Squidoo : Lenses by Diane1

Custard Slice Recipe. Go on, Treat yourself!

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:32:41 -0600

Custard Slices are delicious! You do not find them for sale in many places. However,they are easy to make for yourself, and so here is the recipe. They are easy to make, so go on, treat yourself! Custard Slices are made in a block and then cut into slices. They make a delicious tea-time treat, or a treat at any time. They make excellent picnic food. They are sweet, without being too sweet. Custard Slices

Entrepreneur & Skills

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:33:00 -0600

There have been studies to determine the qualities of an Entrepreneur. Shall we try to identify them here so that we can see how we match up? If we haven't got them at present, can we learn them? I think it is a good idea to identify them first, so here we go.

Time Travel - the Proof?

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:34:08 -0600

Parallel universes really do exist, according to a mathematical discovery by Oxford scientists that sweeps away one of the key objections to the mind boggling and controversial idea. We have read over the years' of String Theory and parallel universes, and taken it all with a pinch of salt. However, this may be the time to revisit Time Travel in a lot more detail, and to see how Science Fiction may lead the way.

The Roaring Twenties

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:34:31 -0600

Roaring Twenties is a phrase used to describe the 1920s, which emphasizes the period's social, artistic, and cultural dynamism. 'Normalcy' returned to politics in the wake of World War I, jazz music blossomed, the flapper redefined modern womanhood, Art Deco peaked, and finally the Wall Street Crash of 1929 served to punctuate the end of the era, as The Great Depression set in. The era was further distinguished by several inventions and discoveries of far-reaching importance, unprecedented industrial growth and accelerated consumer demand and aspirations, and significant changes in lifestyle. The social and societal upheaval known as the Roaring Twenties began in North America and spread to Europe in the aftermath of World War I. Europe spent these years rebuilding and coming to terms with the vast human cost of the conflict. The economy of the United States became increasingly intertwined with that of Europe. When Germany could no longer afford war payments, Wall Street invested heavily in European debts to keep the European economy afloat as a large consumer market for American mass produced goods. By the middle of the decade, economic development soared in Europe, and the Roaring Twenties broke out in Germany (the Weimar Republic), Britain and France, the second half of the decade becoming known as the "Golden Twenties". In France and francophone Canada, they were also called the "annees folles" ("Crazy Years"). The spirit of the Roaring Twenties was marked by a general feeling of discontinuity associated with modernity, a break with traditions. Everything seemed to be feasible through modern technology. New technologies, especially automobiles, movies and radio proliferated 'modernity' to a large part of the population. Formal decorative frills were shed in favor of practicality, in architecture as well as in daily life. At the same time, amusement, fun and lightness were cultivated in jazz and dancing, in defiance of the horrors of World War I, which remained present in people's minds. The period is also often called "The Jazz Age".

King Henry VIII and his Wives

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:33:50 -0600

Henry VIII (28 June 1491 - 28 January 1547) was King of Englandfrom 21 April 1509 until his death in 1547. He was also Lord of Ireland (later King of Ireland) and claimant to the Kingdom of France. Henry was the second monarch of the House of Tudor, succeeding his father, Henry VII. Henry VIII was a significant figure in the history of the English monarchy. Although in the great part of his reign he brutally suppressed the influence of the Protestant Reformation in England, a movement having some roots with John Wycliffe in the 14th century, he is more popularly known for his political struggles with Rome. These struggles ultimately led to the separation of the Church of England from papal authority, the Dissolution of the Monasteries, and establishing himself as the Supreme Head of the Church of England.

Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:43:56 -0600

Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis(July 28, 1929 - May 19, 1994) was the wife of the 35th president of the United States, Jack Kennedy, and served as First Lady during his presidency from 1961 to 1963. She was later married to Greek shipping magnate Aristotle Onassis from 1968 until his death in 1975. In later years she had a successful career as a book editor. She is remembered for her style and elegance.

Richard the Lionheart and the Crusades

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:33:22 -0600

Richard I (September 8, 1157 - April 6, 1199) was King of England from 1189 to 1199. Outside the Houses of Parliament there stands a statue of Richard I seated on his horse as testimony that he was one of England's bravest and greatest kings.

Warren G Harding - 29th President of USA

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:39:59 -0600

Warren Gamaliel Harding (November 2, 1865 - August 2, 1923) was the 29th President of the United States, serving from 1921 until his death in 1923. A Republican from Ohio, Harding was an influential newspaper publisher. He served in the Ohio Senate (1899-1903) and later as Lieutenant Governor of Ohio (1903-1905) and as a U.S. Senator (1915-1921). Warren Harding headed a cabinet of notable men such as Charles Evans Hughes, Andrew Mellon, Herbert Hoover and Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall, who was jailed for his involvement in the Teapot Dome scandal. In foreign affairs, Warren Harding signed peace treaties that built on the Treaty of Versailles (which formally ended World War I). He also led the way to world Naval disarmament at the Washington Naval Conference of 1921-22.

Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:51:00 -0600

The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act (ch. 27, 22 Stat. 403) of 1883 United States federal law established the United States Civil Service Commission, which placed most federal government employees on the merit system and marked the end of the so-called spoils system. The act provided for some government jobs to be filled on the basis of competitive exams. Drafted during the Chester A. Arthur administration, the Pendleton Act served as a response to President James Garfield's assassination by Charles Julius Guiteau. The Act was passed into law on January 16, 1883. The Act was sponsored by Senator George H. Pendleton, Democrat of Ohio, and written by Dorman Bridgeman Eaton, a staunch opponent of the patronage system who was later first chairman of the United States Civil Service Commission. The most famous commissioner was Theodore Roosevelt (1889-96).

Charles J Guiteau, Assassin of President James Garfield

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:36:39 -0600

Charles Julius Guiteau was born in Freeport, Illinois, the fourth of six children of Luther Wilson Guiteau and Jane Howe. He moved with his family to Ulao, Wisconsin, in 1850 and lived there until 1855, when his mother died. Soon after, Guiteau and his father moved back to Freeport. He inherited $1,000 from his grandfather (worth nearly $23,000 in year-2007 dollars) as a young man and went to Ann Arbor, Michigan, in order to attend the University of Michigan. Due to inadequate academic preparation, he failed the entrance examinations. After some time trying to do remedial work in Latin and algebra at Ann Arbor High School, during which time he received numerous letters from his father haranguing him to do so, he quit and joined the controversial religious sect known as the Oneida Community, in Oneida, New York, to which Guiteau's father already had close affiliations. Despite the "group marriage" aspects of that sect, he was generally rejected during his five years there, and he was nicknamed "Charles Gitout". He left the community twice. The first time he went to Hoboken, New Jersey, and attempted to start a newspaper based on Oneida religion, to be called "The Daily Theocrat". This failed and he returned to Oneida, only to leave again and file lawsuits against the community's founder, John Humphrey Noyes. Guiteau's father, embarrassed, wrote letters in support of Noyes, and Noyes maintained that he did not hold any ill-will towards Guiteau, saying "I consider him insane." Guiteau then obtained a law license in Chicago, based on an extremely casual bar exam. He used his money to start a law firm in Chicago based on ludicrously fraudulent recommendations from virtually every prominent American family of the day. He was not successful. He only argued one case in court, the bulk of his business being in bill collecting in which his annoying persistence was a useful characteristic. Most of his cases, however, resulted in enraged clients and judicial criticism. He next turned to theology. He published a book on the subject called "The Truth"which was almost entirely plagiarized from the work of John Humphrey Noyes. Guiteau's interest turned to politics. He wrote a speech in support of Ulysses S. Grant called "Grant vs. Hancock", which he revised to "Garfield vs. Hancock" after Garfield won the Republican nomination in the 1880 presidential campaign. Ultimately, he changed little more than the title (hence mixing up Garfield's achievements with those of Grant). The speech was delivered at most two times (and copies were passed out to members of the Republican National Committee at their summer 1880 meeting in New York), but Guiteau believed himself to be largely responsible for Garfield's victory. He insisted he should be awarded an ambassadorship for his vital assistance, first asking for Vienna, then deciding that he would rather be posted in Paris. His personal requests to the President and to cabinet members (as one of many job seekers who lined up every day) were continually rejected; on May 14, 1881, he was finally told personally never to return by Secretary of State James G. Blaine (Guiteau is actually believed to have encountered Blaine on more than one occasion). Please visit my Blog by clicking HERE

The Life of Wallace D Wattles and Getting Rich

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:35:00 -0600

Wallace Delois Wattles (1860 - 1911) was a pioneer success writer. His life remains a bit obscure,but his writing has been widely popular in the New Thought and self-help movements. Wattles' best known work is a 1910 book called The Science of Getting Rich in which he explained how to become wealthy. He explained that he had personally "tested" the principles and that they had worked to change his life for the better. Please visit my Blog by clicking HERE

Dolly Parton - I will Always Love You

Thu, 17 Nov 2011 12:42:58 -0600

I will Always Love You is a beautiful song. It was made famous by Whitney Houston However, not many people know that this song was written by Dolly Parton! Not many people know Dolly Parton as a song-writer! Here is a video of her singing it herself with great feeling

Rutherford B Hayes - 19th President of USA

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:49:55 -0600

Rutherford Birchard Hayes (October 4, 1822 - January 17, 1893) was an American politician, lawyer, military leader and the 19th President of the United States (1877-1881). Hayes was elected President by one electoral vote after the highly disputed election of 1876. Losing the popular vote to his opponent, Samuel Tilden, Hayes was the only president whose election was decided by a congressional commission.

Hands Connect - Hand Exercises

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 10:55:24 -0600

Have you noticed your hands? Do you ever count on your finger-tips? It is natural to do so, as they are just in front of our eyes! So they help us to look at life in a natural way. Hands are formed of many bones and joints, and over the years' it is possible for them to get stiff and arthritic. So it is necessary to exercise your hands as you would exercise any other part of your body.

Cat Stevens

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:35:23 -0600

Cat Stevens was born Steven Demetre Georgiou on 21 July 1948. He is a British musician, singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, educator and philanthropist. He was a very popular singer in the 1960's. His albums Tea for the Tillerman, Teaser and the Firecat were both certified as Triple Platinum by the RIAA in the United States; his album Catch Bull at Four sold half a million copies in the first two weeks of release alone, and was Billboard's number-one LP for three consecutive weeks. He has also earned two ASCAP songwriting awards in consecutive years, for The First Cut Is the Deepest which has been a hit single for four different artists. Stevens converted to Islam at the height of his fame in December, 1977,[2] and adopted his Muslim name, Yusuf Islam, the following year. In 1979 he auctioned all his guitars away for charity[3] and left his music career to devote himself to educational and philanthropic causes in the Muslim community. He has been given several awards for his work in promoting peace in the world, including 2003's World Award, the 2004 Man for Peace Award and the 2007 Mediterranean Prize for Peace. In 2006, he returned to pop music, with his first album of new pop songs in 28 years, entitled An Other Cup. He now goes by the single name Yusuf.[4] He currently lives with his wife and children in London, and spends part of each year in Dubai.[4] His newest album, Roadsinger, was released on May 5, 2009. He is a convert to Islam, and when he converted, he changed his name to Yusuf Islam Please visit my Blog by clicking HERE

Reaganomics and the American Economy

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:38:43 -0600

Based on supply-side economics, Reagan implemented his economic policies in 1981. The four pillars of the policies were to: 1. reduce the growth of government spending; 2. reduce marginal tax rates on income from labor and capital; 3. reduce regulation; 4. control the money supply to reduce inflation. Reagan's approach was a departure from his immediate predecessors by attempting to reduce or eliminate decades-long social programs and significantly increase defense spending, while at the same time lowering taxes. When Reagan entered office, the economy faced the highest rate of inflation since 1947 (11.83% in January 1981), as well as double-digit unemployment. Those, along with high interest rates, were considered the nation's principal economic problems, all coined under the term stagflation Reagan sought to stimulate the economy with large, across-the-board tax cuts. The expansionary fiscal policies soon became known as Reaganomics, and were considered by some to be the most serious attempt to change the course of U.S. economic policy of any administration since the New Deal Please visit my Blog by clicking HERE

Katherine Parr the Sixth Wife of Henry VIII

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:37:50 -0600

Katherine Parr (c.1512 - 5 September 1548) was the last of the six wives of Henry VIII of England. She was queen consort of England during 1543-1547, then Dowager Queen of England. She was the most-married English Queen, with four husbands. Catherine was born at Kendal Castle in Westmorland, North West England, where her ancestors had resided since the fourteenth century. She was the eldest child of Sir Thomas Parr of Horton House, Northamptonshire, descendant of King Edward III, and Maud, Lady Parr, (6 April 1495-20 August 1529), daughter of Sir Thomas Green of Greens Norton, Northamptonshire. She had a younger brother, William Parr, 1st Marquess of Northampton and a sister, Anne Parr, Lady Herbert. Sir Thomas was Sheriff of Northamptonshire, Master of the Wards and Comptroller to King Henry VIII. Her mother, Lady Parr, was an attendant of Catherine of Aragon. At the age of seventeen in 1529, she became the wife of Edward Borough, 2nd Baron Borough of Gainsborough. He died in the spring of 1532. In the summer of 1534, she married John Neville, 3rd Baron Latymer of Snape, North Yorkshire. In 1536, during the Pilgrimage of Grace, Catherine was held hostage by northern rebels, along with her two stepchildren. John Neville died in 1543. It was in the household of Henry's and Catherine of Aragon's daughter, Mary, that Catherine Parr caught the attention of the King. After the death of Catherine's second husband, the rich widow began a relationship with Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley, the brother of the late Queen Jane Seymour, but the king took a liking to her and she was obliged to accept his proposal instead.

Herbert Hoover - 31st President of USA

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:46:50 -0600

Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 - October 20, 1964) was the 31st President of the United States (1929-1933). Besides his political career, Hoover was a professional mining engineer and author. As the United States Secretary of Commerce in the 1920s under Presidents Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge, he promoted government intervention under the rubric "economic modernization". In the presidential election of 1928, Hoover easily won the Republican nomination, despite having no previous elected office experience. To date, Hoover is the last cabinet secretary to be directly elected President of the United States. The nation was prosperous and optimistic at the time, leading to a landslide victory for Hoover over Democrat Al Smith. Hoover deeply believed in the Efficiency Movement (a major component of the Progressive Era), arguing that a technical solution existed for every social and economic problem. That position was challenged by the Wall Street Crash of 1929 that took place less than eight months after his taking office, and the Great Depression that followed it which gained momentum in 1930. Hoover tried to combat the Depression with volunteer efforts and government action, none of which produced economic recovery during his term. The consensus among historians is that Hoover's defeat in the 1932 election was caused primarily by failure to end the downward economic spiral, compounded by popular opposition to prohibition. Other electoral liabilities were Hoover's lack of charisma in relating to voters, and his poor skills in working with politicians. As a result of these factors, Hoover is typically ranked very poorly among former U.S. presidents.

Ulysses S Grant - President USA

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:54:14 -0600

Ulysses S. Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant) (April 27, 1822 - July 23, 1885) was the eighteenth President of the United States of America from 1869 to 1877. The son of an Appalachian Ohio tanner, Grant entered the United States Military Academy at age 17. In 1846, three years after graduating, Grant served as a lieutenant in the Mexican-American War under Winfield Scott and future president Zachary Taylor. After the Mexican-American War concluded in 1848, Grant remained in the army, but abruptly resigned in 1854. Struggling through the coming years as a real estate agent, a laborer, and a county engineer, Grant decided to join the Northern effort in the Civil War. Popular due to the Union victory in the Civil War, Grant was elected President of the United States as a Republican in 1868 and was re-elected in 1872, the first President to serve for two full terms since Andrew Jackson forty years before. As President, Grant led Reconstruction and built a powerful patronage-based Republican Party in the South, straining relations between the North and former Confederates. His administration was marred by scandal, sometimes the product of nepotism, and the neologism Grantism was coined to describe political corruption. Grant left office in 1877 and embarked upon a two-year world tour. Unsuccessful in winning the nomination for a third term in 1880, left destitute by bad investments, and near the brink of death, Grant wrote his Memoirs, which were enormously successful among veterans, the public, and the critics. However, in 1884, Grant learned that he was suffering from terminal throat cancer and two days after completing his writing, Grant died at the age of 63. Presidential historians typically rank Grant in the lowest quartile of U.S. presidents for his tolerance of corruption, but in recent years his reputation has improved among some scholars impressed by his support for civil rights for African Americans

James A Garfield - 20th President of USA

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:53:22 -0600

James Abram Garfield (November 19, 1831 - September 19, 1881) was the 20th President of the United States. His death, two months after being shot and six months after his inauguration, made his tenure the second shortest (after William Henry Harrison) in United States history. Before his election as president, Garfield served as a major general in the United States Army and as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, and as a member of the Electoral Commission of 1876. Garfield was the second U.S. President to be assassinated; Abraham Lincoln was the first. President Garfield, a Republican, had been in office a scant four months when he was shot and fatally wounded on July 2, 1881. He lived until September 19, having served for six months and fifteen days. To date, Garfield is the only sitting member of the House of Representatives to have been elected President.

