers (particularly those in the college world), however, usually require more than an assortment of facts (no matter how well organized or presented). They require analysis and synthesis--your ideas and opinions about the material are an important part of the work. And if you can express your ideas and opinions well--through skillful use of vocabulary, grammar, and composition, you will find your college and work experience with writing a lot more enjoyable.

You can enhance your writing ability by reading from a wide variety of material. You will notice that there are poor writers and good writers in all fields--whether in sports, business, financial, science, and literature. By reading in all of these fields you are not only becoming familiar with the particular beat or rhythm in writing, but you are also picking up more vocabulary words through the context they are presented in.

Writer, Writer, on a Shirt! Or some other decoration, who knows? 

Word Usage: Connotation versus Denotation 

You have a cologne or a perfume... you could say that it has an odor or scent--and you could be relatively neutral about your statement. If you wanted to "color" your statement positively, you could use the word "fragrance". If you wanted to "color" the statement negatively, the word "stench" would do. By skillful use of words, their connotations (the "feeling" associated with the word), and their denotations (the specific factual meaning of the word), you can get your point across more clearly and give your writing what is called the slant.

Writing by the Bay.... eBay, that is! 

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"Knee-jerk" Words 

Certain words get a rise out of your readers--sometimes no matter what their background, sometimes in particular because of their background. The words nuclear, evolution, abortion, humanism, terrorism, spotted owls, sales pitches, ecology and others can cause a knee-jerk reaction from the reader that closes off their brain to any further input.

Your reader's mind is already made up--if you write something that goes against what your reader already believes too soon in your writing, your reader will not want to continue with the reading. However, if you are skilled with your writing, you can "sneak-up-on-them" by presenting the material gently and in tune with your reader's background--then, after you "have your reader eating out of your hand", you can guide them to a new way of thinking about what you want them to know.

Students who have studied forensics (not the CSI stuff, but the debate stuff) may have an advantage in presenting their material most convincingly. This may also be referred to as "Aikido" writing--using the opponent's force (called "qi/ki" in Chinese/Japanese) in a gentle "redirection" in the way you want it to go. It takes many years to learn how to do this skillfully.

Writing, Read All About It! 

Pyramid versus Inverted Pyramid 

How do you approach your material? Hitting with the main point first then supporting it with pertinent facts, or starting with a few supporting details that lead up to the main point? Each approach has its usefulness.

Newspapers generally use the inverted pyramid method--they start with the big picture and the who, what, where, when, and why--and then add more and more details to support the first point. They do this mainly for two reasons:


  • Busy folks may not have the time to read the whole article--this approach ensures that the essential information is more easily found.

  • Sometimes the article must be cut to fit an allotted space--if it's a choice between article and advertising, advertising will generally win (because that's how the paper makes its money). Also, sometimes the dimensions of the space left within the pages (after all the advertising has been accounted for) require things to be cut. The stuff at the "point of the pyramid" can be cut without affecting the main gist of the article.

Time to Get Some "Writing Practice"! Write a Note Here! 

NAIZA

I really love writing and reading at the same time. Thank you for making this incredible lens about the technique in writing. I'll always keep that in mind.

Posted March 10, 2008

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EditorDave

About EditorDave

Living on Guam is what now "defines" me.  It was such a dramatic difference in my life and outlook on things that there's no way I'd be the same if I had remained in New Mexico or any of the rest of the U.S. Mainland.   One of the classes I took at the University of Guam was "Scientific and Technical Writing and Editing"... I did not realize at the time that this class would be setting the foundation for the rest of my working life.  I found that I *love* words and fooling around with making them work as best as possible.  I also took classes in formal linguistics at the University of Guam--and took classes in Japanese, Russian, Mandarin Chinese. These classes helped me to become comfortable with working with translations of technical material into English from other languages.  I can help folks with making their words work for the particular audience they are writing for.

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