10 Top Tips for Goal Achievement

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:47:18 -0600

Here are some top tips to help you achieve your goals When you know how to achieve your goals, you can achieve the life you want. I am a qualified life coach and hypnotherapist, and I want to pass on these tips which are based on my personal experience.

Timothy Treadwell Life of the Grizzly Man

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:43:30 -0600

Timothy Treadwell (April 29, 1957 - October 5, 2003) was an American bear enthusiast, environmentalist, amateur naturalist, eco-warrior and documentary film maker. He lived among the coastal grizzly bears of Katmai National Park in Alaska, USA, for approximately 13 seasons. At the end of his 13th season in the park in 2003, he and his girlfriend Amie Huguenard were killed and partially devoured by one or possibly two grizzly bears,Treadwell's life, work and death were the subject of the 2005 documentary film by Werner Herzog titled Grizzly Man. An audio recording of the attack survived, but has not been released to the public. Born April 29, 1957 in Long Island, New York, Timothy Treadwell was a self-taught grizzly bear expert, wildlife preservationist and documentary filmmaker. Prior to embarking on his work in Alaska and following his passion for wildlife, Treadwell suffered from serious drug and alcohol problems and had several run-ins with the law before devoting his life to bears; this he credits with turning around his life. Treadwell lived unarmed among the bears in Alaska's Katmai National Park and Reserve for 13 summers and filmed his adventures in the wild during his final five seasons. Please visit my Blog by clicking HERE

The Economic Panic of 1893

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:45:02 -0600

The Panic of 1893 was a serious economic depression in the United States that began in 1893. This panic is sometimes considered a part of the Long Depression which began with the Panic of 1873, and like that of earlier crashes, was caused by railroad overbuilding and shaky railroad financing which set off a series of bank failures. Compounding market overbuilding and a railroad bubble was a run on the gold supply and a policy of using both gold and silver metals as a peg for the US Dollar value.It occurred during the presidency of Grover Cleveland

Catherine Howard fifth Wife of Henry VIII

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:43:04 -0600

Catherine Howard (c. 1521 - 13 February 1542), also spelled Katherine or Katheryn, was the fifth wife of Henry VIII of England, and sometimes known by his reference to her as his "rose without a thorn".ine's birth date and place of birth are unknown (but occasionally cited as 1521 or 1524, possibly in Wingate, County Durham. She was the daughter of Lord Edmund Howard, a younger son of the 2nd Duke of Norfolk. This made her a first cousin of the King's second wife, Anne Boleyn. Catherine married Henry VIII on 28 July 1540, at Oatlands Palace in Surrey, almost immediately after the annulment of his marriage to Anne of Cleves was arranged. However she was beheaded after less than two years of marriage to Henry on the grounds of treason, meaning adultery committed while married to the King.

Chester A Arthur - 21st President of USA

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:59:10 -0600

Chester Alan Arthur (October 5, 1829 - November 18, 1886) served as the 21st President of the United States. Arthur was a member of the Republican Party and worked as a lawyer before becoming the 20th vice president under James Garfield. While Garfield was mortally wounded by Charles J. Guiteau on July 2, 1881, he did not die until September 19, at which time Arthur was sworn in as president, serving until March 4, 1885. Before entering elected politics, Arthur was a member of the Stalwart faction of the Republican Party and a political prot�g� of Roscoe Conkling, rising to Collector of Customs for the Port of New York, a position to which he was appointed by President Ulysses S. Grant. He was then removed by the succeeding president, Rutherford B. Hayes, in an effort to reform the patronage system in New York. To the chagrin of the Stalwarts, the onetime Collector of the Port of New York became, as President, a champion of civil service reform. He avoided old political cronies and eventually alienated his old mentor Conkling. Public pressure, heightened by the assassination of Garfield, forced an unwieldy Congress to heed the President. Arthur's primary achievement was the passage of the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act. The passage of this legislation earned Arthur the moniker "The Father of Civil Service" and a favorable reputation among historians. Publisher Alexander K. McClure wrote, "No man ever entered the Presidency so profoundly and widely distrusted, and no one ever retired%u2026 more generally respected." Author Mark Twain, deeply cynical about politicians, conceded, "It would be hard indeed to better President Arthur's administration."

Monica Lewinsky

Mon, 14 Nov 2011 06:02:57 -0600

The Lewinsky scandal emerging from a relationship between United States President Bill Clinton and a 22-year-old White House intern, Monica Lewinsky. The resulting investigation eventually led to the impeachment of President Clinton in 1998 by the U.S. House of Representatives and his subsequent acquittal on all impeachment charges (of perjury and obstruction of justice) in a 21-day Senate trial. In 1995, Monica Lewinsky, a graduate of Lewis & Clark College, was hired to work as an intern at the White House during Clinton's first term, and began a personal relationship with Clinton later that year. As Lewinsky's relationship with Clinton became more distant and she left the White House to work at The Pentagon, Lewinsky confided details of her feelings and Clinton's behavior to her friend and Defense department co-worker Linda Tripp, who secretly recorded their telephone conversations. When Tripp discovered in January 1998 that Lewinsky had signed an affidavit in the Paula Jones case denying a relationship with Clinton, she delivered the tapes to Kenneth Starr, the Independent Counsel who was investigating Clinton on other matters, including the Whitewater scandal, Filegate, and Travelgate. During the grand jury testimony Clinton was guarded, and argued, "It depends on what the meaning of the word is is".

Catherine of Aragon

Wed, 09 Nov 2011 11:06:22 -0600

Catherine of Aragon (16 December 1485 - 7 January 1536) was Princess of Wales by her first marriage to Arthur, Prince of Wales, son of Henry VII of England, and Queen of England as the first wife of Henry VIII. Henry VIII's attempt to have their 24-year marriage annulled set in motion a chain of events that led to England's break with the Roman Catholic Church. Henry was dissatisfied because their sons died in infancy, leaving their daughter, the future Queen Mary I, as heiress presumptive, at a time when there was no established precedent for a woman on the throne. When Pope Clement VII refused to annul the marriage, Henry defied him by assuming supremacy over religious matters. This allowed him to marry Anne Boleyn on the judgment of clergy in England, without reference to the Pope. He was motivated by the hope of fathering a male heir to the Tudor dynasty. Catherine refused to accept Henry as Supreme Head of the Church of England and considered herself the King's rightful wife and Queen until her death.

The American System

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:45:24 -0600

The American System was a mercantilist economic plan based on the "American School" ideas of Alexander Hamilton, expanded upon later by Friedrich List, consisting of a high tariff to support internal improvements such as road-building, and a national bank to encourage productive enterprise and form a national currency. This program was intended to allow the United States to grow and prosper, by providing a defense against the dumping of cheap foreign products, mainly at the time from the British Empire.

Warren G Harding - Former USA President

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:50:34 -0600

Warren Gamaliel Harding (November 2, 1865 - August 2, 1923) was the 29th President of the United States, serving from 1921 until his death in 1923. A Republican from Ohio, Harding was an influential newspaper publisher. He served in the Ohio Senate (1899-1903) and later as Lieutenant Governor of Ohio (1903-1905) and as a U.S. Senator (1915-1921). Harding headed a cabinet of notable men such as Charles Evans Hughes, Andrew Mellon, Herbert Hoover and Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall, who was jailed for his involvement in the Teapot Dome Scandal In foreign affairs, Harding signed peace treaties that built on the Treaty of Versailles (which formally ended World War I). He also led the way to world Naval disarmament at the Washington Naval Conference of 1921-22.

Theodore Roosevelt - 26th President of USA

Sun, 29 May 2011 09:42:53 -0600

Theodore D. Roosevelt (October 27, 1858 - January 6, 1919), also known as T.R., and to the public as Teddy, was the 26th President of the United States. He was also a professional historian, naturalist, explorer, hunter, author, and soldier. He is most famous for his personality, his energy, his vast range of interests and achievements, his model of masculinity, and his "cowboy" image. The Teddy Bear is named after him, originating from a story from one of Roosevelt's hunting expeditions. Please see my lens on the History of the Teddy Bear for details of this interesting story.

Economic Panic of 1837

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:42:13 -0600

The Panic of 1837 was a panic in the United States built on a speculative fever. The bubble burst on May 10, 1837 in New York City, when every bank stopped payment in specie (gold and silver coinage). The Panic was followed by a five-year depression, with the failure of banks and record high unemployment levels.

Elizabeth I The Virgin Queen

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:47:40 -0600

Elizabeth 1 was Queen of England and is often referred to as the Virgin Queen, as she never married. She was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, who was the second wife of Henry. Elizabeth's mother, Anne Boleyn, was executed three years after her birth, and Elizabeth was declared illegitimate. Elizabeth was born in Greenwich Palace in the Chamber of Virgins on 7 September 1533 between three and four o'clock in the afternoon, and named after both her paternal and maternal grandmothers, Elizabeth of York and Elizabeth Howard.She was the second child of Henry VIII of England to survive infancy

Andrew Jackson - 7th President of USA

Thu, 03 Nov 2011 13:51:45 -0600

Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 - June 8, 1845) was the 7th President of the United States (1829-1837). He was military governor of Florida (1821), commander of the American forces at the Battle of New Orleans (1815), and eponym of the era of Jacksonian democracy. A polarizing figure who dominated American politics in the 1820s and 1830s, his political ambition, combined with widening political participation, shaping the modern Democratic Party Renowned for his toughness, he was nicknamed "Old Hickory". As he based his career in developing Tennessee, Jackson was the first president primarily associated with the American frontier. His portrait appears on the U.S. twenty-dollar bill.

Grover Cleveland - President of USA

Fri, 04 Nov 2011 12:31:49 -0600

Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837 - June 24, 1908) was both the 22nd and 24th President of the United States. Cleveland is the only President to serve two non-consecutive terms (1885-1889 and 1893-1897) and therefore is the only individual to be counted twice in the numbering of the presidents. He was the only Democrat elected to the Presidency in the era of Republican political domination that lasted from 1860 to 1912. Cleveland's admirers praise him for his honesty, independence, integrity, and commitment to the principles of classical liberalism. As a leader of the Bourbon Democrats, he opposed imperialism, taxes, subsidies and inflationary policies, but as a reformer he also worked against corruption and patronage.

The Watergate Scandal

Sun, 29 May 2011 09:46:13 -0600

The Watergate scandal was an American political scandal during the presidency of Richard Nixon that resulted in the indictment and conviction of several of Nixon's closest advisors, and ultimately in the resignation of the President himself, on August 9, 1974. The scandal began with the arrest of five men for breaking and entering into the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate Office complex in Washington, D.C. on June 17, 1972. Investigations conducted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and later by the Senate Watergate Committee, House Judiciary Committee and the press revealed that this burglary was one of many illegal activities authorized and carried out by Nixon's staff. They also revealed the immense scope of crimes and abuses, which included campaign fraud, political espionage and sabotage, illegal break-ins, improper tax audits, illegal wiretapping on a massive scale, and a secret slush fund laundered in Mexico to pay those who conducted these operations. This secret fund was also used as hush money to buy the silence of the seven men who were indicted for the June 17 break-in. Nixon and his staff conspired to cover up the break-in, and especially its connection with the White House, as early as six days after it occurred. After two years of mounting evidence against the President and his staff, which included former staff members testifying against them in a Senate investigation, it was revealed that Nixon had a tape recording system in his offices and that he had recorded many conversations. Recordings from these tapes revealed that he had obstructed justice and attempted to cover up the break-in. This recorded conversation later became known as the Smoking Gun. After a series of court battles, the United States Supreme Court unanimously ruled in United States v. Nixon that the President had to hand over the tapes; he ultimately complied. Facing certain impeachment in the House of Representatives and the strong possibility of a conviction in the Senate, Nixon resigned ten days later, becoming the only U.S. president to have resigned from office. His successor, Gerald Ford, would issue a controversial pardon for any federal crimes Nixon may have committed while in office.

Millard Fillmore - 13th President of USA

Sun, 29 May 2011 09:44:30 -0600

Millard Fillmore (January 7, 1800 - March 8, 1874) was the 13th President of the United States, serving from 1850 until 1853 and the last member of the Whig Party to hold that office. He was the second Vice President to assume the presidency upon the death of a sitting president, succeeding Zachary Taylor, who died of what is thought to be acute gastroenteritis. Fillmore was never elected president; after serving out Taylor's term, he failed to gain the nomination of the Whigs for president in the 1852 presidential election.

The History of the Teddy Bear

Mon, 18 Oct 2010 12:34:28 -0600

The Teddy Bear is named after Theodore-Roosevelt, the 26th President of the United States. It originated from a story of one of Roosevelt's hunting expeditions. Apparently Theodore-Roosevelt hated the term of "Teddy Bear", as he felt it detracted from his macho image. You can find more information on Theodore-Roosevelt by clicking on his name. I have also written a lens which tells us about the other 43 presidents of the United States, and it is called USA Presidents.

Leon Czolgosz Assassin of William McKinley, USA President

Thu, 14 Oct 2010 10:34:05 -0600

Leon Frank Czolgosz (May 1873 - October 29, 1901) was the assassin of U.S. President William McKinley. In the last few years of his life, he claimed to have been heavily influenced by anarchists such as Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman. One of seven children of Polish immigrants, Czolgosz was born in Alpena, Michigan in 1873 to Victoria and Paul Czolgosz. He was baptized in St. Albertus Catholic Church. His family moved to Detroit when he was five years old, and at the age of sixteen he was sent to work in a glass factory in Natrona, Pennsylvania for two years before moving back home. He left his family farm in Warrensville, Ohio, at the age of ten to work at the American Steel and Wire Company with two of his brothers. After the workers of his factory went on strike, he and his brothers were fired. Czolgosz then returned to the family farm in Warrensville.

The Webster Ashburton Treaty

Thu, 17 Nov 2011 12:41:37 -0600

The Webster-Ashburton Treaty, signed August 9, 1842, was a treaty resolving several border issues between the United States and the British North American colonies, particularly a dispute over the location of the Maine-New Brunswick border. It also established the details of the border between Lake Superior and the Lake of the Woods, originally defined in the Treaty of Paris (1783); reaffirmed the location of the border (at the 49th parallel) in the westward frontier up to the Rocky Mountains, originally defined in the Treaty of 1818; called for a final end to the slave trade on the high seas, to be enforced by both signatories; and agreed on terms for shared use of the Great Lakes. The treaty was signed by United States Secretary of State Daniel Webster and United Kingdom Privy Counsellor Alexander Baring, 1st Baron Ashburton. A plaque commemorating the treaty was placed at the site of the old State Department building in Washington, D.C. where the signing occurred.

James Madison - 4th President of USA

Sun, 29 May 2011 10:11:14 -0600

James Madison (March 16, 1751 - June 28, 1836) was fourth President of the United States (1809-1817), and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. He was considered to be the "Father of the Constitution" , as he was the principal author of the document. In 1788, he wrote over a third of the Federalist Papers, still the most influential commentary on the Constitution. The first President to have served in the United States Congress, he was a leader in the 1st United States Congress, drafted many basic laws and was responsible for the first ten amendments to the Constitution (said to be based on the Virginia Declaration of Rights), and thus is also known as the "Father of the Bill of Rights". As a political theorist, Madison's most distinctive belief was that the new republic needed checks and balances to protect individual rights from the tyranny of the majority.

Benjamin Harrison - 23rd President of USA

Sun, 29 May 2011 10:03:15 -0600

Benjamin Harrison (August 20, 1833 - March 13, 1901) was the 23rd President of the United States, serving one term from 1889 to 1893. During the American Civil War Harrison served as a Brigadier General in the XXI Corps of the Army of the Cumberland. After the war he unsuccessfully ran for the governorship of Indiana, but was later elected to the U.S. Senate from that state. Harrison, a Republican, was elected to the presidency in 1888, defeating the Democratic incumbent, Grover Cleveland. He is the only president elected from the state of Indiana. His presidential administration is best known for its economic legislation, including the McKinley Tariff and the Sherman Antitrust Act, and for annual federal spending that reached one billion dollars for the first time. Democrats attacked the "Billion Dollar Congress", and used the issue, along with the growing unpopularity of the high tariff, to defeat the Republicans, both in the 1890 mid-term elections and in Harrison's bid for re-election in 1892. After failing to win re-election he returned to private life at his home in Indianapolis where he remarried, wrote a book, and later represented the Republic of Venezuela in an international case against the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. In 1900 he travelled to Europe as part of the case and, after a brief stay, returned to Indianapolis. .

Jane Seymour Third Wife of Henry VIII

Sun, 29 May 2011 09:47:15 -0600

Jane Seymour (1508 - 24 October 1537) was Queen Consort of England as the third wife of King Henry VIII. She succeeded Anne Boleyn as Queen Consort following the latter's execution in 1536. She died of post-natal complications less than two weeks after the birth of her only child, Edward VI.

John Adams - 2nd President of USA

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:40:59 -0600

John Adams (October 30, 1735 - July 4, 1826) was the 2nd President of the United States (1797-1801). Adams came to prominence in the early stages of the American Revolution. As a delegate from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress, he played a leading role in persuading Congress to adopt the United States Declaration of Independence in 1776. As a representative of Congress in Europe, he was a major negotiator of the eventual peace treaty with Great Britain, and chiefly responsible for obtaining important loans from Amsterdam. Adams was the father of John Quincy Adams, the 6th President of the United States

John Quincy Adams - 6th President of USA

Fri, 04 Nov 2011 12:29:59 -0600

John Quincy Adams (July 11, 1767 - February 23, 1848) served as the 6th President of the United States from March 4, 1825 to March 4, 1829. He was a member of the Federalist, Democratic-Republican, National Republican, and later Anti-Masonic and Whig parties. Adams was born to John Adams, Jr. and Abigail Adams in what is now Quincy, Massachusetts Adams first learned of the Declaration of Independence from the letters his father wrote his mother from the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia. Much of Adams' youth was spent accompanying his father overseas. John Adams had served as an American envoy to France from 1778 until 1779 and to the Netherlands from 1780 until 1782, and the younger Adams accompanied his father on these journeys.

Entrepreneurs - The Skills you Need

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:51:41 -0600

Are the skills of an Entrepreneur innate, or can they be learned? i think the first step is to look at the skills of an Entrepreneur and then to examine whether they can be learned or not. Si I have done some research to establish the accepted skills of an Entrepreneur so as to examine the skills under consideration

Keeping Fit

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:49:30 -0600

Keep fit and have fun! It has been taken up by several celebrities! Exciting competitions!!! Here are a few samples, including lessons, which may tempt you to take up this energetic past-time! It can help you to lose weight, as you exercise muscles that you would not normally do!

Benjamin Harrison - President of USA

Fri, 04 Nov 2011 12:25:19 -0600

Entrepreneur and Skills

Tue, 06 Sep 2011 06:35:39 -0600

There have been studies to determine the qualites of an Entrepreneur. Shall we try to identify them here so that we can see how we match up? If we haven't got them at present, can we learn them? I think it is a good idea to identify them first, so here we go.

Gerald Ford - 40th President of USA

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:40:16 -0600

Gerald Rudolph Ford, Jr. (born Leslie Lynch King, Jr.) (July 14, 1913 - December 26, 2006) was the 38th President of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977, and the 40th Vice President of the United States serving from 1973 to 1974. Before ascending to the vice-presidency, Ford served nearly 25 years as Representative from Michigan's 5th congressional district, eight of them as the Republican Minority Leader. As President, Ford signed the Helsinki Accords, marking a move toward detente in the Cold War. With the conquest of South Vietnam by North Vietnam nine months into his presidency, US involvement in Vietnam essentially came to an end. Domestically, Ford presided over the worst economy since the Great Depression, with growing inflation and a recession during his tenure. One of his more controversial decisions was granting a presidential pardon to President Richard Nixon for his role in the Watergate scandal. During Ford's incumbency, foreign policy was characterized in procedural terms by the increased role Congress began to play, and by the corresponding curb on the powers of the President. In 1976, Ford narrowly defeated Ronald Reagan for the Republican nomination, but ultimately lost the presidential election to Democrat Jimmy Carter. Following his years as president, Ford remained active in the Republican Party. After experiencing health problems and being admitted to the hospital four times in 2006, Ford died in his home on December 26, 2006. He is the longest-lived president in U.S. history, dying at the age of 93.

10 things to do before you die!!

Sun, 29 May 2011 09:43:48 -0600

Are there things you have always wanted to do but just have not had the time in the busy schedule? Are you short of ideas of what you could be doing to create wonderful memories for yourself? Are you in need of inspiration? If your answer is "Yes" to any of these questions, then this is the lens for you!!

James Madison - 4th President of the USA

Thu, 17 Nov 2011 12:33:03 -0600

James Madison (March 16, 1751 - June 28, 1836) was 4th President of the United States (1809-1817), and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Considered to be the "Father of the Constitution", he was the principal author of the document. In 1788, he wrote over a third of the Federalist Papers, still the most influential commentary on the Constitution. The first President to have served in the United States Congress, he was a leader in the 1st United States Congress, drafted many basic laws and was responsible for the first ten amendments to the Constitution (said to be based on the Virginia Declaration of Rights), and thus is also known as the "Father of the Bill of Rights" . As a political theorist, Madison's most distinctive belief was that the new republic needed checks and balances to protect individual rights from the tyranny of the majority.

George Washington - 1st President of USA

Mon, 18 Oct 2010 12:42:20 -0600

George Washington (February 22, 1732 to December 14, 1799) was the 1st President of the United States of America from 1789 to 1797. The Continental Congress appointed Washington commander-in-chief of the American revolutionary forces in 1775, and he played a central role in the American Revolutionary War . In 1776 he forced the British out of Boston, lost New York City, and crossed the Delaware River in New Jersey, defeating the surprised enemy units. As a result of his strategy, Revolutionary forces captured the two main British combat armies at Saratoga and Yorktown. Negotiating with Congress, the colonial states, and French allies, he held together a tenuous army and a fragile nation amid the threats of disintegration and failure. Following the end of the war in 1783, Washington returned to private life and retired to his plantation at Mount Vernon, prompting an incredulous King George III to state, "If he does that, he will be the greatest man in the world." Washington was awarded the very first Congressional Gold Medal with the Thanks of Congress. Washington died in 1799, and the funeral oration delivered by Henry Lee stated that of all Americans, he was "first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen."

Chester A Arthur - 21st President of the USA

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 11:10:16 -0600

Chester Alan Arthur (October 5, 1829 - November 18, 1886) served as the 21st President of the United States. Arthur was a member of the Republican Party and worked as a lawyer before becoming the 20th vice president under James Garfield. While Garfield was mortally wounded by Charles J. Guiteau on July 2, 1881, he did not die until September 19, at which time Arthur was sworn in as president, serving until March 4, 1885. Before entering elected politics, Arthur was a member of the Stalwart faction of the Republican Party and a political protege of Roscoe Conkling, rising to Collector of Customs for the Port of New York, a position to which he was appointed by President Ulysses S. Grant. He was then removed by the succeeding president, Rutherford B. Hayes, in an effort to reform the patronage system in New York. To the chagrin of the Stalwarts, the onetime Collector of the Port of New York became, as President, a champion of civil service reform. He avoided old political cronies and eventually alienated his old mentor Conkling. Public pressure, heightened by the assassination of Garfield, forced an unwieldy Congress to heed the President. Arthur's primary achievement was the passage of the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act. The passage of this legislation earned Arthur the moniker "The Father of Civil Service" and a favorable reputation among historians. Publisher Alexander K. McClure wrote, "No man ever entered the Presidency so profoundly and widely distrusted, and no one ever retired%u2026 more generally respected." Author Mark Twain, deeply cynical about politicians, conceded, "It would be hard indeed to better President Arthur's administration."

Time Travel Evidence

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 10:54:44 -0600

James Buchanan - 15th President of USA

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 10:38:08 -0600

James Buchanan (April 23, 1791 - June 1, 1868) was the 15th President of the United States from 1857-1861 and the last to be born in the 18th century. To date he is the only President from the state of Pennsylvania and the only to remain a lifelong bachelor. As President he was a "doughface", a Northerner with Southern sympathies who battled with Stephen A. Douglas for the control of the Democratic Party. A popular and experienced politician when he took office, Buchanan's efforts to maintain peace between the North and the South alienated both sides. As the Southern states declared their secession in the prologue to the American Civil War, Buchanan's opinion was that secession was illegal, but that going to war to stop it was also illegal; hence he remained inactive. By the time he left office, popular opinion had turned against him and the Democratic Party had split in two. His handling of the crisis preceding the Civil War has led to his consistent ranking by historians as one of the worst Presidents in American history.

John Tyler - 10th President of USA

Thu, 14 Oct 2010 10:57:10 -0600

John Tyler, Jr. (March 29, 1790 - January 18, 1862) was the 10th President of the United States (1841-1845) and the first ever to obtain that office via succession. Arguably the most famous and significant achievement of Tyler's administration was the annexation of the Republic of Texas in 1845. Tyler was the first president born after the adoption of the U.S. Constitution, and the only president to have held the office of President pro tempore of the Senate.

Franklin Pierce - 14th President of USA

Fri, 04 Nov 2011 12:30:22 -0600

Franklin Pierce (November 23, 1804 - October 8, 1869) was the 14th President of the United States, serving from 1853 to 1857, a politician and lawyer. Pierce was a Democrat and a "doughface" (a Northerner with Southern sympathies) who served in the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate. Later, Pierce took part in the Mexican-American War and became a brigadier general. His private law practice in his home state, New Hampshire, was so successful that he was offered several important positions, which he turned down. Later, he was nominated for president as a dark horse candidate on the 49th ballot at the 1852 Democratic National Convention. In the presidential election, Pierce and his running mate William R. King won by a landslide in the Electoral College, defeating the Whig Party ticket of Winfield Scott and William A. Graham by a 50% to 44% margin in the popular vote and 254 to 42 in the electoral vote. According to historian David Potter, Pierce was sometimes referred to as "Baby" Pierce, apparently in reference to both his youthful appearance and his being the youngest president to take office to that point (although he was only a year younger than James K. Polk when he took office). His inoffensive personality caused him to make many friends, but he suffered tragedy in his personal life and as president subsequently made decisions which were widely criticized and divisive in their effects, thus giving him the reputation as one of the worst presidents in U.S. history. Pierce's popularity in the North declined sharply after he came out in favor of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, repealing the Missouri Compromise and reopening the question of the expansion of slavery in the West. Pierce's credibility was further damaged when several of his diplomats issued the Ostend Manifesto. Historian David Potter concludes that the Ostend Manifesto and the Kansas-Nebraska Act were "the two great calamities of the Franklin Pierce administration.... Both brought down an avalanche of public criticism." Abandoned by his party, Pierce was not re-nominated to run in the 1856 presidential election and was replaced by James Buchanan as the Democratic candidate. After losing the Democratic nomination, Pierce continued his lifelong struggle with alcoholism as his marriage to Jane Means Appleton Pierce fell apart. His reputation was destroyed during the American Civil War when he declared support for the Confederacy, and personal correspondence between Pierce and Confederate President Jefferson Davis was leaked to the press. He died in 1869 from cirrhosis. Philip B. Kunhardt and Peter W. Kunhardt reflected the views of many historians when they wrote in The American President that Pierce was "a good man who didn't understand his own shortcomings. He was genuinely religious, loved his wife and reshaped himself so that he could adapt to her ways and show her true affection. He was one of the most popular men in New Hampshire, polite and thoughtful, easy and good at the political game, charming and fine and handsome. However, he has been criticized as timid and unable to cope with a changing America."

Henry VIII - Get to know his Wives

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:34:20 -0600

Henry VIII was born on 28 June 1491, and was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death on- 28 January 1547. He was the second monarch of the House of Tudor, succeeding his father, Henry VII. Henry VIII was a significant figure in the history of the English monarchy. Although in the great part of his reign he brutally suppressed the influence of the Protestant Reformation in England, a movement having some roots with John Wycliffe in the 14th century, he is more popularly known for his role in the separation of the Church of England from the Roman Catholic Church. Henry's struggles with Rome ultimately led to the separation of the Church of England from papal authority, the Dissolution of the Monasteries, and establishing himself as the Supreme Head of the Church of England. Although some claim that Henry became a Protestant on his death-bed, he advocated a ceremony and doctrine akin to Catholicism throughout his life, even after his excommunication from the Roman Catholic Church following the divorce of his first wife and the marriage of his second wife. Royal support for the English Reformation began with his heirs, the devout Edward VI and the renowned Elizabeth I, whilst daughter Mary I temporarily reinstated papal authority over England. Henry also oversaw the legal union of England and Wales with the Laws in Wales Acts 1535-1542. He is also noted for his six wives, two of whom were beheaded.

Zachary Taylor - 12th President of USA

Sat, 23 Oct 2010 11:48:24 -0600

Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 - July 9, 1850) was the 12th President of the United States. Known as "Old Rough and Ready" Taylor had a 40-year military career in the U.S. Army, serving in the War of 1812, Black Hawk War, and Second Seminole War before achieving fame leading U.S. troops to victory at several critical battles of the Mexican-American War. A Southern slaveholder who opposed the spread of slavery to the territories, he was uninterested in politics but was recruited by the Whig Party as their nominee in the 1848 presidential election.

Boston Police Strike

Sat, 23 Oct 2010 11:16:07 -0600

In response to rumors that policemen of the Boston Police Department planned to form a trade union, Police Commissioner Edwin U. Curtis issued a statement saying that such a move would not be countenanced. In August of that year, the American Federation of Labor issued a charter to the Boston Police Union. Curtis said the union's leaders were insubordinate and planned to relieve them of duty, but said that he would suspend the sentence if the union was dissolved by September 4. The mayor of Boston, Andrew Peters, convinced Curtis to delay his action for a few days, but Curtis ultimately suspended the union leaders after a brief delay, on September 8.

William Henry Harrison - 9th President of USA

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 10:33:10 -0600

William Henry Harrison (February 9, 1773 - April 4, 1841) was an American military officer and politician, the 9th President of the United States, and the first president to die in office. The oldest president elected (until Ronald Reagan in 1980), and last President to be born prior to the United States Declaration of Independence, Harrison died on his 32nd day in office-the shortest tenure in United States presidential history. His death sparked a brief constitutional crisis, but that crisis ultimately resolved many questions about presidential succession.

The Teapot Dome Scandal

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 10:29:51 -0600

The Teapot Dome Scandal refers to a bribery scandal of the White House administration of United States President Warren G. Harding. Teapot Dome is an oil field on public land in the U.S. state of Wyoming, so named for Teapot Rock, an outcrop resembling a teapot overlooking the field. In 1921, by executive order of President Harding, control of Naval oil reserves at Teapot Dome in Wyoming and at Elk Hills, California, was transferred from the Navy Department to the Department of the Interior. The oil reserves had been set aside for the Navy by President Taft. In 1922, Albert B. Fall, U.S. Secretary of the Interior, leased, without competitive bidding, the Teapot Dome fields to Harry F. Sinclair, an oil operator, and the field at Elk Hills, California, to Edward L. Doheny. These transactions became (1922-23) the subject of a Senate investigation conducted by Sen. Thomas J. Walsh. It was found that in 1921, Doheny had lent Fall $100,000, interest-free, and that upon Fall's retirement as Secretary of the Interior, in March 1923, Sinclair also lent him a large amount of money. The investigation led to criminal prosecutions. Fall was indicted for conspiracy and for accepting bribes. Convicted of the latter charge, he was sentenced to a year in prison and fined $100,000. In another trial for bribery Doheny and Sinclair were acquitted, although Sinclair was subsequently sentenced to prison for contempt of the Senate and for employing detectives to shadow members of the jury in his case. The oil fields were restored to the U.S. government through a Supreme Court decision in 1927.

James Monroe - 5th President of USA

Thu, 14 Oct 2010 10:08:21 -0600

James Monroe <.b>(April 28, 1758 - July 4, 1831) was the 5th President of the United States (1817-1825). His administration was marked by the acquisition of Florida (1819), the Missouri Compromise (1820), the admission of Maine in 1820 as a free state, and the profession of the Monroe Doctrine (1823), declaring U.S. opposition to European interference in the Americas, as well as breaking all ties with France remaining from the War of 1812.

How to Become Wealthy

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 10:51:42 -0600

Why not become Wealthy? Please do not think that you do not deserve it! I am in a Club which gives ordinary people the chance to improve their finances and to move towards financial independence. I have found some useful truths, which will help you on your way to financial independence, and they are outlined below.

Samuel Smiles and Self Help

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:57:05 -0600

Born in Haddington (Scotland) the son of Samuel Smiles of Haddington and Janet Wilson of Dalkeith, Smiles was one of eleven surviving children. The family were strict Cameronians. He left school at the age of 14 and was apprenticed to a doctor, an arrangement that eventually enabled Smiles to study medicine at the University of Edinburgh. His father died in the cholera epidemic of 1832, but Smiles was enabled to continue with his studies, supported by his mother who kept running the family shop selling hardware, books, etc, firm in the belief that "The Lord will provide". Her example, working ceaselessly to support herself and his nine younger siblings, was a strong influence on his future life, though he developed a more benign and tolerant outlook somewhat at odds with his Cameronian forebears . While studying and after graduating, he campaigned for parliamentary reform, contributing articles to the "Edinburgh Weekly Chronicle" and the "Leeds Times" Samuel Smiles married Sarah Ann Holmes Dixon in Leeds in December 7, 1843. They had three daughters, Janet, Edith and Lillian, and two sons, William and Samuel. In his late teens, Samuel junior contracted a lung disease, and his father was advised to send him on a long sea voyage. The letters young Samuel Smiles wrote home, and the log he kept of his journey to Australia and America between February 1869 and March 1871, were later edited by his father and published in London in 1877, under the title 'A Boy's Voyage Round the World'. Samuel senior's grandchildren include Sir Walter Smiles, an Ulster Unionist Party MP. Through this family, Samuel Smiles is also the great-great-grandfather of popular explorer Bear Grylls.

How to Put yourself in Flow

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:54:46 -0600

Putting yourself in flow means that you put yourself in a positive mood so that you can produce good results and have a wonderful sense of well-being. The positive message is that you can control your mood. You do not have to feel affected by the events around you! You can learn to put yourself into a good mood and live your life in the flow This helps you to become a more creative and positive person. I hope to give you a few tips here which you can put into practice.

Woodrow Wilson - 28th President of USA

Sat, 23 Oct 2010 11:34:28 -0600

Thomas Woodrow Wilson, Ph.D. (December 28, 1856-February 3, 1924) was the 28th President of the United States. A leading intellectual of the Progressive Era, he served as President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910, and then as the Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913. Wilson was elected President as a Democrat in 1912. To date he is the only President to hold a doctorate (Ph.D.) degree. Narrowly re-elected in 1916, Wilson had a second term centered on World War I. He promised to maintain U.S. neutrality, but when the German Empire began unrestricted submarine warfare, he wrote several admonishing notes to Germany, and in April 1917 asked Congress to declare war on the Central Powers. He focused on diplomacy and financial considerations, leaving the waging of the war primarily in the hands of the military establishment. On the home front, he began the first effective draft in 1917, raised billions in war funding through Liberty Bonds, imposed an income tax, enacted the first federal drug prohibition, set up the War Industries Board, promoted labor union growth, supervised agriculture and food production through the Lever Act, took over control of the railroads, and suppressed anti-war movements. National women's suffrage was achieved under Wilson's presidency, but this egalitarian success was offset by the Wilson administration's segregation of the federal government. In the late stages of the war, Wilson took personal control of negotiations with Germany, including the armistice. He issued his Fourteen Points, his view of a post-war world that could avoid another terrible conflict. He went to Paris in 1919 to create the League of Nations and shape the Treaty of Versailles, with special attention on creating new nations out of defunct empires. Largely for his efforts to form the League, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1919. Wilson collapsed with a debilitating stroke in 1919, as the home front saw massive strikes and race riots, and wartime prosperity turn into post-war depression. He refused to compromise with the Republicans who controlled Congress after 1918, effectively destroying any chance for ratification of the Versailles Treaty. The League of Nations was established anyway, but the United States never joined. Wilson's idealistic internationalism, calling for the United States to enter the world arena to fight for democracy, progressiveness, and liberalism.

John Adams - 2nd President of USA

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 10:52:31 -0600

John Adams (October 30, 1735 - July 4, 1826) was the second President of the United States (1797-1801). Adams came to prominence in the early stages of the American Revolution. As a delegate from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress, he played a leading role in persuading Congress to adopt the United States Declaration of Independence in 1776. As a representative of Congress in Europe, he was a major negotiator of the eventual peace treaty with Great Britain, and chiefly responsible for obtaining important loans from Amsterdam. Adams was the father of John Quincy Adams, the 6th President of the United States

William Howard Taft - 27th President of USA

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 10:39:07 -0600

William Howard Taft (September 15, 1857 - March 8, 1930) was the 27th President of the United States. Born in 1857 in Cincinnati, Ohio, into the powerful Taft family, Taft graduated from Yale College in 1878, and later graduated from Cincinnati Law School in 1880. After his graduation from Cincinnati Law School, Taft worked in a number of local legal positions until being appointed a judge to the Ohio Superior Court in 1887. Taft was then appointed Solicitor General of the United States in 1890 and a judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit in 1891. In 1900, President William McKinley appointed Taft Governor-General of the Philippines. In 1904, President Theodore Roosevelt, then a political ally of Taft, appointed Taft Secretary of War in order to groom Taft as his successor to the presidency. Riding a wave of popular support of President, and fellow Republican, Theodore Roosevelt, Taft won an easy victory in his 1908 bid for the presidency.

Zachary Taylor - 12th President of USA

Sat, 10 Sep 2011 09:21:45 -0600

Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 - July 9, 1850) was the 12th President of the United States Known as "Old Rough and Ready," Taylor had a 40-year military career in the U.S. Army, serving in the War of 1812, Black Hawk War, and Second Seminole War before achieving fame leading U.S. troops to victory at several critical battles of the Mexican-American War. A Southern slaveholder who opposed the spread of slavery to the territories, he was uninterested in politics but was recruited by the Whig Party as their nominee in the 1848 presidential election.

French Manicure DIY

Thu, 14 Oct 2010 10:20:09 -0600

Are you fed up of having stubby, untidy nails but want to avoid shelling out in the salon? Then you can get professional-looking nails by following this simple guide to a self-styled French manicure. If you have difficulty growing your fingernails, try taking a course of Sea Kelp , which can be purchased very cheaply from most health shops. See my lens on Sea Kelp for your Fingernails for more details on how to achieve fingernail growth the natural way.

How to gain Traffic to your Squidoo Lens with SEO

Wed, 20 Oct 2010 21:16:36 -0600

Would you like to attract free traffic to your squidoo lens or indeed a web-site? SEO is consider to be the best method for this. Find out how you can do this in a few easy steps Everything is provided for you here in the Squidoo Tools, and all you need to do is to learn what you have to do. I have gained a little experience in Squidoo, and I am happy to pass this info onto others, as we all work to make Squidoo a quality place.

James K Polk - 11th President of USA

Sun, 29 May 2011 09:56:40 -0600

James Knox Polk(November 2, 1795 - June 15, 1849) was the eleventh President of the United States (1845-1849). Polk was born in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, but mostly lived in and represented the state of Tennessee. A Democrat, Polk served as Speaker of the House (1835-1839) and Governor of Tennessee (1839-1841) prior to becoming president. A firm supporter of Andrew Jackson, Polk was the last strong pre-Civil War president. Polk is noted for his foreign policy successes. He threatened war with Britain then backed away and split the ownership of the Northwest with Britain. He is even more famous for leading the successful Mexican-American War. He lowered the tariff and established a treasury system that lasted until 1913. A dark horse candidate in 1844, he was the first president to retire after a single term without seeking re-election.

Russell Crowe - the Man and his Movies

Sun, 06 Nov 2011 05:40:52 -0600

This lens is about Russell Crowe; the Man and his Movies This Australian man is a great actor, though not always been granted the aware that he deserves. His rebellious attitude does not always suit the authorities. I love his performances in "LA Confidential", "The Beautiful Mind" and "Master and Commander" in particular, though he always puts in a great performance.

Laws of Attraction

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:29:22 -0600

The Science of Getting Rich was a little book written in 1910 by Wallace D Wattles It was written in archaic language, so I have spent the time re-drafting it in a more modern language. I hope that from studying this, you will be able to use it to improve your life. Wallace D Wattles understood the principles of the universe, including the Laws of Attraction. Although he did not use that term, he has incorporated the Laws of Attraction within this book, and shows you how to achieve what you want. This knowledge helps you to become a co-creator of your life. There is much to be learned from these wise, simple words. I hope that you will find this summary useful. I hope that you use the information to improve your life and lead the life you are intended to live. This book is available as an Audio Book, and you can obtain this from Amazon at the link below

Thomas Jefferson - 3rd President of USA

Fri, 04 Nov 2011 12:28:41 -0600

The 3rd President of the United States (1801-1809), the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776), and one of the most influential Founding Fathers for his promotion of the ideals of republicanism in the United States. Major events during his presidency include the Louisiana Purchase (1803) and the Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-1806).

The Boston Massacre

Tue, 03 Nov 2009 10:20:25 -0600

The Boston Massacre was an incident that led to the deaths of five civilians at the hands of British troops on March 5, 1770, the legal aftermath of which helped spark the rebellion in some of the British colonies in America, which culminated in the American Revolution. A tense situation because of a heavy British military presence in Boston boiled over to incite brawls between soldiers and civilians and eventually led to troops discharging their muskets after being attacked by a rioting crowd. Three civilians were killed at the scene of the shooting, and two died after the incident.

London Top Attractions

Fri, 04 Nov 2011 12:34:50 -0600

London is a wonderful city. It has a long history, with the result that it has the most wonderful buildings and great places of interest. It was Samuel Johnson who said "Anyone who is bored with London, is bored with life" He was correct, as London has something to offer to everyone, whatever your tastes.

How to tie a Bow Tie

Mon, 01 Nov 2010 11:47:24 -0600

It is not difficult to tie a bow tie. It is easy when you know how. You never know when you may need to do this, so learn it now. Even women find it useful, as they may be able to help a male friend tie a bow tie for a function. It is one of the social graces! This lens gives you a step by step guide. Also, there is a video at the end which makes it really easy.

Martin Van Buren - 8th President of USA

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 10:44:47 -0600

Martin Van Buren (December 5, 1782 - July 24, 1862) was the 8th President of the United States from 1837 to 1841. Before his presidency, he served as the eighth Vice President (1833-1837) and the 10th Secretary of State under Andrew Jackson. Martin Van Buren was a key organizer of the Democratic Party, a dominant figure in the Second Party System, and the first president who was not of British

Calvin Coolidge - 30th President of USA

Thu, 14 Oct 2010 10:35:12 -0600

John Calvin Coolidge. (July 4, 1872 - January 5, 1933) was the 30th President of the United States (1923-1929). A Republican lawyer from Vermont, Coolidge worked his way up the ladder of Massachusetts state politics, eventually becoming governor of that state. His actions during the Boston Police Strike of 1919 thrust him into the national spotlight. Soon after, he was elected as the 29th Vice President in 1920 and succeeded to the Presidency upon the death of Warren G. Harding. Elected in his own right in 1924, he gained a reputation as a small-government conservative. Coolidge restored public confidence in the White House after the scandals of his predecessor's administration, and left office with considerable popularity. As his biographer later put it, "he embodied the spirit and hopes of the middle class, could interpret their longings and express their opinions. That he did represent the genius of the average is the most convincing proof of his strength." Many later criticized Coolidge as part of a general criticism of laissez-faire government. His reputation underwent a renaissance during the Ronald Reagan Administration, but the ultimate assessment of his presidency is still divided between those who approve of his reduction of the size of government and those who believe the federal government should be more involved in regulating and controlling the economy

Martin Van Buren - 8th President USA

Sun, 29 May 2011 10:03:37 -0600

Martin Van Buren (December 5, 1782 - July 24, 1862) was the eighth President of the United States from 1837 to 1841. Before his presidency, he served as the eighth Vice President (1833-1837) and the 10th Secretary of State under Andrew Jackson. He was a key organizer of the Democratic Party, a dominant figure in the Second Party System, and the first president who was not of British (i.e. English, Welsh, Scottish) or Irish descent - his ancestry was Dutch. He was the first president to be born an American citizen (his predecessors were born British subjects prior to the American Revolution); he is also the only president not to have spoken English as a first language, having grown up speaking Dutch. He was also the first President from New York.

How to be a Success!

Sun, 28 Aug 2011 11:14:42 -0600

This is "The Secret" This is the Laws of Attraction put into practice! This is a practical system that you can use to achieve powerful results in your life! You can live the life you were meant to live! When you learn the Secret to using your subconscious mind to achieve what you want you can change your life for the better. This shows you how.

United States Presidential Election 1884 and Grover Cleveland

Sat, 23 Oct 2010 11:47:51 -0600

The United States presidential election of 1884 featured excessive mud-slinging and personal acrimony. On November 4, 1884, New York Governor Grover Cleveland narrowly defeated Republican former United States Senator James G. Blaine of Maine to become the first Democrat elected President of the United States since the election of 1856, before the American Civil War. New York decided the election, awarding Governor Cleveland the state's 36 electors by a margin of just 1,047 of 1,167,003 votes cast.

The White House

Mon, 18 Oct 2010 09:14:53 -0600

The White House is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the United States. Located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., it was built between 1792 and 1800 of white-painted Aquia sandstone in the late Georgian style and has been the executive residence of every U.S. President since John Adams. When Thomas Jefferson moved into the home in 1801, he (with architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe) expanded the building outward, creating two colonnades which were meant to conceal stables and storage. In 1814, during the War of 1812, the mansion was set ablaze by the British Army in the Burning of Washington, destroying the interior and charring much of the exterior. Reconstruction began almost immediately, and President James Monroe moved into the partially reconstructed house in October 1817. Construction continued with the addition of the South Portico in 1824 and the North in 1829. Due to crowding within the executive mansion itself, President Theodore Roosevelt had nearly all work offices relocated to the newly-constructed West Wing in 1901. Eight years later, President William Howard Taft expanded the West Wing and created the first Oval Office which was eventually moved as the section was expanded. The third-floor attic was converted to living quarters in 1927 by augmenting the existing hip roof with long shed dormers. A newly constructed East Wing was used as a reception area for social events; both new wings were connected by Jefferson's colonnades. East Wing alterations were completed in 1946 creating additional office space. By 1948, the house's load-bearing exterior walls and internal wood beams were found to be close to failure. Under Harry S. Truman, the interior rooms were completely dismantled, resulting in the construction of a new internal load-bearing steel framework and the reassembly of the interior rooms. Today the White House Complex includes the Executive Residence (in which the First Family resides), the West Wing (the location of the Oval Office, Cabinet Room, and Roosevelt Room), and the East Wing (the location of the office of the First Lady and White House Social Secretary), as well as the Old Executive Office Building, which houses the executive offices of the President and Vice President.

James Knox Polk - 11th President of USA

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 10:59:19 -0600

James Knox Polk (November 2, 1795 - June 15, 1849) was the 11th President of the United States (1845-1849). Polk was born in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, but mostly lived in and represented the state of Tennessee. A Democrat, Polk served as Speaker of the House (1835-1839) and Governor of Tennessee (1839-1841) prior to becoming president. A firm supporter of Andrew Jackson, Polk was the last strong pre-Civil War president. Polk is noted for his foreign policy successes. He threatened war with Britain then backed away and split the ownership of the Northwest with Britain. He is even more famous for leading the successful Mexican-American War. He lowered the tariff and established a treasury system that lasted until 1913. A dark horse candidate in 1844, he was the first president to retire after a single term without seeking re-election.

William McKinley - 25th President of USA

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 10:34:14 -0600

William McKinley (January 29, 1843 - September 14, 1901) was the 25th President of the United States, and the last veteran of the American Civil War to be elected. By the 1880s, McKinley was a national Republican leader, with his signature issue being high tariffs on imports as a formula for prosperity, as typified by his McKinley Tariff of 1890. As the Republican candidate in the 1896 presidential election, he upheld the gold standard, and promoted pluralism among ethnic groups. His campaign, designed by Mark Hanna, introduced new advertising-style campaign techniques that revolutionized campaign practices and beat back the crusading of his arch-rival, William Jennings Bryan. The 1896 election is often considered a realigning election that marked the beginning of the Progressive Era. McKinley presided over a return to prosperity after the Panic of 1893 and was re-elected in 1900 after another intense campaign against Bryan, this one focused on foreign policy. As president, he fought the Spanish-American War. Later he annexed the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam, as well as Hawaii, and set up a protectorate over Cuba. He was assassinated by Leon Czolgosz an American anarchist of Polish descent.

How to Make a Cup of Tea

Thu, 14 Oct 2010 12:58:50 -0600

A good cup of tea is very refreshing! I love it! However, it has to be made properly, and there are a few tips here that will help you to share in this experience! The drinking of tea is a stimulating experience, and can give you health benefits.

The Nullification Crisis

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:49:41 -0600

The Nullification Crisis was a sectional crisis during the presidency of Andrew Jackson created by the Ordinance of Nullification, an attempt by the state of South Carolina to nullify a federal law passed by the United States Congress. The highly protective Tariff of 1828 (also called the "Tariff of Abominations") was enacted into law during the presidency of John Quincy Adams. Opposed in the South and parts of New England, the expectation of the tariff's opponents was that with the election of Jackson the tariff would be significantly reduced. The nation had suffered an economic downturn throughout the 1820s, and South Carolina was particularly affected. Many South Carolina politicians blamed the change in fortunes on the national tariff policy that developed after the War of 1812 to promote American manufacturing over its British competition. By 1828 South Carolina state politics increasingly organized around the tariff issue.

George W Bush - 43rd President of USA

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:36:51 -0600

George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) served as the 43rd President of the United States from 2001 to 2009. He was the 46th Governor of Texas from 1995 to 2000 before being sworn in as President on January 20, 2001. Bush is the eldest son of the 41st U.S. President George H. W. Bush and Barbara Bush. After graduating from Yale University in 1968, and Harvard Business School in 1975, Bush worked in his family's oil businesses. He married Laura Welch in 1977 and unsuccessfully ran for the United States House of Representatives shortly thereafter. He later co-owned the Texas Rangers baseball team before defeating Ann Richards to become Governor of Texas in 1994. In a close and controversial election, Bush was elected President in 2000 as the Republican candidate, receiving a majority of the electoral votes, but losing the popular vote to then Vice President Al Gore. Eight months into Bush's first term as president, the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks occurred, and Bush announced a global War on Terrorism, ordered an invasion of Afghanistan that same year and an invasion of Iraq in 2003. In addition to national security issues, Bush promoted policies on the economy, health care, education, and social security reform. He signed into law broad tax cuts, the No Child Left Behind Act and Medicare prescription drug benefits for seniors. His tenure saw a national debate on immigration and social security. Bush successfully ran for re-election against Democratic Senator John Kerry in 2004, garnering 50.7% of the popular vote to his opponent's 48.3%. After his re-election, Bush received increasingly heated criticism from some sources. In 2005, the Bush Administration dealt with widespread criticism over its handling of Hurricane Katrina. In December 2007, the United States entered the longest post-World War II recession, and his administration took more direct control of the economy, enacting multiple economic stimulus packages. Though Bush was a popular president for much of his first term, his popularity declined sharply in his second term After leaving office, Bush returned to Texas. He is currently a public speaker and is writing a book about his presidency. TO BE CONTINUED

The Mexican American War 1846 to 1848

Tue, 03 Nov 2009 10:28:17 -0600

The Mexican-American War was an armed conflict between the United States and Mexico from 1846 to 1848 in the wake of the 1845 U.S. annexation of Texas. Mexico claimed ownership of Texas as a breakaway province and refused to recognize the secession and subsequent military victory by Texas in 1836. In the U.S. the conflict is often referred to simply as the Mexican War and infrequently as the U.S.-Mexican War. The most important consequences of the war for the United States were the Mexican terms of surrender under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, in which the Mexican territories of Alta California and Santa Fe de Nuevo Mexico were ceded to the United States. In Mexico, the enormous loss of territory following the war encouraged its government to enact policies to colonize its remaining northern territories as a hedge against further losses. In addition the Rio Grande became the boundary between Texas and Mexico, and Mexico never again claimed ownership of Texas.

Abraham Lincoln - 16th President of USA

Mon, 14 Nov 2011 06:02:17 -0600

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 - April 15, 1865) was the 16th President of the United States from 1860. He successfully led the country through its greatest internal crisis, the American Civil War, preserving the Union and ending slavery. Lincoln was the first Republican president, having previously been a country lawyer, a member of the United States House of Representatives, and twice an unsuccessful candidate for election to the U.S. Senate. He was an outspoken opponent of the expansion of slavery in the United States. His tenure in office was occupied primarily with the defeat of the secessionist Confederate States of America in the American Civil War. He introduced measures that resulted in the abolition of slavery, issuing his Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 and promoting the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution. As the civil war was drawing to a close, Lincoln became the first American president to be assassinated.

Franklin D Roosevelt - 32nd President of USA

Fri, 04 Nov 2011 12:27:46 -0600

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882 - April 12, 1945), often referred to by his initials FDR, was the 32nd President of the United States. He was a central figure of the 20th century during a time of worldwide economic crisis and world war. Elected to four terms in office, he served from 1933 to 1945 and is the only U.S. president to have served more than two terms. During the Great Depression of the 1930s, Roosevelt created the New Deal to provide relief for the unemployed, recovery of the economy, and reform of the economic and banking systems, through various agencies, such as the Works Project Administration (WPA), National Recovery Administration (NRA), and the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA). Although recovery of the economy was incomplete until the outbreak of war, several programs he initiated, such as the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), continue to have instrumental roles in the nation's commerce. Some of his other legacies include the Social Security system and the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB). As Britain warred with the Axis nations, Roosevelt provided Lend-Lease aid to Winston Churchill and the British war effort before the United States' entry into World War II in December 1941. On the home front, he introduced price controls and rationing. After the attack on Pearl Harbor by forces of the Japanese Empire and after the declaration of war on the United States by Nazi Germany and by Fascist Italy, Roosevelt introduced internment of Japanese Americans, German Americans, and Italian Americans. Roosevelt led the United States as it became the 'Arsenal of Democracy'. Roosevelt, working closely with his aide Harry Hopkins, made the United States the principal arms supplier and financier of the Allies. The United States had a vast expansion of industry, the achievement of full employment, and new opportunities opened for African Americans and women. The new Conservative coalition, arguing disappearing unemployment, closed most relief programs like the Works Progress Administration (WPA) and Civilian Conservation Corps. As the Allies neared victory, Roosevelt played a critical role in shaping the post-war world, particularly through the Yalta Conference and the creation of the United Nations. Later, with the United States, the Allies defeated Germany, Italy, and Japan. Roosevelt's election to the presidency brought about a realignment political scientists call the Fifth Party System. His aggressive use of the federal government created a New Deal coalition which dominated the Democratic Party until the late 1960s. Roosevelt introduced new taxes that affected all income groups. Conservatives vehemently fought back, but Roosevelt usually prevailed until he tried to pack the Supreme Court in 1937. He and his wife, Eleanor Roosevelt, remain touchstones for modern American liberalism. Roosevelt's administration redefined American liberalism and realigned the Democratic Party based on his New Deal coalition of labor unions; farmers; ethnic, religious and racial minorities; intellectuals; the South; big city machines; and the poor and workers on relief. Roosevelt has been consistently ranked by scholars as one of the greatest U.S. Presidents. TO BE CONTINUED

Olaf Stapledon Science Fiction Writer

Fri, 04 Nov 2011 12:26:10 -0600

William Olaf Stapledon (May 10, 1886 - September 6, 1950) was a British philosopher and author of several influential works of science fiction. Stapledon in Seacombe, Wallasey, on the Wirral Peninsula near Liverpool, the only son of William Clibbert Stapledon and Emmeline Miller. The first six years of his life were spent with his parents at Port Said. He was educated at Abbotsholme School and Balliol College, Oxford, where he acquired a BA in Modern History in 1909 and a MA in 1913[citation needed]. After a brief stint as a teacher at Manchester Grammar School he worked in shipping offices in Liverpool and Port Said from 1910 to 1913. During World War I he served as a conscientious objector with the Friends' Ambulance Unit in France and Belgium from July 1915 to January 1919. On 16 July 1919 he married Agnes Zena Miller (1894-1984), an Australian cousin. They had first met in 1903, and later maintained a correspondence throughout the war. They had a daughter, Mary Sydney Stapledon (1920-), and a son, John David Stapledon (1923-). In 1920 they moved to West Kirby. Stapledon was awarded a PhD in philosophy from the University of Liverpool in 1925 and used his thesis as the basis for his first published prose book, A Modern Theory of Ethics (1929). However, he soon turned to fiction in the hope of presenting his ideas to a wider public. The relative success of Last and First Men (1930) prompted him to become a full-time writer. He wrote a sequel and followed it up with many more books of both fiction and philosophy. In 1940 the family built and moved into Simon's Field, in Caldy. After 1945 Stapledon travelled widely on lecture tours, visiting the Netherlands, Sweden and France, and in 1948 he spoke at the Congress of Intellectuals for Peace in Wroclaw, Poland. He attended the Conference for World Peace held in New York in 1949, the only Briton to be granted a visa to do so. In 1950 he became involved with the anti-apartheid movement. After a week of lectures in Paris, he cancelled a projected trip to Yugoslavia and returned to his home in Caldy, where he died very suddenly of a heart attack. Stapledon was cremated at Landican Crematorium, and then his widow and their children scattered his ashes on the sandy cliffs overlooking the Dee Estuary, a favourite spot of his that features in more than one of his books.

George H W Bush - President of USA

Fri, 04 Nov 2011 12:25:45 -0600

President of the United States from 1989 to 1993. He held a variety of political positions prior to his presidency, including Vice President of the United States in the administration of Ronald Reagan (1981-1989) and Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) under Gerald R. Ford. Bush was born in Massachusetts to Senator Prescott Bush and Dorothy Walker Bush. Following the attacks on Pearl Harbor in 1941, at the age of 18, Bush postponed going to college and became the youngest naval aviator in the US Navy at the time. He served until the end of the war, then attended Yale University. Graduating in 1948, he moved his family to West Texas and entered the oil business, becoming a millionaire by the age of 40. He became involved in politics soon after founding his own oil company, serving as a member of the House of Representatives, among other positions. He ran unsuccessfully for president of the United States in 1980, but was chosen by party nominee Ronald Reagan to be the vice presidential nominee, and the two were subsequently elected. During his tenure, Bush headed administration task forces on deregulation and fighting drug abuse. In 1988, Bush launched a successful campaign to succeed Reagan as president, defeating Democratic opponent Michael Dukakis. Foreign policy drove the Bush presidency, with operations being conducted in Panama and the Persian Gulf. The Berlin Wall fell in 1989 and the Soviet Union dissolved two years later. Domestically, Bush reneged on a 1988 campaign promise and, after a struggle with Congress, signed an increase in taxes. In the wake of economic concerns, he lost the 1992 presidential election to Democrat Bill Clinton. Bush is the father of George W. Bush, the 43rd President of the United States, and Jeb Bush, former Governor of Florida. He was the last World War II veteran to serve as U.S. president. TO BE CONTINUED

Franklin D Roosevelt - 32nd USA President

Fri, 04 Nov 2011 12:24:59 -0600

Your Modern Wardrobe

Tue, 25 Oct 2011 09:55:20 -0600

You can refresh your wardrobe and keep it fresh and modern with a few changes. Perhaps you cannot afford to buy a new out-fit right now, but you can easily up-date your current one by spending just a few dollars. During these times, your friend is a haberdashery shop, where you can buy fashionable buttons and trims. With the minimum of effort, you can get the new look you need. You need to have fashion in a recession, as it helps to cheer you up and to feel more positive. I have included a few ideas in this lens to get your creative juices going!

The Secret for Riches

Tue, 25 Oct 2011 09:51:00 -0600

The Secret has gained attention in recent years', but the principles are ancient. People talk about the Laws of Attraction, but that is only one of the universal principles In 1910, a little book called "The Science of Getting Rich" was written. This book encompasses the secret and the laws of attraction and shows you how to put them into practice to achieve the life you want. Much of the language seems archaic now, and so I have redrafted it into a more modern and concise version. If you put it into practice, it will change your life for the better.

Andrew Johnson - 17th President of USA

Tue, 25 Oct 2011 09:47:32 -0600

Andrew Johnson (December 29, 1808 - July 31, 1875) was the 17th President of the United States (1865-69), succeeding to the Presidency upon the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. He was the first U.S. President to be impeached. At the time of the secession of the Southern states, Johnson was a U.S. Senator from Greeneville in eastern Tennessee. As a Unionist, he was the only southern Senator not to quit his post upon secession. He became the most prominent War Democrat from the South and supported the military policies of US President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War of 1861-1865. In 1862 Lincoln appointed Johnson military governor of occupied Tennessee, where he proved to be energetic and effective in fighting the rebellion and beginning transition to Reconstruction. As president he took charge of Presidential Reconstruction - the first phase of Reconstruction - which lasted until the Radical Republicans gained control of Congress in the 1866 elections. His conciliatory policies towards the South, his hurry to reincorporate the former Confederates back into the union, and his vetoes of civil rights bills embroiled him in a bitter dispute with some Republicans. The Radicals in the House of Representatives impeached him in 1868 while charging him with violating the Tenure of Office Act, a law enacted by Congress in March 1867 over Johnson's veto, but he was acquitted by a single vote in the Senate.

See Rome and Die

Sun, 29 May 2011 10:13:35 -0600

Rome (Roma) is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populous city, with over 2.7 million residents in a municipality of some 1,285.3 km2 (496.3 sq mi). Whilst the population of the urban area is estimated by Eurostat to be 3.46 million, the metropolitan area of Rome is estimated by OECD to have a population of 3.7 million. It is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber river. Rome's history as a city spans over two and a half thousand years, as one of the founding cities of Western Civilisation. It was the centre of the Roman Empire, which dominated Europe, North Africa and the Middle East for four hundred years from the 1st Century BC till the 4th Century AD. Rome has a significant place in Christianity and is the present day home of the Roman Catholic Church and the site of the Vatican City, an independent city-state run by the Catholic Church as an enclave of Rome. As one of the few major European cities that escaped World War II relatively unscathed, central Rome remains essentially Renaissance and Baroque in character. Rome is the third-most-visited tourist destination in the European Union, and its historic centre is listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. As a modern city it has been capital of the unified Italy since 1870, and grew mainly in two periods either side of World War II.

Anne Boleyn Wife of Henry VIII

Sun, 29 May 2011 10:10:49 -0600

Anne Boleyn (1501/1507-19 May 1536) was Queen of England as the second wife of King Henry VIII. She was also Marquess of Pembroke in her own right. Anne was a key figure in the political and religious upheaval that was the start of the English Reformation. Anne was the daughter of Sir Thomas Boleyn and his wife, Lady Elizabeth Howard. She was educated in Europe, largely as a lady-in-waiting to Queen Claude of France. She returned to England in 1522. In 1525, Henry VIII became enamoured of Anne and began his pursuit of her. Anne refused to become his mistress, as her sister, Mary Boleyn, had done. It soon became the one absorbing object of the King's desires to secure an annulment from his wife, Catherine of Aragon, so he could marry Anne. When it became clear that Pope Clement VII was unlikely to give Henry an annulment, the breaking of the power of the Roman Catholic Church in England began.

The Gettysburg Address

Sun, 29 May 2011 10:06:09 -0600

The Gettysburg Address was a speech made by Abraham Lincoln, and remains one of the most quoted speeches in United States history. It was delivered at the dedication of the Soldiers' National Cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, on the afternoon of Thursday, November 19, 1863, during the American Civil War, four and a half months after the Union armies defeated those of the Confederacy at the decisive Battle of Gettysburg. Abraham Lincoln's carefully crafted address, secondary to other presentations that day, came to be regarded as one of the greatest speeches in American history. In just over two minutes, Lincoln invoked the principles of human equality espoused by the Declaration of Independence and redefined the Civil War as a struggle not merely for the Union, but as "a new birth of freedom" that would bring true equality to all of its citizens, and that would also create a unified nation in which states' rights were no longer dominant. Beginning with the now-iconic phrase "Four score and seven years ago...", Lincoln referred to the events of the Civil War and described the ceremony at Gettysburg as an opportunity not only to consecrate the grounds of a cemetery, but also to dedicate the living to the struggle to ensure that "government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth." Despite the speech's prominent place in the history and popular culture of the United States, the exact wording of the speech is disputed. The five known manuscripts of the Gettysburg Address differ in a number of details and also differ from contemporary newspaper reprints of the

Presidency of Jimmy Carter

Sun, 29 May 2011 09:56:25 -0600

James Earl "Jimmy" Carter, Jr. (born October 1, 1924), was the 39th President of the United States from 1977 to 1981 and was the recipient of the 2002 Nobel Peace Prize. As president, Carter created two new cabinet-level departments: the Department of Energy and the Department of Education. He established a national energy policy that included conservation, price control, and new technology. Carter sought to put a stronger emphasis on human rights: he negotiated a peace treaty between Israel and Egypt in 1979. His return of the Panama Canal Zone to Panama was seen as a major concession of US influence in Latin America, and Carter came under heavy criticism for it. The final year of his presidential tenure was marked by several major crises, including the 1979 takeover of the American embassy in Iran and holding of hostages by Iranian students, an unsuccessful rescue attempt of the hostages, serious fuel shortages, and the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. By 1980, Carter's disapproval ratings were significantly higher than his approval, and he was challenged by Ted Kennedy for the Democratic Party nomination in the 1980 election. Carter defeated Kennedy for the nomination, but lost the election to Republican Ronald Reagan. After leaving office, Carter and his wife Rosalynn founded The Carter Center, a nongovernmental, not-for-profit organization that works to advance human rights. He has traveLled extensively to conduct peace negotiations, observe elections, and advance disease prevention and eradication in developing nations. Carter is a key figure in the Habitat for Humanity project, and also remains particularly vocal on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

King Henry VIII - A Summary of his Wives

Sun, 29 May 2011 09:56:08 -0600

Henry VIII (28 June 1491 - 28 January 1547) was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death in 1547. He was also Lord of Ireland (later King of Ireland) and claimant to the Kingdom of France. Henry was the second monarch of the House of Tudor, succeeding his father, Henry VII. Henry VIII was a significant figure in the history of the English monarchy. Although in the great part of his reign he brutally suppressed the influence of the Protestant Reformation in England, a movement having some roots with John Wycliffe in the 14th century, he is more popularly known for his political struggles with Rome. These struggles ultimately led to the separation of the Church of England from papal authority, the Dissolution of the Monasteries, and establishing himself as the Supreme Head of the Church of England.

Laws of Attraction to Attract Wealth

Sun, 29 May 2011 10:05:45 -0600

The Law of Attraction states, ‘like attracts like.’ Whatever you focus your thoughts upon will be drawn into your experience. Thoughts are magnetic and so attract to them more thoughts that are similar to them. Emotions and feelings are powerful amplifiers to thought. It is an energy phenomenon. It does not matter whether you desire the thing you are focusing upon. That which you are thinking and feeling will be drawn into your experience regardless. That is why the rich get richer and the poor get poorer. It is why the better it gets, the better it gets, and the worse it gets, the worse it gets. That is why fighting something you don’t want will always draw it into your experience. Think of yourself as a large magnet that draws to itself that which it is focused upon, and you will have the concept The Secret and the Laws of Attraction in essence is that we all contain the divine spark. Our creator created us in his own image, and we have that creative spark within us. Our creator used thoughts to create the universe and this world. He is a vibrational energy which caused the physical plane to come into existence by use of this thoughts, which are a form of that energy. We also have this facility to create events and objects on the physical plane by use of our thoughts. However, we can only create on this level if our thoughts are focused on what we want. When we worry or think negatively, we throw up negative images, and so our unconscious mind thinks that is what we are trying to create. The Law of Attraction states that we attract that upon which we focus. No wonder that we attract into our lives that which we most dwell upon! So we must guard our thoughts so that we focus on what we want in our lives, so that we become the creative force that we were born to be. If we harness our powers, we can become co-creators of our lives.

Herbert Hoover - 31st President of USA

Sat, 23 Oct 2010 11:42:24 -0600

Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 - October 20, 1964) was the 31st President of the United States (1929-1933). Besides his political career, Hoover was a professional mining engineer and author. As the United States Secretary of Commerce in the 1920s under Presidents Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge, he promoted government intervention under the rubric "economic modernization". In the presidential election of 1928, Hoover easily won the Republican nomination, despite having no previous elected office experience. To date, Hoover is the last cabinet secretary to be directly elected President of the United States. The nation was prosperous and optimistic at the time, leading to a landslide victory for Hoover over Democrat Al Smith. Hoover deeply believed in the Efficiency Movement (a major component of the Progressive Era), arguing that a technical solution existed for every social and economic problem. That position was challenged by the Wall Street Crash of 1929 that took place less than eight months after his taking office, and the Great Depression that followed it which gained momentum in 1930. Hoover tried to combat the Great Depression with volunteer efforts and government action, none of which produced economic recovery during his term. The consensus among historians is that Hoover's defeat in the 1932 election was caused primarily by failure to end the downward economic spiral, compounded by popular opposition to prohibition. Other electoral liabilities were Hoover's lack of charisma in relating to voters, and his poor skills in working with politicians. As a result of these factors, Hoover is typically ranked very poorly among former U.S. presidents.

Ulysses S Grant - 18th President of USA

Sat, 23 Oct 2010 11:26:24 -0600

Ulysses S. Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant) (April 27, 1822 - July 23, 1885) was the 18th President of the United States of America from 1869 to 1877. The son of an Appalachian Ohio tanner, Grant entered the United States Military Academy at age 17. In 1846, three years after graduating, Grant served as a lieutenant in the Mexican-American War under Winfield Scott and future president Zachary Taylor. After the Mexican-American War concluded in 1848, Grant remained in the army, but abruptly resigned in 1854. Struggling through the coming years as a real estate agent, a laborer, and a county engineer, Grant decided to join the Northern effort in the Civil War. Popular due to the Union victory in the Civil War, Grant was elected President of the United States as a Republican in 1868 and was re-elected in 1872, the first President to serve for two full terms since Andrew Jackson forty years before. As President, Grant led Reconstruction and built a powerful patronage-based Republican Party in the South, straining relations between the North and former Confederates. His administration was marred by scandal, sometimes the product of nepotism, and the neologism Grantism was coined to describe political corruption. Grant left office in 1877 and embarked upon a two-year world tour. Unsuccessful in winning the nomination for a third term in 1880, left destitute by bad investments, and near the brink of death, Grant wrote his Memoirs, which were enormously successful among veterans, the public, and the critics. However, in 1884, Grant learned that he was suffering from terminal throat cancer and two days after completing his writing, Grant died at the age of 63. Presidential historians typically rank Grant in the lowest quartile of U.S. presidents for his tolerance of corruption, but in recent years his reputation has improved among some scholars impressed by his support for civil rights for African Americans

William Henry Harrison - 9th President of USA

Sat, 23 Oct 2010 11:19:19 -0600

William Henry Harrison (February 9, 1773 - April 4, 1841) was the 9th President of the United States, and the first president to die in office. The oldest president elected (until Ronald Reagan in 1980), and last President to be born prior to the United States Declaration of Independence, Harrison died on his 32nd day in office-the shortest tenure in United States presidential history. His death sparked a brief constitutional crisis, but that crisis ultimately resolved many questions about presidential succession.

Paolo Nutini the Singer

Fri, 22 Oct 2010 09:02:05 -0600

Paolo is a young man with a great, melodious voice. He was born in Paisley in Scotland, with a Scottish mother and an Italian father. His father runs a fish and chip shop in Paisley. Paolo Nutini says he was expecting to follow his father into the family fish and chip shop business. He was first encouraged to sing by his music-loving grandfather. He was taught singing by Avril McCusker for three and half years. There was a teacher at his school, St Andrews Academy, who recognised his talent. He left school to work as a roadie and to sell t-shirts for Speedway. He spent three years learning the music business, performing live, alone and with Dome and Dick from the Dongues. He mentions Dome and Dick as great influences on his later career, especially Dick's singing. He later worked as a studio hand at Glasgow's Park Lane Studio.

Andrew Johnson - 17th President of the USA

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 11:11:16 -0600

Franklin Pierce - 14th President of USA

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 11:00:00 -0600

Franklin Pierce (November 23, 1804 - October 8, 1869) was the 14th President of the United States, serving from 1853 to 1857, a politician and lawyer.Pierce was a Democrat and a "doughface" (a Northerner with Southern sympathies) who served in the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate. Later, Franklin Pierce took part in the Mexican-American War and became a brigadier general. His private law practice in his home state, New Hampshire, was so successful that he was offered several important positions, which he turned down. Later, he was nominated for president as a dark horse candidate on the 49th ballot at the 1852 Democratic National Convention. In the presidential election, Pierce and his running mate William R. King won by a landslide in the Electoral College, defeating the Whig Party ticket of Winfield Scott and William A. Graham by a 50% to 44% margin in the popular vote and 254 to 42 in the electoral vote. According to historian David Potter, Pierce was sometimes referred to as "Baby" Pierce, apparently in reference to both his youthful appearance and his being the youngest president to take office to that point (although he was only a year younger than James K. Polk when he took office). His inoffensive personality caused him to make many friends, but he suffered tragedy in his personal life and as president subsequently made decisions which were widely criticized and divisive in their effects, thus giving him the reputation as one of the worst presidents in U.S. history. Pierce's popularity in the North declined sharply after he came out in favor of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, repealing the Missouri Compromise and reopening the question of the expansion of slavery in the West. Pierce's credibility was further damaged when several of his diplomats issued the Ostend Manifesto. Historian David Potter concludes that the Ostend Manifesto and the Kansas-Nebraska Act were "the two great calamities of the Franklin Pierce administration.... Both brought down an avalanche of public criticism." Abandoned by his party, Pierce was not re-nominated to run in the 1856 presidential election and was replaced by James Buchanan as the Democratic candidate. After losing the Democratic nomination, Pierce continued his lifelong struggle with alcoholism as his marriage to Jane Means Appleton Pierce fell apart. His reputation was destroyed during the American Civil War when he declared support for the Confederacy, and personal correspondence between Pierce and Confederate President Jefferson Davis was leaked to the press. He died in 1869 from cirrhosis. Philip B. Kunhardt and Peter W. Kunhardt reflected the views of many historians when they wrote in The American President that Pierce was "a good man who didn't understand his own shortcomings. He was genuinely religious, loved his wife and reshaped himself so that he could adapt to her ways and show her true affection. He was one of the most popular men in New Hampshire, polite and thoughtful, easy and good at the political game, charming and fine and handsome. However, he has been criticized as timid and unable to cope with a changing America."

Thomas Jefferson - 3rd President USA

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 10:50:11 -0600

Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743 - July 4, 1826) was the 3rd President of the United States (1801-1809), the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776), and one of the most influential Founding Fathers for his promotion of the ideals of republicanism in the United States. Major events during his presidency include the Louisiana Purchase (1803) and the Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-1806).

Poltergeists - What are they?

Thu, 14 Oct 2010 10:23:19 -0600

The word Poltergeist comes from the German poltern, meaning to rumble or make noise, and Geist, meaning "ghost" or "spirit". It refers to recurrent spontaneous psychokinesis (RSPK) which denotes an ostensibly paranormal phenomenon attributed to an invisible spirit or ghost that manifests itself by moving and influencing objects, generally in a particular location such as a house or room or place within a house. Poltergeists have been reported in many cultures, including India (where they are known as a Mumai), the United States, United Kingdom, Japan and Brazil. Poltergeists, like ghosts in general, are generally considered to be pseudoscience, and there is no credible scientific evidence for their existence

The USA Presidents

Mon, 18 Oct 2010 09:03:50 -0600

President Obama is the 44th President of the United States of America. When this was stated at his inaugoration, it made me wonder about the previous 43 The President of the United States is the head of state and the head of government of the United States. As chief of the executive branch and head of the federal government as a whole, the presidency is the highest political office in the United States by influence and recognition. The President is also the Commander-in-Chief of the U.S. armed forces. The president is indirectly elected to a four-year term by an Electoral College (or by the House of Representatives should the Electoral College fail to award an absolute majority of votes to any person). Since the ratification of the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1951, no person may be elected to the office of the president more than twice Upon death, resignation, or removal from office of an incumbent President, the Vice President assumes the office. This list includes only those persons who were sworn into office as president following the ratification of the United States Constitution, which took effect in 1789. For American leaders before this ratification, see President of the Continental Congress. The list does not include any Acting Presidents under the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution. There have been forty-three people sworn into office, and forty-four presidencies, due to the fact that Grover Cleveland served two non-consecutive terms and is counted chronologically as both the twenty-second and the twenty-fourth president. Of the individuals elected as president, four died in office of natural causes, one resigned, and four were assassinated. The first president was George Washington, who was inaugurated in 1789 after a unanimous Electoral College vote. William Henry Harrison spent the shortest time in office at 32 days. At over twelve years, Franklin D. Roosevelt spent the longest time in office, and is the only president to serve more than two terms. The current president is Barack Obama, who became president on January 20, 2009.

United States Declaration of Independence

Sun, 18 Oct 2009 11:58:47 -0600

The United States Declaration of Independence is a statement adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, which announced that the thirteen American colonies then at war with Great Britain were now independent states, and thus no longer a part of the British Empire. Written primarily by Thomas Jefferson, the Declaration is a formal explanation of why Congress had voted on July 2 to declare independence from Great Britain, more than a year after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War. The birthday of the United States of America-Independence Day-is celebrated on July 4, the day the wording of the Declaration was approved by Congress. After finalizing the text on July 4, Congress issued the Declaration of Independence in several forms. It was initially published as a printed broadside that was widely distributed and read to the public. The most famous version of the Declaration, a signed copy that is usually regarded as the Declaration of Independence, is on display at the National Archives in Washington, D.C. Although the document was approved on July 4, the date of its actual signing is disputed by historians, most accepting a theory that it was signed nearly a month after its adoption, on August 2, 1776, and not on July 4 as commonly believed. The sources and interpretation of the Declaration have been the subject of much scholarly inquiry. The Declaration justified the independence of the United States by listing colonial grievances against King George III, and by asserting certain natural rights, including a right of revolution. Having served its original purpose in announcing independence, the text of the Declaration was initially ignored after the American Revolution. Its stature grew over the years, particularly the second sentence, a sweeping statement of human rights: We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. This sentence has been called "one of the best-known sentences in the English language" and "the most potent and consequential words in American history". The passage has often been used to promote the rights of marginalized groups, and came to represent for many people a moral standard for which the United States should strive. This view was greatly influenced by Abraham Lincoln, who considered the Declaration to be the foundation of his political philosophy, and promoted the idea that the Declaration is a statement of principles through which the United States Constitution should be interpreted.

Britney Spears Circus

Sun, 28 Aug 2011 11:11:39 -0600

Birth Place: Kentwood, Louisiana, USA Date of Birth: December 2, 1981 Debut hit single "Baby One More Time" (1999) Her new Circus Album was launched on December 2nd. Britney Spears has started her tour to promote the "Circus" Album. Here are some photographs, straight from the tour.

James Madison Father of the Constitution

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:50:01 -0600

James Madison arrived in Philadelphia on May 3, 1787, eager to get to work on the new American Constitution. Over the past several months, he had boned up on the history and political philosophy of republican governments, paying particular attention to the writings of the French thinker Montesquieu. By the time the Constitutional Convention opened on May 25, he had a very clear picture of how he believed the government should be constituted. He expressed his view to George Washington in a letter to the general the month before, proposing a "radical" plan for a great federal republic, and referring to what he called the "supremacy of the national authority." Never before in history had there existed a republic of such a great size: even Montesquieu, Madison's guide in so many questions, doubted whether any sort of government besides a monarchy could rule over such a vast geographical territory. Madison was convinced otherwise.

The Science of Getting Rich - Modern and Concise!

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:49:10 -0600

This information is freely given. I am drafting this lens because everyone needs this information. The information comes from the book called "The Science of Getting Rich" which was written by Wallace D Wattles in 1910. However, the information is just as relevant today. You can get the ebook for free, but you may find some fo the language a bit archaic and off-putting. So I am drafting a summary of each chapter, and placing them here as I complete them.

William McKinley - 25th President of USA

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:45:46 -0600

William McKinley(January 29, 1843 - September 14, 1901) was the 25th President of the United States, and the last veteran of the American Civil War to be elected. By the 1880s, McKinley was a national Republican leader, with his signature issue being high tariffs on imports as a formula for prosperity, as typified by his McKinley Tariff of 1890. As the Republican candidate in the 1896 presidential election, he upheld the gold standard, and promoted pluralism among ethnic groups. His campaign, designed by Mark Hanna, introduced new advertising-style campaign techniques that revolutionized campaign practices and beat back the crusading of his arch-rival, William Jennings Bryan. The 1896 election is often considered a realigning election that marked the beginning of the Progressive Era. McKinley presided over a return to prosperity after the Panic of 1893 and was re-elected in 1900 after another intense campaign against Bryan, this one focused on foreign policy. As president, he fought the Spanish-American War. Later he annexed the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam, as well as Hawaii, and set up a protectorate over Cuba. He was assassinated by Leon Czolgosz an American anarchist of Polish descent.

James A Garfield - 20th President of USA

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:38:35 -0600

The Secret for FREE

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:37:36 -0600

The Secret has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. "Experts" tell you how you can use the Laws of Attraction to bring abundance into your life. Nothing wrong with that! However, have you stopped to consider how much money they are making by selling this information? I am not being critical. However, I am aware that these principles are ancient, as they have been known and used for many centuries. Furthermore, they are not intended for sale. They should be FREE to all. When one individual knows these principles and puts them into action, their life is changed for the better. When more individuals and groups start to know and apply them the world changes for the better. So we all benefit by sharing these principles freely. This is my effort!

Jimmy Carter - 39th President of USA

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:37:07 -0600

Jimmy Carter (born October 1, 1924), was the 39th President of the United States from 1977 to 1981 and was the recipient of the 2002 Nobel Peace Prize. Prior to becoming president, Carter served two terms in the Georgia Senate followed by the governorship of the State of Georgia, from 1971 to 1975. As president, Carter created two new cabinet-level departments: the Department of Energy and the Department of Education. He established a national energy policy that included conservation, price control, and new technology. In foreign affairs, Carter pursued the Camp David Accords, the Panama Canal Treaties and the second round of Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT II). Carter sought to put a stronger emphasis on human rights: he negotiated a peace treaty between Israel and Egypt in 1979. His return of the Panama Canal Zone to Panama was seen as a major concession of US influence in Latin America, and Carter came under heavy criticism for it. The final year of his presidential tenure was marked by several major crises, including the 1979 takeover of the American embassy in Iran and holding of hostages by Iranian students, an unsuccessful rescue attempt of the hostages, serious fuel shortages, and the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. By 1980, Carter's disapproval ratings were significantly higher than his approval, and he was challenged by Ted Kennedy for the Democratic Party nomination in the 1980 election. Carter defeated Kennedy for the nomination, but lost the election to Republican Ronald Reagan. After leaving office, Carter and his wife Rosalynn founded The Carter Center, a nongovernmental, not-for-profit organization that works to advance human rights. He has traveLled extensively to conduct peace negotiations, observe elections, and advance disease prevention and eradication in developing nations. Carter is a key figure in the Habitat for Humanity project, and also remains particularly vocal on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

Ulysses S Grant President of USA

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:36:34 -0600

Ulysses S. Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant) (April 27, 1822 – July 23, 1885) was the eighteenth president of the United States of America from 1869 to 1877. The son of an Appalachian Ohio tanner, Grant entered the United States Military Academy at age 17. In 1846, three years after graduating, Grant served as a lieutenant in the Mexican–American War under Winfield Scott and future president Zachary Taylor. After the Mexican-American War concluded in 1848, Grant remained in the army, but abruptly resigned in 1854. Struggling through the coming years as a real estate agent, a laborer, and a county engineer, Grant decided to join the Northern effort in the Civil War. Popular due to the Union victory in the Civil War, Grant was elected President of the United States as a Republican in 1868 and was re-elected in 1872, the first President to serve for two full terms since Andrew Jackson forty years before. As President, Grant led Reconstruction and built a powerful patronage-based Republican Party in the South, straining relations between the North and former Confederates. His administration was marred by scandal, sometimes the product of nepotism, and the neologism Grantism was coined to describe political corruption. Grant left office in 1877 and embarked upon a two-year world tour. Unsuccessful in winning the nomination for a third term in 1880, left destitute by bad investments, and near the brink of death, Grant wrote his Memoirs, which were enormously successful among veterans, the public, and the critics. However, in 1884, Grant learned that he was suffering from terminal throat cancer and two days after completing his writing, Grant died at the age of 63. Presidential historians typically rank Grant in the lowest quartile of U.S. presidents for his tolerance of corruption, but in recent years his reputation has improved among some scholars impressed by his support for civil rights for African Americans

Lyndon B Johnson - 36th President of USA

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:35:31 -0600

Lyndon Baines Johnson (August 27, 1908 - January 22, 1973) served as the 36th President of the United States from 1963 to 1969 after his service as the Vice President of the United States from 1961 to 1963. Johnson, a Democrat, succeeded to the presidency following the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, completed Kennedy's term and was elected President in his own right, winning by a large margin in the 1964 Presidential election. Johnson was responsible for designing the "Great Society" legislation that included laws that upheld civil rights, Medicare , Medicaid, aid to education, and his attempt to help the poor in his "War on Poverty." Simultaneously, he greatly escalated direct American involvement in the Vietnam War. Johnson served as a United States Representative from Texas, from 1937-1949 and as United States Senator from 1949-1961, including six years as United States Senate Majority Leader, two as Senate Minority Leader and two as Senate Majority Whip. After campaigning unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination in 1960, Johnson was selected by John F. Kennedy to be his running-mate for the 1960 presidential election. Johnson's popularity as President steadily declined after the 1966 Congressional elections, and his re-election bid in the 1968 United States presidential election collapsed as a result of turmoil within the Democratic party related to opposition to the Vietnam War. He withdrew from the race to concentrate on peacemaking. Johnson was renowned for his domineering personality and the "Johnson treatment" , which was a reference to his arm-twisting of powerful politicians. He was a legendary "hands-on" manager and the very last President to serve out his term without ever hiring a White House Chief of Staff or "gatekeeper" (a position invented by Kennedy's predecessor, Dwight Eisenhower). Johnson died after suffering his third heart attack, on January 22, 1973, when he was 64 years old. TO BE CONTINUED

Woodrow Wilson - 28th President of the USA

Sat, 23 Oct 2010 11:44:33 -0600

Thomas Woodrow Wilson Ph.D. (December 28, 1856-February 3, 1924) was the 28th President of the United States. A leading intellectual of the Progressive Era, he served as President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910, and then as the Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913. Wilson was elected President as a Democrat in 1912. To date he is the only President to hold a doctorate (Ph.D.) degree Narrowly re-elected in 1916, Wilson had a second term centered on World War I. He promised to maintain U.S. neutrality, but when the German Empire began unrestricted submarine warfare, he wrote several admonishing notes to Germany, and in April 1917 asked Congress to declare war on the Central Powers. He focused on diplomacy and financial considerations, leaving the waging of the war primarily in the hands of the military establishment. On the home front, he began the first effective draft in 1917, raised billions in war funding through Liberty Bonds, imposed an income tax, enacted the first federal drug prohibition, set up the War Industries Board, promoted labor union growth, supervised agriculture and food production through the Lever Act, took over control of the railroads, and suppressed anti-war movements. National women's suffrage was achieved under Wilson's presidency, but this egalitarian success was offset by the Wilson administration's segregation of the federal government. In the late stages of the war, Wilson took personal control of negotiations with Germany, including the armistice. He issued his Fourteen Points, his view of a post-war world that could avoid another terrible conflict. He went to Paris in 1919 to create the League of Nations and shape the Treaty of Versailles, with special attention on creating new nations out of defunct empires. Largely for his efforts to form the League, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1919. Wilson collapsed with a debilitating stroke in 1919, as the home front saw massive strikes and race riots, and wartime prosperity turn into post-war depression. He refused to compromise with the Republicans who controlled Congress after 1918, effectively destroying any chance for ratification of the Versailles Treaty. The League of Nations was established anyway, but the United States never joined. Wilson's idealistic internationalism, calling for the United States to enter the world arena to fight for democracy, progressiveness, and liberalism.

Harrison family of Virginia

Sat, 23 Oct 2010 11:38:26 -0600

The Harrison family of Virginia is a prominent political family in U.S. history. Most famously, the Harrison family produced numerous Governors of Virginia (serving during both the Colonial era and after independence), as well as two U.S. Presidents: William Henry Harrison and Benjamin Harrison The Harrison family of Virginia has a longer recorded heritage in politics. Their earliest notable ancestor is the thirteenth century Baron Robert II de Holland, also an ancestor to James Madison, Thomas Jefferson, George Washington, Ulysses S. Grant, and Winston Churchill.

Kansas Nebraska Act

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 10:46:22 -0600

In United States history, the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, opened new lands, repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820, and allowed settlers in those territories to determine if they would allow slavery within their boundaries. The initial purpose of the Kansas-Nebraska Act was to create opportunities for a Mid-eastern Transcontinental Railroad. It was not problematic until popular sovereignty was written into the proposal. The act was designed by Democratic Senator Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois. The act established that settlers could vote to decide whether to allow slavery, in the name of popular sovereignty or rule of the people. Douglas hoped it would ease relations between the North and the South, because the South could expand slavery to new territories but the North still had the right to abolish slavery in their states. Instead, opponents denounced the law as a concession to the slave power of the South. The new Republican Party, which was created in opposition to the act, aimed to stop the expansion of slavery, and soon emerged as the dominant force throughout the North.

The Missouri Compromise

Tue, 14 Jun 2011 12:49:43 -0600

The Missouri Compromise was an agreement passed in 1820 between the pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States Congress, involving primarily the regulation of slavery in the western territories. It prohibited slavery in the former Louisiana Territory north of the parallel 36°30' north except within the boundaries of the proposed state of Missouri. Prior to the agreement, the House of Representatives had refused to accept this compromise and a conference committee was appointed. The United States Senate refused to concur in the amendment, and the whole measure was lost. During the following session (1819-1820), the House passed a similar bill with an amendment, introduced on January 26, 1820 by John W. Taylor of New York, allowing Missouri into the union as a slave state. The question had been complicated by the admission in December of Alabama, a slave state, making the number of slave and free states equal. In addition, there was a bill in passage through the House (January 3, 1820) to admit Maine as a free state. The Senate decided to connect the two measures. It passed a bill for the admission of Maine with an amendment enabling the people of Missouri to form a state constitution. Before the bill was returned to the House, a second amendment was adopted on the motion of Jesse B. Thomas of Illinois, excluding slavery from the Missouri Territory north of the parallel 36°30' north (the southern boundary of Missouri), except within the limits of the proposed state of Missouri.

The Science of Getting Rich

Tue, 14 Jun 2011 12:45:24 -0600

The Secret is not new. The principles have been understood for 100's of years. There is a very useful little book, which was written in 1910, which gives you the principles of The Secret. It is called "The Science of Getting Rich" So it predates all the recent books and DVDs on The Secret. This is a very simple, but powerful book. I have redrafted it in a very concise format for easy use, and have up-dated some of the language. If you read this, and put it into action, you will become rich. You cannot fail!

The Battle of Tippecanoe

Sun, 29 May 2011 09:56:57 -0600

The Battle of Tippecanoe was fought on November 7, 1811, between United States forces led by Governor William Henry Harrison of the Indiana Territory and forces of Tecumseh's growing American Indian confederation led by his brother, Tenskwatawa. In response to rising tensions with the tribes and threats of war, an American force of militia and regulars set out to launch a preemptive strike on the headquarters of the confederacy. The battle took place outside Prophetstown, at the confluence of the Tippecanoe and Wabash Rivers. Although the Americans were victorious both tactically (as they held their ground and Prophetstown was destroyed the next morning) and strategically (Tecumseh's confederacy never recovered), the win was costly as the tribes attacked with fewer men and sustained fewer casualties. The battle was the culmination of rising tensions in a period sometimes called Tecumseh's War, which continued until Tecumseh's death in 1813. In addition to serving as an important political and symbolic victory for the American forces, Tippecanoe dealt a devastating blow to Tecumseh's confederacy, which never regained its former strength. Public opinion in the United States blamed the Native American uprising on British interference and helped catalyze the War of 1812, which broke out only six months later

Profit FM Blog Building for Income

Mon, 16 Jan 2012 10:32:02 -0600

Profit FM has no hype. You get really good value for money. Profit FM stands for Profit Focused Marketing It is not just a course that gives you the info you need. It comprises a set of over 130 videos, but it is much more than that. It gives you all the information and tools you need to establish yourself as a fully skilled internet entrepreneur. It provides you with templates, and everything you need, so to is suitable for beginners as well as advanced bloggers It includes a set of powerful plugins that help your blogs to be a success, and to enable you to establish your profile across the internet. SIGN UP FOR YOUR FREE PLUGIN BY CLICKING HERE

The Compromise of 1850

Sun, 18 Oct 2009 11:57:10 -0600

The Compromise of 1850 was a series of bills aimed at resolving the territorial and slavery controversies arising from the Mexican-American War (1846-1848). There were five laws which balanced the interests of the slave states of the South and the free states to the north. The first three laws of the Compromise of 1850 were enacted on September 9, 1850. The first of these concerned the State of Texas and organization of the Territory of New Mexico; the second concerned organization of the Territory of Utah; the third concerned admission of California to the Union. The fourth law, enacted September 18, 1850, was the notorious Fugitive Slave Law. The fifth law, enacted September 20, 1850, banned the slave trade from the District of Columbia. The measures, a compromise designed by Whig Senator Henry Clay (KY), who failed to get them through himself, were shepherded to passage by Democratic Senator Stephen Douglas (IL) and Whig Senator Daniel Webster (MA). The measures were opposed by Senator and former Vice-President John C. Calhoun (D-SC). The Compromise was possible after the death of President Zachary Taylor, who was in opposition. Succeeding him was a strong supporter of the compromise: Millard Fillmore. It temporarily defused sectional tensions in the United States, postponing the secession crisis and the American Civil War. The Compromise dropped the Wilmot Proviso, which never became law but would have banned slavery in territory acquired from Mexico. Instead the Compromise further endorsed the doctrine of "Popular Sovereignty" for the Territory of New Mexico and the Territory of Utah. The various compromises lessened political contention for four years, until the relative lull was shattered by the divisive Kansas-Nebraska Act.

TARP Up-dates

Wed, 09 Nov 2011 10:36:56 -0600

What is TARP? It is an acronym for Troubled Assets Relief Program Getting the financial rescue through Congress may have been the easy part. Getting it to work may prove the tougher task. After two weeks of anguishing debate, Congress passed and President Bush signed the enormous plan to save the financial industry and prop up the economy in hopes of avoiding an unthinkable free fall with Election Day just a month away.

Medicare Social Insurance

Wed, 09 Nov 2011 10:36:33 -0600

Medicare is a social insurance program administered by the United States government, providing health insurance coverage to people who are aged 65 and over, or who meet other special criteria. Medicare operates as a single-payer health care system. The Social Security Act of 1965 was passed by Congress in late-spring of 1965 and signed into law on July 30, 1965, by President Lyndon B. Johnson as amendments to Social Security legislation. At the bill-signing ceremony President Johnson enrolled former President Harry S. Truman as the first Medicare beneficiary and presented him with the first Medicare card.

Buttons to Create Designer Out-fits

Fri, 04 Nov 2011 12:31:30 -0600

People become really quite remarkable when they start thinking that they can do things. When they believe in themselves they have the first secret of success. Norman Vincent Peale To put the world right in order, we must first put the nation in order; to put the nation in order, we must first put the family in order; to put the family in order, we must first cultivate our personal life; we must first set our hearts right. Confucius I think we consider too much the good luck of the early bird and not enough the bad luck of the early worm. Theodore Roosevelt We must overcome the notion that we must be regular... it robs you of the chance to be extraordinary and leads you to the mediocre. Uta Hagen

Hand Exercises to Combat Arthrisis

Fri, 04 Nov 2011 12:31:08 -0600

Have you noticed your hands? Hands are formed of many bones and joints, and over the years' it is possible for them to get stiff and arthritic. So it is necessary to exercise your hands as you would exercise any other part of your body.

What sort of Shoes do I Need this Season?

Fri, 04 Nov 2011 12:30:43 -0600

Perhaps you cannot afford to buy a new out-fit right now, but you can easily up-date your current wardrobe by matching your current wardrobe with some new shoes. One of the striking fashions on the fashion runways for this summer has been very high heeled shoes. A very good and easy way of up-dating your outfits is to buy a pair of this seasons' shoes, and see how it makes a real difference to your out-fits.

House Un-American Activities Committee

Fri, 04 Nov 2011 12:29:34 -0600

The House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC or HCUA, 1938-1975) was an investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives. In 1969, the House changed the committee's name to "House Committee on Internal Security". When the House abolished the committee in 1975, its functions were transferred to the House Judiciary Committee. The committee's anti-communist investigations are often confused with those of Senator Joseph McCarthy. McCarthy, as a senator, had no direct involvement with this House committee. McCarthy was the chairman of the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations.

Harry S Truman - 33rd President of USA

Fri, 04 Nov 2011 12:28:12 -0600

Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884 - December 26, 1972) was the 33rd President of the United States (1945-1953). During World War I Truman had served as an artillery officer, and after the war he became part of the political machine of Tom Pendergast and was elected a county commissioner in Missouri and eventually a United States Senator. After he gained national prominence as head of the wartime Truman Committee, Truman replaced vice president Henry A. Wallace as Roosevelt's running mate in 1944. Truman faced challenge after challenge in domestic affairs. The disorderly re-conversion of the economy of the United States was marked by severe shortages, numerous strikes, and the passage of the Taft-Hartley Act over his veto. He confounded all predictions to win re-election in 1948, helped by his famous Whistle Stop Tour of rural America. After his re-election he was able to pass only one of the proposals in his Fair Deal program. He used executive orders to begin desegregation of the U.S. armed forces and to create loyalty checks which dismissed thousands of communist supporters from office, even though he strongly opposed mandatory loyalty oaths for governmental employees, a stance that led to charges that his administration was soft on communism. During his presidency there were the meetings of the House Committee on Un-American Activities as a reaction to this criticism. Truman's presidency was also eventful in foreign affairs, with the end of World War II and his decision to use nuclear weapons against Japan, the founding of the United Nations, the Marshall Plan to rebuild Europe, the Truman Doctrine to contain communism, the beginning of the Cold War, the creation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and the Korean War. Corruption in Truman's administration reached the cabinet and senior White House staff. Republicans made corruption a central issue in the 1952 campaign. Truman, whose demeanor was very different from that of the patrician Roosevelt, was a folksy, unassuming president. He popularized such phrases as "The buck stops here" and "If you can't stand the heat, you better get out of the kitchen." He overcame the low expectations of many political observers who compared him unfavorably with his highly regarded predecessor. At different points in his presidency, Truman earned both the highest and the lowest public approval ratings that had ever been recorded. Despite negative public opinion during his term in office, popular and scholarly assessments of his presidency became more positive after his retirement from politics and the publication of Truman's memoirs. Truman's legendary upset victory in 1948 over Thomas E. Dewey is routinely invoked by underdog presidential candidates. Most historians consider Truman one of the greatest U.S. Presidents.

James Buchanan - 15th President of USA

Fri, 04 Nov 2011 12:27:19 -0600

Dwight D Eisenhower - 34th President of USA

Fri, 04 Nov 2011 12:26:31 -0600

Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (October 14, 1890 - March 28, 1969) was the 34th President of the United States from 1953 until 1961. He had been a five-star general in the United States Army, and during the Second World War, he served as Supreme Commander of the Allied forces in Europe. He had responsibility for planning and supervising the successful invasion of France and Germany in 1944-45. In 1951, he became the first Supreme Commander of NATO As President, he oversaw the cease-fire of the Korean War, kept up the pressure on the Soviet Union during the Cold War, made nuclear weapons a higher defense priority, launched the Space Race, enlarged the Social Security program, and began the Interstate Highway System. He was the last World War I veteran to serve as U.S. president, and the last president born in the 19th century. Eisenhower ranks highly among former U.S. presidents in terms of approval rating. TO BE CONTINUED

Use those Squidoo Tools

Tue, 25 Oct 2011 09:50:21 -0600

Remember that Seth Godin, the creator of Squid is a marketing genius. The concept of Squidoo is genius. Everything has been designed to help Squidoo lenses succeed. Search engines love Squidoo, as the lenses can be linked to successful sites such as YouTube, and Amazon, and you can use the essential keywords, in the form of 40 tags, which help those search engine spiders find and catalogue your lenses. What is your part in all this grand design? Your role is to simply use the Squidoo Tools that have been provided for you!

Hypnotherapy - Learn How to Do It for Yourself

Tue, 25 Oct 2011 10:07:41 -0600

Hypnosis is a natural way to help yourself and to improve your life. In hypnosis we deal with the subconscious mind so we are learning to use a part of ourselves in a natural way. It can help us to create a life of miracles, for the b> is the best goal-achieving vehicle that there is. Whatever clear messages we give to our unconscious mind it sets out to create the circumstances to bring it into reality.

Bill Clinton - 42nd President of USA

Sat, 23 Oct 2010 11:43:16 -0600

Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19, 1946) served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He was the third-youngest president with only Theodore Roosevelt and John F. Kennedy being younger when entering office. He became President at the end of the Cold War, and s known as the first Baby Boomer president. His wife, Hillary Rodham Clinton, is currently the United States Secretary of State. Both are graduates of Yale Law School. Clinton was described as a New Democrat and was largely known for the Third Way philosophy of governance that came to epitomize his two terms as president. His policies, on issues such as the North American Free Trade Agreement and welfare reform, have been described as centrist. Clinton presided over the longest period of peace-time economic expansion in American history, which included a balanced budget and a reported federal surplus. Based on Congressional accounting rules, at the end of his presidency Clinton reported a surplus of $559 billion. On the heels of a failed attempt at health care reform with a Democratic Congress, Republicans won control of the House of Representatives for the first time in forty years. Two years later, in 1996, Clinton was re-elected and became the first member of the Democratic Party since Franklin D. Roosevelt to win a second term as president. In 1998 he was impeached for perjury and obstruction of justice related to the Lewinsky scandal, but was subsequently acquitted by the U.S. Senate by a largely partisan vote. Clinton left office with an approval rating at 66%, the highest end of office rating of any president since World War II. Since then, he has been involved in public speaking and humanitarian work. Clinton created the William J. Clinton Foundation to promote and address international causes such as treatment and prevention of HIV/AIDS and global warming. In 2004, he released his autobiography, "My Life", and was involved in his wife Hillary's 2008 presidential campaign and in that of President Barack Obama. In 2009, he was named United Nations Special Envoy to Haiti.

Get to Know the 44 USA Presidents

Sat, 23 Oct 2010 11:23:18 -0600

The President of the United States is the head of state and the head of government of the United States. As chief of the executive branch and head of the federal government as a whole, the presidency is the highest political office in the United States by influence and recognition. The president is also the Commander-in-Chief of the U.S. armed forces. The president is indirectly elected to a four-year term by an Electoral College (or by the House of Representatives should the Electoral College fail to award an absolute majority of votes to any person). Since the ratification of the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1951, no person may be elected to the office of the president more than twice Upon death, resignation, or removal from office of an incumbent President, the Vice President assumes the office. This list includes only those persons who were sworn into office as president following the ratification of the United States Constitution, which took effect in 1789. For American leaders before this ratification, see President of the Continental Congress. The list does not include any Acting Presidents under the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution There have been forty-three people sworn into office, and forty-four presidencies, due to the fact that Grover Clevelandserved two non-consecutive terms and is counted chronologically as both the twenty-second and the twenty-fourth president. Of the individuals elected as president, four died in office of natural causes, one resigned, and four were assassinated. The first president was George Washington , who was inaugurated in 1789 after a unanimous Electoral College vote. William Henry Harrison spent the shortest time in office at 32 days. At over twelve years, Franklin D. Roosevelt spent the longest time in office, and is the only president to serve more than two terms. The current president is Barack Obama, who became president on January 20, 2009.

John Quincy Adams - 6th President of USA

Sat, 23 Oct 2010 11:22:39 -0600

John Quincy Adams (July 11, 1767 - February 23, 1848) served as the 6th President of the United States from March 4, 1825 to March 4, 1829. Adams was born to John Adams, Jr. and Abigail Adams in what is now Quincy, Massachusetts In 1779 Adams began a diary that he kept until just before his death in 1848. Adams first learned of the Declaration of Independence from the letters his father wrote his mother from the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia. Much of Adams' youth was spent accompanying his father overseas. John Adams served as an American envoy to France from 1778 until 1779 and to the Netherlands from 1780 until 1782, and the younger Adams accompanied his father on these journeys. Adams acquired an education at institutions such as Leiden University. For nearly three years, at the age of 14, he accompanied Francis Dana as a secretary on a mission to St. Petersburg, Russia, to obtain recognition of the new United States. He spent time in Finland, Sweden, and Denmark and, in 1804, published a travel report of Silesia. During these years overseas, Adams gained a mastery of French and Dutch and a familiarity with German and other European languages. He entered Harvard College and graduated in 1788. He apprenticed as a lawyer with Theophilus Parsons in Newburyport, Massachusetts, from 1787 to 1789. He was admitted to the bar in 1791 and began practicing law in Boston.

South American Paintings at Kew Gardens by Marianne North

Wed, 20 Oct 2010 21:27:08 -0600

Marianne North was a remarkable Victorian artist who travelled the globe in order to satisfy her passion for recording the world's flora with her paintbrush. The result of these epic journeys can be seen in the North Gallery at Kew Gardens, where tier upon tier of brightly coloured paintings of flowers, landscapes, animals and birds are arranged. There are 832 paintings, all completed in 13 years of travel round the world.

Inspirational Quotes

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 11:01:30 -0600

I would like to share with you some of the inspirational quotes that I have found helpful. Best wishes, Diane

Jack Kennedy - 35th President of USA

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 11:00:50 -0600

John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29, 1917 - November 22, 1963), often referred to by his initials JFK, was the 35th President of the United States, serving from 1961 until his assassination in 1963. After Kennedy's military service as commander of the Motor Torpedo Boat PT-109 during World War II in the South Pacific, his aspirations turned political. With the encouragement and grooming of his father, Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr., Kennedy represented Massachusetts's 11th congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1947 to 1953 as a Democrat, and in the U.S. Senate from 1953 until 1960. Kennedy defeated then Vice President and Republican candidate Richard Nixon in the 1960 U.S. presidential election, one of the closest in American history. He was the second-youngest President (after Theodore Roosevelt), and the youngest elected to the office, at the age of 43. Kennedy is the first and only Catholic president, and is the only president to have won a Pulitzer Prize. Events during his administration include the Bay of Pigs Invasion, the Cuban Missile Crisis, the building of the Berlin Wall, the Space Race, the African American Civil Rights Movement and early events of the Vietnam War. Kennedy was assassinated on November 22, 1963, in Dallas, Texas. Lee Harvey Oswald was charged with the crime but was shot and killed two days later by Jack Ruby before he could be put on trial. The Warren Commission and the 1979 House Select Committee on Assassinations concluded that Oswald was the assassin, with the HSCA allowing for the probability of conspiracy Today, Kennedy continues to rank highly in public opinion ratings of former U.S. presidents.

Anne of Cleves

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 10:43:15 -0600

Anne of Cleves (22 September 1515-16 July 1557) was a German noblewoman and the 4th wife of Henry VIII of England and as such she was Queen of England from 6 January 1540 to 9 July 1540. The marriage was never consummated, and she was not crowned queen consort. Following the annulment of their marriage, Anne was given a generous settlement by the King, and thereafter referred to as the King's Beloved Sister. She was the longest-lived of all of Henry's other wives except Catherine of Aragon Anne was the subject of two portraits by Hans Holbein the younger who painted her in 1539.

Harry S Truman - 33rd President of USA

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 10:36:16 -0600

Richard Nixon - 37th President of USA

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 10:32:27 -0600

Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913 - April 22, 1994) was the 37th President of the United States (1969-1974) and the only president to resign the office. He was also the 36th Vice President of the United States (1953-1961). Nixon was born in Yorba Linda, California. After completing undergraduate work at Whittier College, he graduated from Duke University School of Law in 1937 and returned to California to practice law in La Mirada. After the attack on Pearl Harbor, he joined the United States Navy and rose to the rank of Lieutenant Commander during World War II. He was elected in 1946 as a Republican to the House of Representatives representing California's 12th Congressional district, and in 1950 to the United States Senate. He was selected to be the running mate of Dwight D. Eisenhower, who was the Republican Party nominee in the 1952 presidential election, and Nixon was vice president until 1961. Nixon announced his withdrawal from politics after losing the presidential election in 1960 and the California gubernatorial election in 1962. However, in 1968, Nixon was elected president of the United States. The most immediate task facing President Nixon was the Vietnam War. He initially escalated the conflict, overseeing secret bombing campaigns, but soon withdrew American troops and successfully negotiated a ceasefire with North Vietnam, effectively ending American involvement in the war. His foreign policy was largely successful, as he opened relations with the People's Republic of China and initiated detente with the Soviet Union. Domestically, he implemented new economic policies which called for wage and price control and the abolition of the gold standard. He was re-elected by a landslide in 1972, though in this second term, the nation was afflicted with economic difficulties. In the face of likely impeachment for his role in the Watergate Scandal , Nixon resigned on August 9, 1974. He was later pardoned by his successor, Gerald Ford, for any federal crimes he may have committed while in office. In his retirement, Nixon became a prolific author and undertook many foreign trips. He suffered a debilitating stroke on April 18, 1994, and died four days later at the age of 81. TO BE CONTINUED

The Phonetic Alphabet

Sat, 16 Oct 2010 10:45:45 -0600

Have you ever had some-one spell out the alphabet to you using all sorts of terms like :- "E for Echo, V for Victor etc"? If you have, this is the phonetic alphabet and you can learn it now and use it yourself The phonetic alphabet need no longer be a mystery to you. it has a practical application, as gives you clarity when you use it to spell out words over the telephone. As it is an accepted alphabet, your words will be understood by others, which is what communication is all about.

How to Get what you Want

Sat, 10 Sep 2011 09:23:16 -0600

How to get what you want in 4 simple steps! We can get what we want by putting the universal principles into action. In reality, this putting the the Laws of Attraction in practice! The Secret and the Laws of Attractionin essence is that we all contain the divine spark and once we recognise that and put it into action, we can become co-creators of our lives.

How to be a Successful Squid: The No 1 Rule

Sat, 10 Sep 2011 09:22:08 -0600

Many of us invest a lot of time and effort in our Squidoo lenses, and therefore it helps if we can learn the tips to becoming a Succesful Squid I have been a member of,b>Squidoo for about 2 years' now, and it is only recently that some info has struck me and really gone in, and so I want to share it with you, so that you can learn more quickly than I did. I want you to be the best you can be, so that together we make Squidland the home of many Successful Squids

Fashion on a Shoe-string

Sun, 28 Aug 2011 11:17:12 -0600

Although there is a recession, there is no need to look dowdy! Perhaps you cannot afford to buy a new out-fit right now, but you can easily up-date your current wardrobe by spending just a few dollars. During these times, your friend is a haberdashery shop, where you can buy fashionable buttons and trims. With the minimum of effort, you can get the new look you need. You need to have fashion in a recession, as it helps to cheer you up and to feel more positive. I have included a few ideas in this lens to get your creative juices going!

North American Flora painted by Marianne North

Tue, 16 Aug 2011 11:45:38 -0600

Marianne North was a remarkable Victorian artist who travelled the globe in order to satisfy her passion for recording the world's flora with her paintbrush. The result of these epic journeys can be seen in the North Gallery at Kew, where tier upon tier of brightly coloured paintings of flowers, landscapes, animals and birds are arranged. There are 832 paintings, all completed in 13 years of travel round the world.

How do you Earn on Squidoo

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:48:10 -0600

It is not obvious at first! There are several ways of making an income on Squidoo, but as the site is not promoted as a money-making site, it is not necessarily obvious at first! In fact, I had been a member for a few months', and produced a few lenses, and then started to wonder why I was getting paid! I think it is brilliant that there is a section on Squidoo for Squidoo Tips as it encourages the spirit of members helping in each other. Together we can create a wonderful Squidland. .

Keep your Motivation High

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:46:17 -0600

I would like to share with you some of the inspirational quotes that I have found helpful. Please read them and feel free to feel inspired! People share their wisdom in these quotes and they are useful to remember when we need inspiration. Please remember that you are Extraordinary! Best wishes, Diane

The Birthday Party

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:44:52 -0600

The Birthday Party was a play, written by Harold Pinter in 1958. Harold Pinter CH, CBE (10 October 1930 - 24 December 2008), was an English playwright, screenwriter, actor, director, political activist and poet. He was among the most influential British playwrights of modern times. In 2005 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.

Learn to Play the Piano

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:42:37 -0600

Have you always wanted to learn the piano? Well I had always wanted to do so as a child, but resources did not allow me to do so. Last Christmas, I spotted a wonderful Yamaha keyboard, which is priced at a very reasonable price, and is available from Amazon. My husband offered to buy it for me for Christmas, and I have been learning the pianoever since. It is wonderful to be able to play. I also think it is good for you to learn a new practical skill at a mature age, as it keeps your mind active. I purchased 2 books from Amazon, and they were sufficient to get me started. I shall explain the process here whilst it is fresh in my experience.

Science of Getting Rich

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:39:55 -0600

The Science of Getting Rich is a book which was written in 1910. It consists of spiritual truths that help you to achieve the life you want. We are not supposed be be living our lives in poverty, and that this not the natural way of things. It talks about the universal energy and the Laws of Attraction. However it was written in antiquated language which is not always that easy for us to understand. I am a member of a Club which is studying this book, and we have found that when we apply its principles it really works. So as I study it, and read and re-read it, I am drafting a summary of each chapter for easy reference. I have decided to share this with you here, though I am also giving the link for the original ebook so that you can read that for yourself. Best wishes, Diane

Your Recession Wardrobe

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:38:57 -0600

Although there is a recession there is no need to look dowdy! Perhaps you cannot afford to buy a new out-fit right now, but you can easily up-date your current fashion wardrobe by spending just a few dollars. During these times, your friend is a haberdashery shop, where you can buy fashionable buttons and trims. With the minimum of effort, you can get the new look you need. You need to have fashion in a recession, as it helps to cheer you up and to feel more positive. I have included a few ideas in this lens to get your creative juices going!

Henry VIII King of England

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:35:48 -0600

Freedom 4 Us!

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:34:02 -0600

I think most of us regard Freedom as important. However, it is possible that my definition of "freedom" may differ from yours. How can we move towards "freedom" until we know what we mean by it? So I am starting off with a few definitions here, just to get the creative juices working! However I want you to regard this as YOUR lens. So please add your view-point at the Guest Book below. I think this is an important issue, and it would be good if we could move towards clarity. All best wishes, Diane

Abraham Lincoln - 16th President of USA

Mon, 26 Oct 2009 14:14:45 -0600

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 - April 15, 1865) was the 16th President of the United States from 1860. He successfully led the country through its greatest internal crisis, the American Civil War. Lincoln was the first Republican president, having previously been a country lawyer, a member of the United States House of Representatives, and twice an unsuccessful candidate for election to the U.S. Senate. His tenure in office was occupied primarily with the defeat of the secessionist Confederate States of America in the American Civil War. He introduced measures that resulted in the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 and promoting the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution. As the civil war was drawing to a close, Lincoln became the first American president to be assassinated.

Up-date your Fashion Wardrobe in a Recession

Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:47:05 -0600

Although there is a recession, there is no need to look dowdy! Perhaps you cannot afford to buy a new out-fit right now, but you can easily up-date your current fashion wardrobe by spending just a few dollars. During these times, your friend is a haberdashery shop, where you can buy fashionable buttons and trims. With the minimum of effort, you can get the new look you need. You need to have fashion in a recession, as it helps to cheer you up and to feel more positive. I have included a few ideas in this lens to get your creative juices going!

Re-cycle your old Greetings Cards

Tue, 14 Jun 2011 12:49:24 -0600

People love to be given items that you have taken time to make, as it becomes a personal gift as opposed to a mass-produced one which anyone can buy. So why not give individual greetings cards by re-cycling your old greetings cards? The cost to transform your old cards into new ones is very small, and they form an individual and personal token

Grover Cleveland - Former USA President

Tue, 14 Jun 2011 12:48:45 -0600

Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837 - June 24, 1908) was both the 22nd and 24th President of the United States. Cleveland is the only President to serve two non-consecutive terms (1885-1889 and 1893-1897. He was the only Democrat elected to the Presidency in the era of Republican political domination that lasted from 1860 to 1912. Cleveland's admirers praise him for his honesty, independence, integrity, and commitment to the principles of classical liberalism. As a leader of the Bourbon Democrats, he opposed imperialism, taxes, subsidies and inflationary policies, but as a reformer he also worked against corruption and patronage.

Favorite Inspirational Quotes

Tue, 14 Jun 2011 12:44:42 -0600

I would like to share with you some of the inspirational quotes that I have found helpful. People share their wisdom in these quotes and they are useful to remember when we need inspiration. So if you like some of these, why not memorise them, as you never know when you may need a spot of inspiration Best wishes, Diane